北京英语高考真题(含答案)

绝密★启用前2017年普通高等学校全国招生统一考试（北京卷）英语本试卷共16页，共150分。考试时长120分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：听力理解(共三节，30分)第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。例：Whatisthemangoingtoread?A．Anewspaper.B．Amagazine.C．Abook.答案是A。1．Whenwillthefilmstart?A．At5:00.B．At6:00.C．At7:00.2．Whichclubwillthemanjoin?A．Thefilmclub.B．Thetravelclub.C．Thesportsclub.3．Whatwastheweatherlikeinthemountainsyesterday?A．Sunny.B．Windy.C．Snowy.4．Whatdoesthemanwanttocutoutofpaper?A．Afish.B．Abird.C．Amonkey.5．Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A．Inalibrary.B．Atabookstore.C．Inamuseum.第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，15分）听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6．Whydoesthewomanmakethecall?A．Tomakeaninvitation.B．Toaskforinformation.C．Todiscussaholidayplan.7．Howmuchdoesthewomanneedtopayfortheminibus?A．$50.B．$150.C．$350.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Whatarethetwosperkersmainlytalkingabout?A.Electronicwaste.B.Soilpollution.C.Recylingbenefits.9.Whatdoesthewomandecidetodowithhercellphoneintheend?A.Throwitaway.B.Keepitathome.C.Sellittoberecycled.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthetwosperkers?A.Friends.B.Wifeandhusband.C.Businesspartners.11.Wheredoesthewomanworknow?A.Inaschool.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inatravelagency.12.Whatarethetwosperkersgoingtodo?A.Totakeatrip.B.Tohaveacoffee.C.Toattendameeting.听第9段材料，回答第13至15题。13.Whathasbeenimprovedaccordingtothespeaker?A.Thetrainstation.B.Thebusservice.C.Theparkinglot.14.Howdoesthespeakergettoherofficetoday?A.Bybusandonfoot.B.Bytrainandbybus.C.Bytrainandonfoot.15.Whoisthespeaker?A.Areporter. B.Apoliceman. C.Aphotographer.第三节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）听下面一段对话，完成第16至20五道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。听对话前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段对话你将听两遍。Pick-upAppointmentFormItem（物品）A16andsomemagazinesDestinationOverseasto1753.A.for B.through C.besides D.along54.A.healthy B.public C.normal D.tough55.A.choice B.profit C.judgement D.difference第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AItwasacoldMarchdayinHighPoint,NorthCarolina.ThegirlsontheWesleyanAcademysoftballwerewaitingfortheirnextturnsatbatduringpractice,stampingtheirfeettostaywarm,Eighth-graderTaylorBisbeeshivered(发抖)alittleasshewatchedherteammateParisWhiteplay.Thetwodidn’tknoweachotherwell—Taylorhadjustmovedtotownamonthorsobefore.Suddenly,Parisfelltotheground,“Paris’seyerolledback,”Taylorsays.“Shestartedshaking.Iknewitwasanemergency.”Itcertainlywas,Parishadsufferedasuddenheartfailure.Withoutimmediatemedicalcare,Pariswoulddie.Atfirstnoonemoved.Thegirlswereinshock.Thenthesoftballcoachshoutedout,“DoesanyoneknowCPR?”CPRisalife-savingtechnique.TodoCPR,youpresszxxkonthesickperson’schestsothatbloodmovesthroughthebodyandtakesoxygentoorgans.Withoutoxygenthebrainisdamagingquickly.Amazingly,TaylorhadjusttakenaCPRcoursethedaybefore.Still,shehesitated.Shedidn’tthinksheknewitwellenough.Butwhennooneelsecameforward,TaylorrantoParisandbegandoingCPR,“Itwasscary.Iknewitwasthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath,”saysTaylor.Taylor’sswiftactionhelpedherteammatescalmdown.Onegirlcalled911.Twomorerantogettheschoolnurse,whobroughtadefibrillator,anelectronicdevices(器械)thatcanshocktheheartbackintowork.Luckstayedwiththem:Paris’heartbeatreturned.“IknowIwasreallylucky,”Parissaysnow.“Mostpeopledon’tsurvivethis.Myteamsavedmylife.”ExpertssayParisisright:Forasuddenheartfailure,thesinglebestchanceforsurvivalishavingsomeonenearbystepinanddoCPRquickly.Today,Parisisbackonthesoftballteam.Taylorwillapplytocollegesoon.Shewantstobeanurse.“Ifeelmoreconfidentinmyactionsnow,”Taylorsays.“IknowIcanactunderpressureinascarysituation.”56.WhathappenedtoParisonaMarchday?A.Shecaughtabadcold.B.Shehadasuddenheartproblem.C.Shewasknockeddownbyaball.D.Sheshiveredterriblyduringpractice57.WhydoesParissayshewaslucky?A.Shemadeaworthyfriend.B.Sherecoveredfromshock.C.ShereceivedimmediateCPR.D.Shecamebackonthesoftballteam.58.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeTaylor?A.Enthusiasticandkind.B.Courageousandcalm.C.Cooperativeandgenerous.D.Ambitiousandprofessional.BInspiringyoungminds! TOKNOWMagazineisabighitintheworldofchildren’spublishing,bringingauniquecombinationofchallengingideasandgoodfuntoyoungfanseverymonth.What’sinside?What’sinside?Everymonththemagazineintroducesafreshnewtopicwitharticles,experimentsandcreativethingstomake—themagazinealsoexploresphilosophyandwellbeingtomakesureyoungreadershaveabalancedtakeonlife.WhatissospecialaboutTOKNOWmagazine? Well,ithasnoadsorpromotionsinside—insteaditisjam-packedwithseriousideas.TOKNOWmakescomplexideasattractiveandaccessibletochildren,whocanbecomeinvolvedinadvancedconceptsandevenphilosophy（哲学）—andtheywillsoondiscoverthatTOKNOWfeelsmorelikeaclubthanjustamagazine.Soundstoogoodtobetrue? Takealookonline—evidenceshowsthatthousandsofteachersandparentsknowagoodthingwhentheyseeitandrecommendTOKNOWtotheirfriends.HappyBirthdayAllYear! Whatcouldbemorefunthanagiftthatkeepscomingthroughtheletterboxeverymonth?Thefirstmagazinewithyourgiftmessagewillarriveintimeforthespecialday.SUBSCRIBENOW□AnnualSubscriptionEurope£55RestofWorld£65□AnnualSubscriptionwithGiftPackIncludesaMammothMap,apassportPuzzleBooklet,andSubscriptionEurope£60RestofWorld£70RefundPolicy—thesubscriptioncanbecancelledwithin28daysandyoucangetyourmoneyback.59.WhyisTOKNOWaspecialmagazine?A.Itentertainsyoungparents.B.Itprovidesseriousadvertisements.C.Itpublishespopularsciencefictions.D.Itcombinesfunwithcomplexconcepts.60.WhatdoesTOKNOWofferitsreaders?A.Onlinecourses.B.Articlesonnewtopics.C.Lecturesonabalancedlife.D.Reportsonscientificdiscoveries.61.Howmuchshouldyoupayifyoumakea12-mouthsubscriptiontoTOKNOWwithgiftpackfromChina?A.£55.B.£60.C.£65.D.£70.62.SubscribersofTOKNOWwouldget.A.freebirthdaypresentsB.fullrefundwithin28daysC.membershipoftheTOKNOWclubD.chancestomeettheexpertsinpersonCMeasles(麻疹),whichoncekilled450childreneachyearanddisabledevenmore,wasnearlywipedoutintheUnitedStates14yearsagobytheuniversaluseoftheMMRvaccine(疫苗).Butthediseaseismakingacomeback,causedbyagrowinganti-vaccinemovementandmisinformationthatisspreadingquickly.Alreadythisyear,115measlescaseshavebeenreportedintheUSA,comparedwith189foralloflastyear.Thenumbersmightsoundsmall,buttheyaretheleadingedgeofadangeroustrend.Whenvaccinationratesareveryhigh,astheystillareinthenationasawhole,everyoneisprotected.Thisiscalled“herdimmunity”,whichprotectsthepeoplewhogethurteasily,includingthosewhocan’tbevaccinatedformedicalreasons,babiestooyoungtogetvaccinatedandpeopleonwhomthevaccinedoesn’twork.Butherdimmunityworksonlywhennearlythewholeherdjoinsin.Whensomerefusevaccinationandseekafreeride,immunitybreaksdownandeveryoneisinevenbiggerdanger.That’sexactlywhatishappeninginsmallneighborhoodsaroundthecountryfromOrangeCounty,California,where22measlescaseswerereportedthismonth,toBrooklyn,N.Y.,wherea17-year-oldcausedanoutbreaklastyear.Theresistancetovaccinehascontinuedfordecades,anditisdrivenbyarealbutverysmallrisk.Thosewhorefusetotakethatriskselfishlymakeotherssuffer.Makingthingsworsearestatelawsthatmakeittooeasytooptout(决定不参加)ofwhataresupposedtoberequiredvaccinesforallchildrenenteringkindergarten.Seventeenstatesallowparentstogetanexemption（豁免),sometimesjustbysigningapapersayingtheypersonallyobjecttoavaccine.Now,severalstatesaremovingtotightenlawsbyaddingnewregulationsforoptingout.Butnoonedoesenoughtolimitexemptions.Parentsoughttobeabletooptoutonlyforlimitedmedicalorreligiousreasons.Butpersonalopinions?Notgoodenough.Everyoneenjoysthelife-savingbenefitsvaccinesprovide,butthey’llexistonlyaslongaseveryonesharesintherisks.63．Thefirsttwoparagraphssuggestthat____________.A．asmallnumberofmeaslescasescanstartadangeroustrendB．theoutbreakofmeaslesattractsthepublicattentionC．anti-vaccinemovementhasitsmedicalreasonsD．informationaboutmeaslesspreadsquickly64．Herdimmunityworkswellwhen____________.A．exemptionsareallowedB．severalvaccinesareusedtogetherC．thewholeneighborhoodisinvolvedinD．newregulationsareaddedtothestatelaws65．Whatisthemainreasonforthecomebackofmeasles?A．Theoveruseofvaccine.B．Thelackofmedicalcare.C．Thefeaturesofmeaslesitself.D．Thevaccineopt-outsofsomepeople.66．Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A．Tointroducetheideaofexemption.B．Todiscussmethodstocuremeasles.C．Tostresstheimportanceofvaccination.D．Toappealforequalrightsinmedicaltreatment.DHollywood’stheorythatmachineswithevil(邪恶)mindswilldrivearmiesofkillerrobotsisjustsilly.Therealproblemrelatestothepossibilitythatartificialintelligence(AI)maybecomeextremelygoodatachievingsomethingotherthanwhatwereallywant.In1960awell-knownmathematicianNorbertWiener,whofoundedthefieldofcybernetics（控制论）,putitthisway:“Ifweuse,toachieveourpurposes,amechanicalagencywithwhoseoperationwecannoteffectivelyinterfere(干预),wehadbetterbequitesurethatthepurposeputintothemachineisthepurposewhichwereallydesire.”Amachinewithaspecificpurposehasanotherquality,onethatweusuallyassociatewithlivingthings:awishtopreserveitsownexistence.Forthemachine,thisqualityisnotin-born,norisitsomethingintroducedbyhumans;itisalogicalconsequenceofthesimplefactthatthemachinecannotachieveitsoriginalpurposeifitisdead.Soifwesendoutarobotwiththesingleinstructionoffetchingcoffee,itwillhaveastrongdesiretosecuresuccessbydisablingitsownoffswitchorevenkillinganyonewhomightinterferewithitstask.Ifwearenotcareful,then,wecouldfaceakindofglobalchessmatchagainstverydetermined,superintelligentmachineswhoseobjectivesconflictwithourown,withtherealworldasthechessboard.Thepossibilityofenteringintoandlosingsuchamatchshouldconcentratethemindsofcomputerscientists.Someresearchersarguethatwecansealthemachinesinsideakindoffirewall,usingthemtoanswerdifficultquestionsbutneverallowingthemtoaffecttherealworld.Unfortunately,thatplanseemsunlikelytowork:wehaveyettoinventafirewallthatissecureagainstordinaryhumans,letalonesuperintelligentmachines.SolvingthesafetyproblemwellenoughtomoveforwardinAIseemstobepossiblebutnoteasy.Thereareprobablydecadesinwhichtoplanforthearrivalofsuperintelligentmachines.Buttheproblemshouldnotbedismissedoutofhand,asithasbeenbysomeAIresearchers.Somearguethathumansandmachinescancoexistaslongastheyworkinteams—yetthatisnotpossibleunlessmachinessharethegoalsofhumans.Otherssaywecanjust“switchthemoff”asifsuperintelligentmachinesaretoostupidtothinkofthatpossibility.StillothersthinkthatsuperintelligentAIwillneverhappen.OnSeptember11,1933,famousphysicistErnestRutherfordstated,withconfidence,“Anyonewhoexpectsasourceofpowerinthetransformationoftheseatomsistalkingmoonshine.”However,onSeptember12,1933,physicistLeoSzilardinventedtheneutron-induced(中子诱导)nuclearchainreaction.67.Paragraph1mainlytellsusthatartificialintelligencemay.A.runoutofhumancontrolB.satisfyhuman’srealdesiresC.commandarmiesofkillerrobotsD.workfasterthanamathematician68.Machineswithspecificpurposesareassociatedwithlivingthingspartlybecausetheymightbeableto.A.preventthemselvesfrombeingdestroyedBachievetheiroriginalgoalsindependentlyC.doanythingsuccessfullywithgivenordersD.beathumansininternationalchessmatches69.Accordingtosomeresearchers,wecanusefirewallsto.A.helpsuperintelligentmachinesworkbetterB.besecureagainstevilhumanbeingsC.keepmachinesfrombeingharmedD.avoidrobots’affectingtheworld70.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthesafetyproblemofsuperintelligentmachines?A.ItwilldisappearwiththedevelopmentofAI.B.Itwillgetworsewithhumaninterference.C.Itwillbesolvedbutwithdifficulty.D.Itwillstayforadecade.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everyanimalsleeps,butthereasonforthishasremainedfoggy.Whenlabratsarenotallowedtosleep,theydiewithinamonth.71Oneideaisthatsleephelpsusstrengthennewmemories.72Weknowthat,whileawake,freshmemoriesarerecordedbyreinforcing(加强)connectionsbetweenbraincells,butthememoryprocessesthattakeplacewhilewesleephavebeenunclear.Supportisgrowingforatheorythatsleepevolvedsothatconnectionsbetweenneurons(神经元)inthebraincanbeweakenedovernight,makingroomforfreshmemoriestoformthenextday.73Nowwehavethemostdirectevidenceyetthatheisright.74Thesynapsesinthemicetakenattheendofaperiodofsleepwere18percentsmallerthanthosetakenbeforesleep,showingthattheconnectionsbetweenneuronsweakenwhilesleeping.IfTononi’stheoryisright,itwouldexplainwhy,whenwemissanight`s,wefinditharderthenextdaytoconcentrateandlearnnewinformation—ourbrainsmayhavesmallerroomfornewexperiences.Theirresearchalsosuggestshowwemaybuildlastingmemoriesovertimeeventhoughthesynapsesbecomethinner.Theteamdiscoveredthatsomesynapsesseemtobeprotectedandstayedthesamesize.75“Youkeepwhatmatters,”Tononisays.A.Weshouldalsotrytosleepwellthenightbefore.B.It’sasifthebrainispreservingitsmostimportantmemories.C.Similarly,whenpeoplegoforafewdayswithoutsleeping,theygetsick.D.Theprocessestakeplacetostopourbrainsbecomingloadedwithmemories.E.That’swhystudentsdobetterintestsiftheygetachancetosleepafterlearning.F.“Sleepisthepricewepayforlearning,”saysGiulioTononi,whodevelopedtheidea.G.Tononi’steammeasuredthesizeoftheseconnections,orsynapses,inthebrainsof12mice.第四部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）第一节（15分）你的英国朋友Jim所在的学校要组织学生来中国旅行，有两条线路可以选择：“长江之行”或者“泰山之旅”。Jim来信希望你能给些建议。请你给他回信，内容包括：1.你建议的线路；2.你的理由；3.你的祝愿。注意：1.词数不少于50；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,Yours,LiHua第二节（20分）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记录毕业前夕你们制作以“感恩母校”为主题的毕业纪念视频的全过程。注意：词数不少于60。提示词：视频video(请务必讲作文写在答题卡指定区域内)绝密★启用前2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语（北京卷）参考答案第一部分：听力理解（共三节，30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）1.C2.B3.C4.B5.A第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）6.B 7.B8.A 9.C 10.A11.C12.B13.A 14.C15.A第三节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）每小题1.5分。如出现拼写错误不计分；出现大小写、单复数错误扣0.5分；如每小题超过一个词不计分。16.dictionary1