2022八省联考英语阅读理解题型

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。GoldFameCitrusWiththeflightofitscharactersthroughalandscapedestroyedbyclimatecrisis，thisnoveldoesnotindicatemuchhopefulnessforthefuture．WithinitisaseriesofsituationsandconsequencesmademoresevereinafutureCaliforniashortofwater．Acrossthedesert．wefollowWatkins'charactersthroughaplacesotransformedthatitneedsitsownfieldguideofanimalsnewlyadaptedforstrangesurvival．TheMinistryfortheFutureTheMinistryfortheFutureisamasterpieceoftheimagination，usingfictionaleyewitnessaccountstotellthestoryofhowclimatewillaffectusall．Itssettingisnotadesertedworld，butafuturethatisalmostuponus．Thisextraordinarynovelfromthevisionarysciencefictionwriterwillchangethewayyouthinkabouttheclimatecrisis．BreathingFireThefrontlinesofthefightagainstclimatechangearepeopledwiththosesocietyhasforgotten．Upto30percentofthefirefightersbattlingwildfiresinCaliforniaeachyearareprisonersperformingbackbreakinglaborwhileearninga40thofwhatacivilianmakes．Thisbookfollowssixfemaleprisonerfirefightersandtheirworriedfamilies，lookingintothehumancostofenvironmentalcrisis．SomethingUndertheSunInAlexandraKleeman'snewnovel，anovelistnewtoLosAngelesteamsupwithaformerchildactortoinvestigateaconspiracy阴谋）.ButthisisL．A．，wherewildfiresburnallyearlongandtherichstorewaterwhilethepoorsufferfromtheconsequenceofclimatecrisis.Humanweaknessispushingthecitytowardadisaster.WhichcategorydoesBreathingFirefallinto？Sciencefiction.B.Play.C.Non-fiction.D.Biography.WhatisAlexandraKleeman？A.Anovelist.B.Anactor.C.Afirefighter.D.Aminister.Whatdothelistedbookshaveincommon？Theyareonsale.Theyshowconcernoverclimate.Theyareintendedforteenagers.TheyaresetinCalifornia.BWhatcoulddrivingaracecarandpointingacameraattheMilkyWayhaveincommon？Morethanyoumightimagine.RacecardriverBubbaWallaceandphotographerBatakTefreshijourneyedtogethertoremoteGooseberryMesaforanadventureaimedatcapturingthenightsky．GooseberryMesa，farfrompopulationcenters，isprotectedfromthenighttimelightpollutionmakingitperfectforstarphotographers．Naturenightenvironmentssuchasthisarerare．Camping，hiking，andshootingstarsinmountainousMesahighlightthesimilaritybetweenphotographyandracing．Bubbanotes，“Onceyoufireuptheenginethere'snoturningback-IknowI'llbeinthatscatformorethanthreehours．”Batakagrees，“IhavethesamefeelingassoonasItouchthewheelofmycamera-I'mreadytocontinuethroughtheentirenight．”ForBubba，developingpatienceallowedhimtomatureasadriverandisequallyessentialtohisphotography．Seizingthemomentiscrucialtoo．“Everyminutethingsarechanging-theEarth'sshadow．themoonlight．theriseofstars，”Batakexplains．“Ifyoulosethemoment，it'sgoneforever．”BubbafindsthephysicalandmentaldemandsofracingascrucialwhentravellinginUtah'sruggedlandscapesunderfreezingtemperatures．Thinkincomingclouds，wind，ormistwillruinyourchanceataperfectshot？AccordingtoBatak．“Withwide-anglenightscapeseveryunexpectedweatherconditioncanbeanopportunity．Ourphotosshoworangesandbluesaroundthemoonyouwouldn'tseeunderaclearsky．”Theteamdiscoveredsharedintereststhatgobeyondphotography．“We'rebothpassionateaboutbringingculturestogetherandusingourworktobreakdownboundaries，”saysBatak．“Thenightskyhasaunifyingpower．Theskyconnectsthewholeworldunderoneumbrella．”24．WhydidBubbaandBatakchooseGooseberryMesa？A．Ithasasmallpopulation．B．Ithasidealweatherconditions．C．Itisfreefromlightpollution．D．Ithasamagnificentlandscape．25．Whichisrequiredinbothcarracingandphotography？A．Willpower．B．Teamwork．C．Bravery．D．Creativity．26．WhatdoesBatakthinkofunexpectedweatherasaphotographer？A．Annoying．B．Disastrous．C．Favorable．D．Challenging．27．Whichmaybeamessagebehindtheteam'sphotographywork？A．Appreciatingthenightsky．B．Connectingvariouscultures．C．Removingracialboundaries．D．Protectingtheenvironment．CIngardensacrossBritainthegrasshasstoppedgrowing，whichisnotdrought-stricken．Infact．itisgreenerandcleanerthaneverbefore．Thatisbecausethelawns（草坪）areactuallyartificialsubstitutes.Britonsarefascinatedbylawns.Countryestates（庄园）havelongcompetedtohavethemostperfectlycutandpolishedgrassland.“Whatyou'resayinginbigloudcapitalletters，i‘sI'msoterriblywealthy'、”saysFionaDavisonoftheRHS（皇家园林协会）.Withthecomingofgrass-cuttingmachinesin1830，themiddleclassesjoinedthefun．ButnowBritonshavefalleninlovewithartificialgrass.EvergreensUK，whichsellsthestuff.saysithasseena120%riseinsalessince2015.Artificialgrassispopularwithfamilieswhohavechildrenordogsanddon'twantmuddraggedthroughtheirhouses.Ithasanothercharmfactor，too—peoplenowseegardensas“outsiderooms”—pairingcarpetsofartificialgrasswithdelicatelydecoratedseatingandhotcontainers.Noteveryoneisafan.Artificialgrasscontainsmicroplasticsthatruinsoilandriskflooding.Astudyfindscarthwormsgain14%lessbodyweightwhenoperatingunderrubber.aformofartificialgrass.whichmightnotbeaproblemforitsfans，aswormholesareregulardisgustingthings.butitdisappointsgreentypes.MsDavisonsaysagroupofwildlife-lovinggardenersisblooming，manyhavingcaughtthebugduringCOVID-19lockdowns.Forexample，alandscapedesignersaystheylikethingslessneatandtry“tocapturethatwildclement”.Thesecco-gardenersareinfluencedbyrewildingprojectsandaremorelikelytobeenvironmentalists.Whilethreewrittendocumentssignedbymanypeoplehavetriedtostopartificialgrassspreading.thegovernmentsaysregulatingwhatpeopledointheirbackyardsiswrong．TheRHSisconcernedaboutartificialgrass，butpreferspersuasiontolaws．“Wesay‘Letahundredflowersbloom'，”saysMsDavison．28．WhatcanbeinferredfromDavison'sremarkinparagraph2？A．Sheisveryrich．B．Thegardeningcompetitionisfierce．C．Operatingacuttingmachineisfun．D．High-qualitygrasslandisgreatlyvalued．29．Whatpossiblycontributestothepopularityofartificialgrass？A．Advertisingcampaigns．B．Gardens'newfunction．C．Messygrasslands．D．Ill-manneredchildrenanddogs．30．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“bug”meaninthefourthparagraph？A．Interest．B．Earthworm．C．Flower．D．Virus．31．Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleofthetext？A．ThebarrierofBritishgrasslandB．TheappealofgrasslandforBritonsC．ThefighttodefinethegreatBritishgardenD．ThecompetitiontobecomethebestgrasslandWhenaskedwhathisfatherdidforaliving，Mikeexplainedtohiskindergartenteacherthat“hestealsthings，butit'sOK，becausehegetspaidtodoit．”Heisn'twrong.Hisfatherisahacke（黑客）whoisproudofhisjob,justlikedoctorsareproudoftheworktheydo．Thankstosecurityresearchers'hackingpractices.leaksinanewversionofthemostcommonWi-Ficodestandard（WPA3）werefoundbeforecriminalscouldusethemtobreakintohomeandbusinessnetworks.Inanothercase，criminalsfoundanunknownweaknessinGoogle'sAndroidoperatingsystemsbeforesecurityresearchersdid.givingthebadguysfullcontrolofmorethanadozenphonemodels.However.findingMike'sfather'spersonalizedplatesforhiscarwiththeword‘HACKING'.anemployeeoftheTexasDepartmentofMotorVehiclesquicklytookthemaway.claimingthatalicenseplatedisplaying“HACKING”publicizedcriminalactivity.Whilethisreactionreallyisn'tthefaultofthewell-intentionedemployee.it'sasignofhowadeeplyrootedmisrepresentationofhisprofessionhascreatedafixedwrongimage.ItseemsthatthewaythathackersaredescribedinHollywoodhascontributedtotheword‘hacker'paralleling‘criminal'，wherehackersarcoftenreferredtoasfiguresindarkroomsengagedinillegalactivitywhiletappingatkeyboards.Butactually，hackingisjustanactivity.Whatseparatesanyactivityfromacrimeis.veryoften.permission.Peoplearefreetodrive，buttheydonothavepermissiontodrive150milesperhour，whichisacriminaloffense.Sinceadriverisjustadriver.whymustahackerbeacriminal？Someonewhoengagesintheillegaluseofhackingshouldnotbecalleda‘badhacker'buta‘cybercriminal'．Contrarytopopularbelief，mosthackerslikeMike'sfatherundoubtedlyplayanimportantroleinkeepingcompaniesandpeoplesafe．32．WhatdidMike'ssonthinkofMike'sjob？A．Admirable．B．Amazing．C．Acceptable．D．Annoying．33．Whatdocsthesecondparagraphmainlytalkaboutconcerningthehackers'job？A．Itsweakness．B．Itsimportance．C．ItsvarietyD．Itssecurity．34．Whydoesthewritermention‘Hollywood'inparagraph3？A．Toentertaintherenders．B．Toquestiontheemployee'sclaim．C．Toclarifytheconceptofhacking．D．Totracethewrongimageofhackers．35．Whatmessagedoestheauthorreallywanttoconveyinthetext？A．Hackingmostlycounts．B．Hackingisactuallyacrime．C．Hackingispopularwithpeople．D．Hackingneedslicenses．阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Walkinginthecityisverydifferentfromwalkinginthepark．Asmallpsychologystudysuggestsurbanenvironmentscanslowyourstepandpossiblyincreaseyourmentalload．__36__Itcancaseyourmindandquickenyourpace．Thefindingsshowthatnaturalsettingsmaypotentiallyreducecognitive(认知的)tirednessandimprovereactiontimesstraightaway．__37__Thefirstofthetwoexperimentsinthenewstudyfocusedonpeople'swayofwalkingandcognitiveload．Duringthistrial．participantswerefittedwithsensorsandadozenmotioncontrolcamerasweresetuptowatchthemrepeatedlywalkdownal5-metreroomattheirnaturalspeed．Thewalloppositethemshowedanimageofeitheranaturesceneoracityscene．__38__Onthewhole，whenwalkingincitysettings．peoplereportedthattheyfeltmoruncomfortableandtheywalkedataslowerpace．indicatingahighecognitiveload．__39__Inthetrial．participantswereaskedtodistinguishbetweenbasicvisualshapesonthecomputerwhilealsointhepresenceofanaturalorurbanimage(thesameonesfromthefirstexperiment)．Measuringreactiontimesinbothnaturalandurbansettings．theteamfoundresultstosupporttheiridea．Inurbanenvironments，participantswereslowerindistinguishingbetweensimpleshapes．__40__Ourbrainstakelongertoprocess．However．moreresearchisneededtoprovethatidea．A．Natureinfluencesusinmanyways．B．Theseconddugintosomehigher-levelcognitiveprocesses．C．Awalkthroughnaturedoestheopposite．though．D．Theysaidtheycouldn'tconcentrateproperlyafterwalking．E．Aftereach．participantswereaskedtoratetheirdiscomfort．F．Thereasonisthaturbanenvironmentsaremoredistracting．G．Thestudyincludestwoexperimentswithtwodifferentapproaches．第三部分语言运用阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Somefolksspenddecadeslookingfortheirbestfriends．Iwas__41__enoughtofindmineinGrade7atmyseniorschool-eight_42_girls.Asweprogressedtohighschool．acoupleofgirls__43__andacoupleofnewoneswormedtheirwayin.BytheendofGrade12，thegrouphadmoreorless__44__intoitsfinalform.onethat'sremainedremarkably__45__forthepast20years.Amongourmany__46__isanannualChristmasexchange.Thiseventfirst__47__whenwewere12.Wesetituponthelong，stickycafeteriatablesatourschooltoswap__48__giftsboughtwithourbabysittingmoney.Infollowingyears，we'd__49__anightofit，watchingmoviesandorderingpizzainparents'livingrooms，__50__oslightlylessshabbyadultapartmentsandthenintoourfirst__51__.Atthebeginning．wegaveeachotherbutterflyhairclipsandsoon．Those__52__brightmalljewelleryandcheerfulhousewaresaswebegannestinginour20sandbabyclothesoncewestartedhaving__53inour30s．Holidayswithfamilycanbe__54__．butourexchangeofferedsomethingelse：achanceformyfriendsandmeto__55__ourowntraditionsandplayatbeinggrown-ups．41．A．cautiousB．astonishedC．luckyD．clever42．A．matureB．teenageC．fashionableD．strange43．A．droppedoutB．droppedinC．showedupD．showedoff44．A．brokenB．forcedC．separatedD．united45．A．secretB．longC．naturalD．complete46．A．hobbiesB．traditionsC．ceremoniesD．rules47．A．caughtonB．tookplaceC．brokeoutD．felldown48．A．fancyB．expensiveC．modestD．generous49．A．repeatB．addC．searchD．make50．A．instantlyB．literallyC．eventuallyD．consequently51．A．homesB．schoolsC．sheltersD．offices52．A．heldontoB．gavewaytoC．cateredtoD．adaptedto53．A．salariesB．jobsC．kidsD．families54．A．rareB．practicalC．inspiringD．cosy55．A．createB．reformC．applyD．recognize第二节阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。I'vehadmyfairshareoftravellingaroundChina，andarecentweek-longtriptoGuizhouwasmyfirsttimetotheprovince．ItriedlookingupthemeaningandsignificanceofthenameGuizhoubeforethetrip，__56__（basic）tohaveareasonableideaofwhatwasinstoreforme．Butthatwas__57__hardtasksoIinquiredfromaChinesecolleagueonthetrip．Fromwhatshesaid，initiallytheprovince__58__（name）afterafamousmountaincalled“Gui”，sortofnobleinliteraltranslationand“zhou”，whichsimplymeansprovinceinChinese．__59__（keep）thatinmindIsetoutonajourneyofdiscoveryand__60__Ifoundwasmind-blowing，aphotographer'sparadise．Generally__61__（describe）asamountainousprovinceinsouthwesternChina，withGuiyangas__62__（it）capital．theprovinceistrulyoneofnature'sbestkeptsecrets．Comparedtootherleading__63__（province）inChina．withregard__64__development，Guizhouhassomecatching-uptodo．However，theprovinceremainsuniquenotonlyforitsamazinglandscape，__65__fortheroleitplayedinthepoliticalhistoryofmodernChinaandtheroleitistoplayintheworld．阅读下而材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。ARuntoRememberThirteencanbeachallengingage．NotonlydidIhavetoadapttomychangingbody．Ialsohadtodealwithmyparents'bitterdivorce，anewfamilyandtheupsettingmovefrommycountryhometoacrowdedsuburb．Whenwemoved.mybelovedcompanion,asmallbrownpony（小马），hadtobesold.Feelinghelplessandalone.Icouldn'tcatorsleep，andIcriedallofthetime.Imissedmyfamily.myhomeandmypony.Finally.myfather，