2023届高考英语模拟预热卷 全国卷

2023届高考英语模拟预热卷全国卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Howdidthemangettowork?A.Bycar. B.Bybus. C.Onfoot.2.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutswimmingnow?A.Relaxed. B.Frightened. C.Tired.3.WhatwillKendothisFriday?A.Playbasketball. B.Visitthemuseum.C.Visithisgrandpa.4.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Hemadecommentsonthewoman’spaper.B.Heborrowedbooksfromthenewlibrary.C.Hewroteawonderfulessay.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Keepingfit. B.Developingahobby.C.Cancellingsubscription.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthemanmainlyusehisphonefor?A.Entertainment. B.Communication. C.Information.7.Whatisthemandissatisfiedwithabouthisphone?A.Thesystem. B.Thecamera. C.Thesize.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthelastdoctor?A.Hewascaring. B.Hewastooyoung.C.Hedidn'tlistentohispatients.9.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Makeacallearly. B.Chooseanotherdoctor.C.Putoffhisappointment.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atalibrary. B.Atabookstore. C.Atagrocerystore.11.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Orderanitem. B.Borrowsomemoney.C.Changehershippingaddress.12.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Buyanothergift. B.Tryanotherplace.C.Leaveapartialpayment.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whydoesthemanmakethecall?A.Toaskforinformation. B.Toconductaninterview.C.Tomakeanappointment.14.Whatpositionisavailablenow?A.Cooks. B.Managers. C.Waiters.15.Howlongaretheworkinghours?A.Fourhours. B.Sevenhours. C.Eighthours.16.Whatdoesthejoboffer?A.Afreemeal. B.£5anhour. C.Atwo-daybreakperweek.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatmadethepoolclosed30yearsago?A.Itsbudget. B.Itsdesign. C.Itssafety.18.WhatissaidabouttheBrackensidePool?A.Itisdesignedbyanewarchitect.B.Itisacombinationofoldandnew.C.Thelocalpressisconfidentaboutit.19.Whowilldeclarethepoolopen?A.Anactress. B.Ahistoricalfigure.C.Thepress.20.Whatcanthewinnerofthecompetitiondecide?A.Whenthepoolwillopen. B.Whichsculpturewillbeused.C.Whatkindoffoodwillbeprovided.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AFindingperfectplacesforlaunchingTheShenzhouXIVcrewmembersbegantheirsix-monthmissiononJune5.Whenthecrewsmissionfinishesaroundtheendof2022,theTiangongspacestationwillbefullyoperational,accordingtoChinaDaily.Developmentshavebeenmadenotonlyinspace,butalsoonEarth.TherearecurrentlysixsatellitelaunchsitesinChina,includingJiuquanSatelliteLaunchCenterinGansu,XichangSatelliteLaunchCenterinSichuan,TaiyuanSatelliteLaunchCenterinShanxiandWenchangSpacecraftLaunchSiteinHainan;andtwonewlyconstructedones:ChinaOrientalSpaceportinShandongandXiangshanSatelliteLaunchCenterinZhejiang.Howarethelaunchsiteschosen?Severalfactorsaretakenintoconsideration.SitelocationLaunchingaspacecraftshouldconsidertheEarth'srotation(自转).Thelowerthelatitude(纬度),thefastertheEarth'srotation.Ifthesatellite'sorbitisinthesamedirectionastheEarth'srotation,alowerlatitudeaddstothespeedwhenthesatelliteislaunched,leadingtolowerfuelcosts.Expertsclaimthatifasatelliteislaunchedattheequator,wheretheEarth'srotationisthefastest,thefuelusagecanbereducedby5percent.WeatherconditionsImaginelaunchingarocketonastormydaydoesn'tseempossible,doesit?Thesitesrequireastableclimatewithlowtemperaturefluctuations(波动).Ifthelocalclimatevariesdramatically,itismoredifficultforscientiststomonitorthespacecraftandperformexperiments.Astableclimatecouldalsoreducevariationsofexperimentssincetheweatherhaslittleeffectonthetests.Forexample.JiuquanSatelliteLaunchCenterhasperfectweatherconditions.Beingdryandwarm,thesiteissuitableforlaunchesnearly300daysayear.TransportationfactorsAnideallaunchsiteshouldbelocatedinalargespacewithasmallpopulation.Butthelaunchsitecannotbelocatedinthemiddleofnowhere.Launchactivitiesrequireabigamountofmaterial.Therefore,thesiteneedstobecloseenoughtotransportationinfrastructure,suchasports,railsandroads.WenchangSpacecraftLaunchSitewasconstructednearcoastalportswhichallowsaccesstotransportation.1.Accordingtothetext,whereisthemostfuel-efficientplaceforlaunchingsatellites?A.XiangshanSatelliteLaunchCenter.B.WenchangSatelliteLaunchSite.C.XichangSatelliteLaunchCenter.D.TaiyuanSatelliteLaunchCenter.2.WhatmakestheJiuquanSatelliteLaunchCenteranidealplaceforlaunchingsatellites?A.Itliesatarelativelylowlatitude.B.Itiswetandwarmthroughouttheyear.C.Therearecleartemperaturefluctuationsdayandnight.D.Thelocalclimateisnearlysteadyallyearround.3.WhywasWenchangchosenasaSpacecraftLaunchSite?A.Itenjoysaccesstomarinetransportation.B.Itisnearmanyresearchcenters.C.Itcanprovidelaborandnaturalresources.D.Itislocatedinthemiddleofnowhere.BInearlyAugust,HilaryKrieger,now44,wassittinginherparents'Bostonhomewhenherfriendaccidentallysquirted(喷射)himselfwithanorangeslice."Isaid,'Oh,theorangejustorbisculated.'Andhesaid,'Itdidwhat?'"Thetwomadeafive-dollarbet,andHilarygladlygrabbedthefamilydictionarybutfoundtheword"orbisculate"wasnotinit!Hilaryburstintoherdad’sstudyandtoldhimtheshockingnews.Lookingawkward,herfatheradmittedthathehadmadeuptheword"orbisculate"astheactionthathappens"whenyoudigyourspoonintoagrapefruitanditsquirtsjuicedirectlyintoyoureye".Atfirst,Hilarywasmad.Butshequicklycametoseeherdad'smade-upwordasagift.Itspeakstohiscreativityandtheideathat,evenwhensomethingispainfulandannoying,likegettinggrapefruitjuiceinyoureye,youcanlaughandhavefunwithit.Hilary'sfatherNeilKriegerdiedinApril2020,atage78.SincetheKriegerscouldn'thaveaproperfuneral,HilarywhonowlivesinNewYork,spentalotoftimeonthephonetalkingwithfriendsandfamily,andthe"orbisculate"storykeptcomingup."Ibegantothink'orbisculate'issuchagreatword;itshouldbeinthedictionary!"saysHilary.ShecalledheryoungerbrotherJonathan,wholivesinBostonandrunsanonlinecompany.Theirgoalistoputthewordtousepubliclyenoughthatithasachanceofbecomingacceptable.Encouragingpeopletouse"orbisculate"inawidevarietyofcontextswillleaveacompelling(令人信服的)trailofevidenceforlexicographers(词典编纂者)tofollow.IthasbeenmorethantwoyearssinceNeil'sdeathandhischildrenarestillstrugglingfromtheloss.Buttheircampaigntogettheirfather'swordintothedictionaryhashelpedthemwinbackalittleofthejoythathasbeenmissingfromtheirlives."Icouldpicturehimbeingreallyexcited,"Jonathansays."AndnotuntilthatdaydidIknowmyfatherhadcreatedmany'words'thatwewouldn'tseeinthedictionary."4.WhatmadeHilaryfind"orbisculate"doesn'texist?A.Apieceofshockingnews. B.Thelatestdictionary.C.Herfather’sstrangereaction. D.Anaccidentbetweenherfriendandher.5.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeHilary'sfather?A.Strictandstubborn. B.Optimisticandcreative.C.Flexibleandreliable. D.Determinedandhardworking.6.WhendidHilarydecidetogettheword"orbisculate"intothedictionary?A.Afterherfather'sdeath. B.Whenherfathertoldherthetruth.C.Afterherbrother'srequest. D.Aftersheputthewordtousepublicly.7.Whatwillprobablybetalkedaboutinthefollowingpart?A.Hilaryencouragespeopletomakeupmorenewwords.B.TheintroductiontootherwordscreatedbyHilary'sfather.C.ThereplythattheofficialgaveHilaryandherbrother.D.Hilaryandherbrotherwillcontinuetofightfortheirdemand.CNewresearchledbytheUniversityofColoradoBoulderhasfoundtheengineeringsecretsbehindwhatmakesfishfins(鱼鳍)sostrongyetflexible.Theteam’sfindingscouldonedayleadtonewdesignsforairplanewingsthatchangetheirshapewiththepushofabutton.FrancoisBarthelat,seniorauthorofthestudy,notedthatfinscan"dowonders"eventhoughtheydon'tcontainasinglemuscle."Afinismadeofmany'rays',"saidBarthelat."Eachofthoserayscanbecontrolledindividuallyjustlikeyourfingers,butthereare20or30raysineachfin."Barthelatandhiscolleaguesusedarangeofapproaches,includingcomputersimulationsand3D-printedmaterials,todivedeepintothesecretsofthesestructures.Theyreportedthatthekeytofishfinsmaylieintheiruniquedesign.Eachrayinafinismadeupofmultiplesegments(段)ofahardmaterialthatlieontopofmuchsoftercollagen(胶原),makingraystheperfectbalancebetweenflexibilityandstrength.Heandhisteamdecidedtousecomputersimulationstoexaminethemechanicalfunctionsoffins.Theydiscoveredthatthosesegmentscanmakeallthedifference."Pretendforamoment,"Barthelatexplained,"thatfishfinsareentirelymadeupofcollagen.Theycouldbendeasily,butwouldn'tgivefishmuchpullingforceinthewater.Raysmadeupofsolidmaterialswouldhavetheoppositeproblem—they'dbetoohard."Theresearchersfurthertestedthetheorybyusinga3-Dprintertoproducemodelfishfinsmadefromplastic,somewithhinges(铰链)builtinandsomewithout.Theteamfoundthatthesegmenteddesignprovidedbettercombinationsofstrengthandflexibility."Weliketopickupwherethebiologistsandzoologistshaveleftoff,usingourbackgroundinthemechanicsofmaterialstofurtherourunderstandingoftheamazingcharacteristicsofthenaturalworld,"Barthelatsaid.8.Whichofthefollowingcandescribethenewresearchaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A.Beneficial B.Traditional. C.Typical. D.Commercial.9.Whyarefingersmentionedinparagraph2?A.Toshowthenumberofraysinafishfin.B.Toshowraysoffishfinscanworkindividually.C.Toshowtheshapeofraysinfishfins.D.Toshowraysoffishfinscando10.Whathasanimportanteffectonthemechanicalfunctionsoffishfins?A.Theamountofcollagen.B.Thecombinationofhardmaterialsandcollagen.C.Thewaterfishlivein.D.Themuscleinfishfins.11.Whatmayhappeniffishfinsarecompletelymadeofcollagenaccordingtothetext?A.Fishcan'tbend. B.Fishcan'tliveinthewater.C.Fishcan'tkeepbalance. D.Fishcan'tswimfast.DWildlifecrossingsdon'tjustprotectanimals.Theycanalsomitigateproblemsrelatedtowildlife-vehiclecollisions()andsavesignificantmoneyforacommunity.Wildlifecrossingsareman-madestructuresthathelpanimalsmovesafelyaroundtheirhabitat.Theyareoftenpathsunderoroveranotherexistingroadorrailway,orundergroundpassagesforanimalstogetpastforfoodoravoidingattacks.Someanimalsareunabletomigratetosurvive.Peoplestillrelyonhighwaysfbusinessandtravel,andanimalscontinuetohavemobilityneedsforsurvival,though.Whennewroadsarebuilt,animalsliving.Inapartoftheirhabitatcangreatlyincreasethenumberofwildlife-vehiclecollisionswhiletryingtocrossthenewbarriers.Inanewstudy,WisnuSugiartoaWashingtonStateUniversityeconomicsdoctoralstudentsexamineddatafor13ofthe22wildlifecrossings,includingbridgesandunderpasses,intheWashingtonState.Hecomparedthenumberofwildlife-vehiclecollisionseachyearbeforeandaftertheconstructionofawildlifecrossing.Heconsideredtheareawithin10milesofacrossing.Thenhecomparedhisanalysistoaseparateareainthestatewithnocrossingsatall."Thefindingsreportedthatwildlifecrossingstructuresreducedthenumberofwildlife-vehiclecollisionsbyonetothreeaccidentsonaveragepermileperyear,"Sugiartosaid."Therefore,buildingwildlifecrossingstructuresistypicallyanessentialandeffectivestrategytoreducewildlife-vehiclecollisions.""Priortoworkingonthisresearch,Iwasn'tawareofanystrategiestoreducewildlife-vehiclecollisions.Ialsothoughtwecouldn'tdomuchaboutit,partlybecausewewouldn'tbeabletocommunicatewithwildlifeandcontroltheirmovement,"Sugiartoadded."However,itturnsoutthattherearemultiplestrategiestodealwithissuesrelatedtowildlife-vehiclecollisionsandwecandosomethingaboutthem."Itisreportedthatthegovernmenthasinvested$350millionoverfiveyears(ortheconstructionofwildlifecrossings.Everywildlifecrossingoffersameanbenefitofbetween$235,000and$443,000eachyear.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"mitigate"inparagraph1mean?A.Analyze. B.Study. C.Reduce. D.Discover.13.Whatdoesthethirdparagraphmainlytellus?A.Howthewildlifecrossingsarebuilt.B.Whywildlifecrossingsarenecessary.C.Whatshouldbedonetocrosstheroads.D.Wlienwildlife-vehiclecollisionshappen.14.WhatisSugiarto'sattitudetotheconstructionofwildlifecrossings?A.Tolerant. B.Conservative. C.Skeptical. D.Favorable.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.WildlifecrossingssavewildanimalsandmoneyB.ThesizeofwildlifecrossingsaffectsanimalsgreatlyC.EverywildlifecrossinghasagreateffectonroadsafetyD.Wildlifecrossingsmanagetohelpanimalsmigratesafely第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Workoutfads(狂热)comeandgo,butvirtuallynootherexerciseprogramisaslastingasyoga.ItoriginatedfromIndiaandit'sbeenaroundformorethan5,000years.__16______17__Yogadoesmorethanburncaloriesandtonemuscles.It'satotalmind-bodyworkoutthatcombinesstrengtheningandstretchingposeswithdeepbreathingandmeditationorrelaxation.Researchshowsyogacanhelpmanagestress,improvemood,andenhancethequalityofsleep.Inaddition,yogahasbeenshowntoincreaseflexibility,improvebalanceandincreasestrength.___18__Allthesetypes,fromthepeacefulhathatothehigh-intensitypoweryoga,takeyourworkouttoalevelofmind-bodyconnection.Peopleofallagesandfitnesslevelscandothemostbasicyogaposesandstretches.Youcandoyogaanywhere,indoorsorout.You'llneedtouseayogamattokeepyoufromslidingaroundinstandingposes,andtocushionyouwhileinseatedandlyingpositions.___19__Itincludesayogaballforbalance,ayogablockortwo,andstrapstohelpyoureachforyourfeetorlinkyourhandsbehindyourback.EventhoughtherearemanyinstructionalbooksandDVDsonyoga,itiswellworthittoinvestinsomeclasseswithagoodinstructorwhocanshowyouhowtodothepostures.Butifyoudon'tlivenearastudio,oryou'retheon-the-gotypewhostrugglestomaketimeforaregularclass,doingyogaathomecanhelpyoufitthepracticeintoyourlife.___20__Simplychoosethetimeandthelengthofthesessionthatworksforyou,andgetyour"om"onathome.A.Yogaisagreatwaytostrengthenyourbody.B.Otheroptionalequipmentmayalsobeneeded.C.Therearemorethan100differentformsofyoga.D.Nowitisapopularpracticethroughouttheworld.E.Therefore,yogafacilitiesarenecessitiesforyourexercise.F.Yogahaslongbeenpraisedforitsphysicalandspiritualbenefits.G.Youdon'thavetowaitforaspecificclasstimeorcommittoaclass.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。TheKingsportCarousel(旋转木马)hashorses,pigswithwings,andevenadragon.Ithaslaughter21everydayfitforoutings.IftheKingsportCarouselsounds22,that'sbecauseitis.Buttherealwonderishowitcametobe23.ItbeganwithaKingsportresidentGaleJoh.Johwas24fromBinghamton,the"CarouselCapitaloftheWorld",wheremanycarousels25hiscarefreeandjoyousdaysofchildhood.KidsinKingsportshouldknowthe26,hethought.Hetoldtheideatohisfourfriends.They27Joh'senthusiasm.Thoughnoneofthemwere28incarpentry(木匠话),theyweregreatproblem-solvers.They29woodcarvingclassesinChattanooga.Latertheyreturnedasskillful30—abletocarvecarouselstatues.Themenlaunchedtheprojectafter31aplaceastheirworkshop.Then,suddenly,Johpassedaway.His32wouldn'tdiewithhim.Voluntaryartistsandmechanics33,sculpting,paintingandcarving.Next,they'dneedaframe.Wordoftheirefforts34alocalzoo,whichdonatedonequickly.Whenthereisa35,weletourcommunityknowit,andaquick36willcome,"saidBonnieMacdonald,aparticipantoftheproject.Thecarouselwas37aftersevenyears,withthehelpofvolunteersandsponsors.A38ofdeterminationandlove,it'sbecomethehappiestplaceinKingsport."39,we'renotthecarouselcapital,"saidMacdonald."Butwhenitcomestomakingacarousel,wehaveallthe40neededrighthere."21.A.replacing B.filling C.counting D.covering22.A.magic B.distant C.familiar D.unique23.A.proposed B.considered C.built D.described24.A.accidentally B.originally C.naturally D.frequently25.A.changed B.indicated C.followed D.witnessed26.A.truth B.difference C.pleasure D.importance27.A.predicted B.shared C.remembered D.fired28.A.involved B.absorbed C.experienced D.interested29.A.taught B.attended C.offered D.praised30.A.tutors B.artists C.merchants D.carvers31.A.acquiring B.seeking C.joining D.contacting32.A.opinion B.achievement C.routine D.dream33.A.carriedon B.steppedforward C.cameacross D.heldback34.A.reminded B.inspired C.bothered D.reached35.A.barrier B.chance C.favor D.task36.A.answer B.tip C.project D.result37.A.popular B.modern C.common D.ready38.A.reward B.reminder C.symbol D.standard39.A.Eventually B.Surprisingly C.Certainly D.Actually40.A.talents B.adventures C.lessons D.supplies第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白出填入适当的内容(1个)或括号内单词的正确形式。Oneofastronomy'smostwell-knowntelescopes—the305-metre-wideradiotelescopeatArecibo,PuertoRico—isclosingforeveraftertwocables(钢缆)__41___(support)thestructuresuddenlyandcatastrophicallybroke.TheArecibotelescope,whichwasbuiltin1963,wastheworld’slargestradiotelescopefordecadesandhas___42__(history)andmodernimportanceinastronomy.Itwasthesitefromwhichastronomerssentaninterstellarradiomessagein1974,incaseanyextraterrestrials(外星人)mighthearit,and___43__thefirstknownextrasolarplanetwasdiscoveredin1992.NSFofficialsinsistthatthecablefailurescame___44__asurprise.Afterthefirst,engineeringteamsspottedahandfulofbrokenwiresonthesecondcable,whichwasmorecrucialtoholdingupthestructure,buttheydidnotseeitasamajorproblemin___45___theweightitwascarryingwaswellwithinitsdesigncapacity.Someoftheobservatory'sscientificprojectsmay___46__(transfer)tootherfacilities,saidRalphGaume,___47__NSF'sheadofastronomy.Andheexpectsscientiststosuggestwhere___48__(shift)theirresearchto.Sciencedoescontinueat___49__portionsoftheAreciboObservatory,whichincludesmorethanthe305-metredish.Theyincludetwolidarfacilitiesthatshootlasersintotheatmospheretostudyatmospheric___50__(phenomenon).第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的増加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(︿)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Lastweek,mymotherandIflyfromLosAngelestoChicagotocelebrateoursister'sgraduation.Wedecidedtotreatourselvestoanicehotelwhilestayinginacity.Sowecheckedintothishotelafteraroughflightbutwewerenotdisappointed.Itslocationcouldnothavebeenbetteroff,aswewereofferedtheeasiestaccesstoChicago'sculturalandshoppingcenter.Afteralongdayofexploringthecity,weenjoyedafantasticdinnerinthehotel'sdiningroomwhereallowedustooverlookthebeautifulcity.Thewaiterswereunbelievablehelpfulandmadeusfeelverywelcomewithsomefriendlytalks.Thebeefwascookingjustright.IwouldrecommendthishotelanyonetravelinginChicago!第二节书面表达（满分25分）近日，“把戒尺(ferule)还给老师”这一话题在社会上引发了广泛的关注和讨论，你们班就此开展了一次辩论赛。请你给校英文报写一篇文章投稿，介绍此次辩论赛。要点如下：

1.正方观点；

2.反方观点；

3.你的看法。

注意：

1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

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答案以及解析第一部分听力1-5CBBCA6-10BCCAB11-15ACACB16-20ACBAB第二部分阅读理解第一节A1.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据文章Transportationfactors部分的Therefore,thesiteneedstobecloseenoughtotransportationinfrastructure,suchasports,railsandroads.WenchangSpacecraftLaunchSitewasconstructednearcoastalportswhichallowsaccesstotransportation.(因此，该地点需要足够靠近交通基础设施，如港口、铁路和公路。文昌飞船发射场建在沿海港口附近，便于运输。)可知文昌卫星发射场是发射卫星最省油的地方。故选B。2.答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据文章Weatherconditions部分的Astableclimatecouldalsoreducevariationsofexperimentssincetheweatherhaslittleeffectonthetests.Forexample,JiuquanSatelliteLaunchCenterhasperfectweatherconditions.Beingdryandwarm,hesiteissuitableforlaunchesnearly300daysayear.(稳定的气候也可以减少实验的变化，因为天气对测试的影响很小。比如说，酒泉卫星发射中心拥有完美的天气条件。这里干燥温暖，一年有近300天都适合发射。)可知当地全年气候几乎稳定，这使得酒泉卫星发射中心成为发射卫星的理想场所。故选D。3.答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据文章Transportationfactors部分的Therefore,thesiteneedstobecloseenoughtotransportationinfrastructure,suchasports,railsandroads.WenchangSpacecraftLaunchSitewasconstructednearcoastalportswhichallowsaccesstotransportation.(因此，该地点需要足够靠近交通基础设施，如港口、铁路和公路。文昌飞船发射场建在沿海港口附近，便于运输。)可知选择文昌作为航天器发射场是因为它享有海上运输的便利。故选A。B4.答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，因为朋友不小心把橙汁喷在脸上，HilaryKrieger使用“orbisculate”这个词，正是由于这个意外，HilaryKrieger通过查字典发现该词并不存在。5.答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Itspeakstohiscreativity...evenwhensomethingispainfulandannoying,likegettinggrapefruitjuiceinyoureye,youcanlaughandhavefunwithit”可知，Hilary的父亲很乐观，父亲还造了很多在字典上找不到的单词，因此他是有创造性的。6.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第三段内容及第四段中的“‘Ibegantothink‘orbisculate’issuchagreatword;itshouldbeinthedictionary!’saysHilary.”可知，在父亲去世后，Hilary产生了使这个词真正被纳入词典的想法。7.答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“AndnotuntilthatdaydidIknowmyfatherhadcreatedmany‘words’thatwewouldn’tseeinthedictionary.”可知，文章接下来可能会讲述Hilary的父亲编造的其他词。C8.答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第二句Theteam'sfindingscouldonedayleadtonewdesignsforairplanewingsthatchangetheirshapewiththepushofabutton.(研究小组的发现有朝一日可能导致新设计的飞机机翼，改变他们的形状只需按一个按钮。)可知，这项新研究可能会促使飞机机翼新设计的产生，只需按下一个按钮，这种机翼就可以改变形状。由此推断，这项新研究是有益的。A.Beneficial有益的；B.Traditional传统的；C.Typical典型的；D.Commercial商业的。故选A。9.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的Eachofthoserayscanbecontrolledindividuallyjustlikeyourfingers,butthereare20or30raysineachfin.(每条光线都可以像你的手指一样单独控制，但是每条鳍上有20到30条光线。)可知，鱼鳍中的鳍条和人类的手指一样可以单独操控，即独立工作，故第二段中提到手指是为了说明鱼鳍中的鳍条可以独立工作。故选B。10.答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的Eachrayinafinismadeupofmultiplesegments(段)ofahardmaterialthatlieontopofmuchsoftercollagen(胶原)makingraystheperfectbalancebetweenflexibilityandstrength.(鱼鳍中的每一鱼都是由硬质材料的多个部分组成的，这些硬质材料位于更柔软的胶原蛋白之上，使鱼鳍在柔韧性和力量之间达到完美的平衡。)可知，鱼鳍是由较硬的物质和胶原组成的，这使得鱼鳍既有强度又有韧性，对鱼鳍的机械性能有重要影响。故选B。11.答案：D解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第三段前两句Pretendforamoment,"Barthelatexplained,"thatfishfinsareentirelymadeupofcollagen.Theycouldbendeasily,butwouldn'tgivefishmuchpulingforceinthewater.(假设一下，"Barthelat解释说，"鱼鳍完全是由胶原蛋白组成的。它们可以很容易地弯曲，但不会给鱼在水中很大的拉力。)可知，如果鱼鳍完全由胶原构成，鱼鳍在水中不会给鱼带来太大的牵引力。因为鱼是通过鱼鳍的摆动来游泳的，如果鱼鳍在水中不会给鱼带来太大的牵引力，那么鱼就游得很慢。故选D。D12.答案：C解析：词义猜测题。野生动物过境点还可以减少野生动物与车辆碰撞事故的发生。mitigate意为“减轻；缓解”，与“reduce”同义。13.答案：B解析：段落大意题。第三段主要说明了建立野生动物过境点的必要性。14.答案：D解析：推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句可知，Sugiarto对建立野生动物过境点是支持的。15.答案：A解析：主旨大意题。文章第一段点出文章主旨：建立野生动物过境点既能拯救野生动物，也能省钱。第二节答案：16-20DFCBG解析：16.根据前文“瑜伽起源于印度并已经流传了5000多年了”，可知瑜伽运动存在的时间之久，并且现在还是一种流行于全世界的运动，故空缺处选D项(如今的瑜伽运动已在全世界广泛流行)。17.根据空后的句子“瑜伽燃烧的卡路里更多且可以增肌。这是一项全面的身心锻炼，将强身健体和伸展姿势与深呼吸和冥想或放松相结合”，可知此处选A项更符合题意，F项:长期以来，瑜伽因其对身体和精神的益处而受到赞扬。18.根据空后的句子“在所有这些种类中，从安静的哈达瑜伽到高强度的力量瑜伽，让你的锻炼达到身心结合的程度”，可知此处选择C项更符合题意，C项:有100多种不同形式的瑜伽。19.根据空前“你需要一张瑜伽垫来防止你在站立姿势中滑动，并在坐姿和躺姿中起到缓冲作用。”及空后“它包括一个保持平衡的瑜伽球、一两个瑜伽砖和瑜伽绳来帮助你伸手拿你的脚或将你的手放在背后”，可知除了瑜伽垫外，还需要瑜伽球、瑜伽砖和瑜伽绳等其他装备，故此处选择B项更符合题意，B项:也可能还需要其他可供选择的装备。20.根据空后的句子“只要选择你所需课程的时间和长度，便能在家进行瑜伽运动”，可知此处选择G项更符合题意，G项:你不必等一个具体的上课时间或是报名参加课程。注:剩余的E项意为“因此，瑜伽设备对于你的锻炼是必要的。”F项意为“瑜伽因其对身体和精神上的益处，长期以来一直受到称赞。”第二部分语言知识运用第一节21.答案：B解析：根据空后的"everydayfitforoutings"和第三段中的"it'sbecomethehappiestplaceinKingsport"可知，此处表示在金斯波特旋转木马，笑声充满每一个适合出行的日子。replace"代替，取代"；fill"（使）充满，装满，注满，填满"；count"计算（或清点）总数"；cover"掩蔽，遮盖"。22.答案：A解析：根据下文的"Buttherealwonderis"可知，此处表示如果金斯波特旋转木马听起来很神奇，那是因为它确实如此，但真正的奇迹是它是如何被建造的。magic"神奇的，有魔力的"；distant"遥远的，远处的"；unique"独一无二的"。

23.答案：C解析：此处是对下文内容的总结。根据下文的"ItbeganwithaKingsportresidentGaleJoh""Voluntaryartists...carving.Next,they'dneedaframe"等信息可知，这是在讲金斯波特旋转木马的建造（built）过程。24.答案：B解析：Joh原本来自"世界旋转木马之都"宾厄姆顿，那里的很多旋转木马见证了他童年无忧无虑、快乐的日子。originally"原来，起初"。25.答案：D解析：参见上题解析。indicate"表明，标示，显示"；witness"是发生……的地点（或时间、组织等），见证"。26.答案：C解析：根据上文的"hiscarefreeandjoyousdaysofchildhood"可知，Joh想让金斯波特的孩子们体验这种快乐(pleasure)，于是他产生了建造旋转木马的想法。27.答案：B解析：根据下文的"Themenlaunchedtheproject"可知，Joh告诉朋友们这件事后，他的朋友们对此同样充满热情。predict"预言，预料"；share"有同样的感情（或想法、经历等）"；fire"激励，激起热情"。28.答案：C解析：根据上文的"Though"和下文的"theyweregreatproblem-solvers...woodcarvingclasses"可知，他们在木匠活上没有经验。absorbed"被……吸引住，专心致志，全神贯注"；experienced"有经验的，熟练的"。29.答案：B解析：根据下文的"woodcarvingclasses""abletocarvecarouselstatues"可知，他们去查塔努加参加木雕课程。attend"参加，出席，上（学校）"。30.答案：D解析：上文提到在木匠活上没有经验的几人前往查塔努加参加木雕课程，下文提到他们能雕刻旋转木马雕像，故此处应表示他们从查塔努加归来，成了技艺娴熟的雕刻师。carver"雕刻师，雕工"。31.答案：A解析：根据上文的"Themenlaunchedtheproject"可知，在获得一个场地作为工场后，他们发起了这一项目。acquire"获得，得到"；seek"寻求，谋求，争取"。32.答案：D解析：根据上文的"Then,suddenly,Johpassedaway"和下文的"Voluntaryartists...paintingandcarving"可知，虽然Joh去世了，但是他建造旋转木马的梦想(dream)没有随之消逝。33.答案：B解析：根据下文的"sculpting,paintingandcarving""withthehelpofvolunteers"可知，艺术家和机械师们自愿前来帮忙。carryon"继续做，坚持干"；stepforward"主动站出来（帮忙或提供信息），自告奋勇"；comeacross"被理解，被弄懂"；holdback"（使）犹豫，踌躇"。34.答案：D解析：根据下文的"whichdonatedonequickly"可知，他们的努力以及他们需要帮助的消息传到了当地动物园。reach在此处表示"被……看到（或听到）"。35.答案：A解析：根据上文的"Next,they'dneedaframe...donatedonequickly"和下文的"weletourcommunityknowit"可知，当遇到阻碍时，他们让社区知道。barrier"障碍，壁垒"。36.答案：A解