浙江省湖州市市第五高级中学2022年高二英语期末试题含解析

浙江省湖州市市第五高级中学2022年高二英语期末试题含解析一、选择题1.Theshopassistantwasfiredasshewas________ofcheatingcustomers.

A．accused

B．charged

C．scolded

D．blamed参考答案：A2.Thedangerousvirus____inthenextfewweeksinthelaboratorycancausefataldiseases.Astudying

Bstudied

Ctostudy

Dtobestudied参考答案：D略3.________computergames,hedislikeshisstudy.A.Addictedto

B.Headdictedto

C.Hisaddictingto

D.Addictingto

参考答案：A略4.Theteacher,aswellasherthirtystudents,____skatingonthefrozenriverthisafternoon.A.isgoing

B.go

C.goes

D.aregoing参考答案：A5.He________thethingsintheoldcasewhichhewantedtokeep.A.leftaside

B.setaside

C.testedout

D.turnedaround参考答案：B6.Anumberofstudents

goingtowatchthegamestomorrow,butthenumber

stillunknown.A.are;are

B.is;is

C.are;is

D.is;are参考答案：C7.ItwasinZhongshanPark____theymetforthefirsttime_____theyoungcoupletoldustheirunforgettableexperience.A.where;that

B.that;thatC.where;when

D.that;when

参考答案：A8.Thepowertoourregionhasbeen_______bytheheavysnow.

A.cutoff B.cutdown C.cutaway

D.cutup参考答案：A9.

Itisalmostfiveyears______wesaweachotherlasttime.A

before

B

since

C

after

D

when参考答案：B略10.Thegirlis_______togiveussomehelpifasked.A.possible B.likely

C.probably

D.possibly参考答案：B考查形容词。本句使用了sb.belikelytodosth.结构，指“某人很有可能做某事”，likely是形容词，“可能”的意思。possible不用于此结构；probably和possibly都是副词。故选B。11.

sheisoutofajob,Lucyhasbeenconsideringgoingbacktoschool,butshehasn’tdecidedyet.A.Nowthat B.Eventhough C.Nomatterhow D.Exceptthat参考答案：A12.Wefind_______arulethatpeopleinthewestgiveChristmaspresentstotheirsandfriends.A.this

B.that

C.them

D.it参考答案：D32.–Thereisstillacopyofthebookinthelibrary.Willyougoandborrow_____?

--No,I’dratherbuy_______inthebookstore.

A.it;one

B.one;one

C;one;it

D.it;it参考答案：A略14.Somepeoplealwaystakeseriouslythe_______ofthecompleteglobeendinthenearfuture.A.prevention

B.production

C.prediction

D.permission参考答案：C【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：一些人总是把不久后的世界末日的预言很当回事。A.prevention预防；B.production产品，成果；C.prediction预报，预言；D.permission许可。根据常识可知，是世界末日的预言，故选C。15..Thedoctoradvisedhertoeatmorebeanproducts____meatwhichmightbeharmfultoherheart.A.forlackof

B.bymeansof

C.inplaceof

D.infavorof参考答案：C16.Therebeingnowitnessonthespot,thepoliceweredelayedbythe_____ofinformationboutthecrime.A.analysis

B.disappearance

C.absence

D.consideration参考答案：C二、完型填空17.WhenIwasgrowingup,IhadanoldneighborDrGibbs,agooddoctor.WhenDr,Gibbs

wasn't___21___lives,hewasplantingtrees.Hishousecoveredanareaoftenacres,andhislife's___22___wastomakeitaforest.Thegooddoctorhadsomeinterestingtheories___23___plantcareandgrowth.Henever___24___hisnewtrees,whichwentagainsttraditionalpractices.OnceIaskedwhy,hesaidthatwateringplantsdid___25___tothemsothattheirlatergenerationwouldgrowweakerandweaker.Soyouhadtomakethings___26___forthemandremovedthe___27___earlyon.Hetalkedabouthowwateringtreesmadefor___28___roots,andhowtreesthatweren'twateredhadtogrowdeeproots___29___moisture(水分).Hemeantthatdeeprootshadtobe___30___.Forthisreason,he___31___wateredhistrees.DrGibbs___32___acoupleofyearsafterIlefthome.Everynowandagain,Iwalkedbyhishouseandlookedatthe___33___thathehadplantedwhenhewasalive.They’reextremelytallandbig___34___theyhavedeeprootsnow.However,thetreesinmygarden___35___inacoldwindalthoughIhadwateredthemforseveralyears.Itseemsthatsuffering___36___thesetrees,whilecomfortandeasenevercan.Istoodtheredeepin___37___.EverynightbeforeIgotobed,Icheckonmytwosons.MostlyIpraythattheirliveswillbe___38___.ButIthinkthatit’stimeto___39___myprayerbecausenowIknowmychildrenaregoingto___40___hardship.21.A.earning B.making C.saving D.losing22.A.action B.wisdom C.style D.goal23.A.about B.with C.by D.under24.A.planted B.watered C.cut D.harvested25.A.benefit B.good C.harm D.favor26.A.harmful B.tough C.interesting D.comfortable27.A.stronger B.taller C.younger D.weaker28.A.deep B.shallow C.high D.low29.A.insearchof B.infaceof C.infavorof D.inchargeof30.A.cut B.grown C.treasured D.removed31.A.always B.often C.sometimes D.never32.A.ranout B.fellbehind C.turnedup D.passedaway33.A.trees B.roots C.flowers D.seeds34.A.until B.though C.since D.if35.A.trembled B.waved C.danced D.nodded36.A.benefits B.damages C.touches D.attracted37.A.trouble B.thought C.regret D.joy38.A.difficult B.unknown C.easy D.helpless39.A.explain B.prove C.insist D.change40.A.refuse B.face C.forbid D.provide参考答案：21.C

22.D

23.A

24.B

25.C

26.B

27.D

28.B

29.A

30.C

31.D

32.D

33.A

34.C

35.A

36.A

37.B

38.C

39.D

40.B【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的邻居DrGibbs不再从医之后，开始在自家院子种树。但是他种树却很少给树浇水，作者对此感到好奇。询问之后得知树浇的水少它的根才扎得深。多年后作者从中明白了一个道理。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当DrGibbs不再治病救人后，他开始种树。A.earning挣；B.making制作；C.saving救；D.losing丢失。根据hewasplantingtrees可知他不再当医生了，医生得职责是救人，所以也可以说当他不再救人时。故选C项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:他家的房子占地10公顷，他妻子的目标是把它变成森林。A.action行为，动作；B.wisdom智慧；C.style风格；D.goal目标。他的家很大，根据常识可知把家变成森林应该很难实现，所以此处说是妻子的目标，符合逻辑和语境。故选D项。【23题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：关于树的照顾和成长方面这个好医生有他的理论。A.about关于；B.with有；C.by通过；D.under在…下面根据句意可知，此处要用一个表示“关于”的介词，选项里有此意义的介词是about。故选A项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他从来不给刚种的树浇水，这和惯例背道而驰。A.planted种植；B.watered浇水；C.cut

砍；D.harvested收获。根据下文的OnceIaskedwhy,hesaidthatwateringplantsdid___5___tothemsothattheirlatergenerationwouldgrowweakerandweaker.（我问他为什么不给树浇水，他说浇水会让它的后代越来越差）可知，医生是不给树浇水。故选B项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我问他为什么不给树浇水，他说浇水对他们有害，会让它的后代越来越差。A.benefit好处；B.good好处；C.harm害处；D.favor恩惠。根据句中的weakerandweaker可知浇水对树不好。故选C项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以你一定要让条件艰苦，早早的淘汰那些弱者。A.harmful有害的；B.tough困难的，艰苦的；C.interesting有趣的；D.comfortable舒适的。联系上文可知，不给刚种的树浇水，那么树的生长环境就很艰苦。故选B项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以你一定要让条件艰苦，早早的淘汰那些弱者。A.stronger更强壮的；B.taller更高的；C.younger更年轻的；D.weaker更弱的。根据常识优胜劣汰原则可知，因为缺水死掉的是相对来讲更差的树。故选D项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他谈到浇水会让树扎根很浅，不浇水的树会因为寻找水分扎根很深。A.deep深的；B.shallow浅的；C.high高的；D.low低的。根据下文提到的不浇水的树扎根深可知，此处应该是浇水的树扎根浅，两种情况形成对比。故选B项。【29题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：他谈到浇水会让树扎根很浅，不浇水的树会因为寻找水分扎根很深。A.insearchof寻找；B.infaceof面临；C.infavorof赞成；D.inchargeof管理。根据常识可知，树会寻找水分，尤其是没浇水的树。故选A项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说根深的树肯定会受到重视。A.cut砍；B.grown种植；C.treasured珍惜，珍视；D.removed移除。联系生活实际，没有浇水活下来的树肯定少，也就自然会受到珍惜。故选C项。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：因为这个原因，他从来不给树浇水。A.always

总是；B.often常常；C.sometimes有时；D.never绝不。根据前文提到的Henever___4___hisnewtrees（他从不给树浇水）可知此处用never。故选D项。【32题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我离开家后没过几年DrGibbs就去世了。A.ranout用完；B.fellbehind落后；C.turnedup调高，出现；D.passedaway去世。根据下文提到的Iwalkedbyhishouseandlookedatthe___13___thathehadplantedwhenhewasalive.（我路过他家看到他活着时种的那些树）可知，DrGibbs已经去世了。故选D项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我路过他家看到他活着时种的那些树。A.trees树；B.roots根；C.flowers花；D.seeds种子。根据文章大意可知，本文主要讲种树。故选A项。【34题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：他们长得又高又大因为他们的根很深。A.until直到；B.though尽管；C.since因为；D.if如果。联系常识，树长得高大和有很深的根之间是因果关系。故选C项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而我种的树却在寒风中摇曳，尽管我以前给他们浇了好多年水。A.trembled颤抖；B.waved挥舞；C.danced跳舞；D.nodded点头。根据however判断前后句是转折关系，前句提到医生的树高大茂盛，那此处就是作者的树弱不禁风。选项中符合弱不禁风的词是tremble。故选A项。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：似乎遭遇对这些树有益，然而舒适和安逸却不会。A.benefits对…有益；B.damages

损坏；C.touches触摸；D.attracted吸引。联系上文提到的没浇水的树长的高大茂盛可知，逆境对树有益。故选A项。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我站在那儿，陷入了沉思。A.trouble麻烦；B.thought想法；C.regret遗憾；D.joy高兴。根据下文可知，他把种树的理论和自己教育女儿联系在一起，所以此处用陷入沉思符合语境。故选B项。【38题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通常我祈祷她们的生活容易些。A.difficult困难的；B.unknown不出名的；C.easy

容易的；D.helpless无助的。联系实际，作为父母正一般况下都希望孩子生活地好，此处也是讲的一般情况。故选C项。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：此时我要改变我的祈祷了，因为我知道我的孩子即将面临磨难。A.explain解释；B.prove证明；C.insist坚持；D.change改变。最后一段是文章的升华，从种树升华到培养孩子。因为孩子们过得太安逸，怕她们以后弱不禁风，所以要改变方式，就像种树那样。故选D项。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：此时我要改变我的祈祷了因为我知道我的孩子即将面临磨难。A.refuse拒绝；B.face面对；C.forbid禁止；D.provide提供。联系前文作者种树的经历，因为时常浇水树长的不好可知，因为生活条件的优越孩子们肯定会在生活中面临磨难。故选B项。【点睛】完形填空利用复现信息解题语篇复现的信息包括原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、上义词和下义词复现、概括词复现和代词复现等。例如：第11题的答案never是前文Henever___4___hisnewtrees的原词复现；第8题的答案shallow是前文andhowtreesthatweren'twateredhadtogrowdeeproots___9___moisture(水分).中deep的反义复现。第12题的答案passaway是Iwalkedbyhishouseandlookedatthe___13___thathehadplantedwhenhewasalive.中alive的同义复现。三、阅读理解18.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

Therearesomethingshumanscangowithout.Wecanloseakidneyoralung,anarmortwoandstillliveperfectlywell.Butsomefishputustoshame.Theycangetbywithoutstomachs.

Onesuchfishisthestoutlongtom.Thegroupitbelongstocarriesamoreappropriatename:theneedlefish.Allneedlefishlackstomachs.Theirancestorshadthem,butlatertheywerelost.

Thestoutlongtomcanreach1.3metersinlength,andlivesneartheseasurface.Likeallneedlefish,itcanjumpoutofthewatertoescapeitsenemies.Tropicalfishermenaresometimesinjuredbyneedlefish.In1977,a10-year-oldHawaiianboywaskilledwhenaneedlefishjumpedthroughhisbrain.Thelongtomeatssmallerfish.Itteetharenotgoodatcuttingfishintopieces,soitswallowsfishwhole.

RyanDayfromAustraliaandhiscolleagueswantedtoknowhowthelongtomdigestsitsmeatymealswithoutastomach,sotheyransomechemicaltestsaboutthefish.

Day’sresultsshowthatthelongtomcanconsumefoodwithoutthehelpofastomach.Itusesaspecialmaterialcalledtrypsinthatcanbreakdownproteinswithoutacid—althoughtheapproachislessefficientthanusingastomach.

Becauseit’sameat-eatinganimal,thelongtomgetsalotofproteininitsfood,soitcanaffordthisslightlylessefficientsystemforabsorbingit.Twoplant-eatingfishthatDaystudiesactuallyhadhigherlevelsoftrypsinintheirbody,astheirfoodwaslowinprotein.

Daythinksthatthelongtomanditsstomachlesssmightactuallyhavearrivedatanenergy-savingsolution.Hesaysthatalthoughthestomachiscriticaltomanykindsofanimal,theorganis“afairlyexpensiveorgantorun”.Thisperhapsexplainswhysomeanimalshavegotridoftheirs.59.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“getby”mean?

A.Recover.

B.Fight.

C.Hunt.

D.Live.60.RyanDayranthechemicaltestsinordertofindouthowthelongtom______.

A.catchessmallerfishinthewater

B.digeststhesmallerfishinitsbody

C.canjumpsohightoescapeitsenemies

D.usesacidtobreakdowntheprotein61.Whatplaysakeyroleinthelongtom’sdigestionprocess?

A.Trypsin.

B.Acid

C.Thestomach.

D.Proteininitsbody.62.RyanDay’sresultsshowthat______.

A.thelongtomcanmakeacideasilyB.thelongtomoftenwasteenergy

C.thelongtom’shigh-proteinfoodhelpsitsuniquewayofconsumingfood.

D.meat–eatingfishhavehigherlevelsoftrypsinintheirbodiesthanplant-eatingfish参考答案：DBAC19.Howcanyoufindoutwhatisgoingoninsideaperson'sbodywithoutopeningthepatientsbodyup?RegularX-rayscanshowalot.CATscanscanshowevenmore.Theycangiveacompleteviewofbodyorgans.WhatisaCATscan?CATstandsforakindofmachine.ItisaspecialX-raymachinethatgetsa360-degreepictureofasmallareaofapatient'sbody.DoctorsuseX-raystostudyanddeterminediseasesandinjurieswithinthebody.X-rayscanfindaforeignobjectinsidethebodyortakepicturesofsomeinsideorganstobeX-rayed.ACATscanner，however，usesagroupofX-raystogiveacross-sectional(横截面)viewofaspecificpartofthebody.AfinegroupofX-raysisscannedacrossthebodyandaroundthepatientfrommanydifferentdirections.Acomputerstudiestheinformationfromeachdirectionandproducesaclearcross-sectionalpictureonascreen.Thispictureisthenphoto-graphedforlateruse.Severalcrosssections,takenoneafteranother，cangiveclear“photos”oftheentirebodyorofanybodyorgans.ThelatestCATscannerscanevengiveclearpicturesofactive，movingorgans，justasafast-actioncameracan“stoptheaction”，givingclearpicturesofwhatappearsuncleartotheeye.Andbecauseofthe360-degreepictures,CATscansshowclearandcompleteviewsoforgansinamannerthatwasonceonlyshownduringoperationorexaminationofadeadpatient.FrequentappearancebeforeX-rayscancauseskinburns,cancerorotherdamagetothebody.YetCATscansactuallydon'tcausethepatienttomoreradiationthanregularX-raysdo.CATscanscanalsobedonewithoutgettingsomethingharmfulintothepatient,sotheyarelessriskythanregularX-rays.CATscansprovideexact,detailedinformation.Theycanquicklyfindsuchathingasbleedinginsidethebrain.Theyarehelpingtosavelives.根据短文内容，选择最佳答案，并将选定答案的字母标号填在题前括号内。(1)Theunderlinedwords“aforeignobject”inParagraph3mostprobablyreferto

.A、abadlyinjuredpartinsidethebodyB、anewthingthatisunknowntothedoctorC、astrangecellthathasgrowninthebodyD、athingthatgetsinsidethebodybychance(2)WhatisthespecialuseofthelatestCATscanners?A、Itcantakepicturesofinsideorgans.B、Itprovidesclearphotosofmovingorgans.C、Itwon'tcauseseriousskinbums,cancerorotherdamagetothebody.D、Ithelpstofindoutillnessinsideaperson'sbodywithoutopeningitup.(3)Whatcanweinferfromthistext?A、PatientsinfrontofCATmaysufferabitofradiation,B、Doctorsneednoopening-upofthebodywithCATscanners.C、CATscannersaremoreexpensivethanregularX-raymachines.D、CATscannerscantakephotosofeitherthewholebodyorapartofit.(4)Whatcanbethebesttitleofthistext?A、ThenewestmedicalinventionB、AspecialX-raymachinetosaveliv