英语词语重音教学实用方法

关于英语词语重音教学实用方法第1页，讲稿共35页，2023年5月2日，星期三201306072Themostimportantsyllableinawordisthestressedsyllable,theprimarycueforidentifyingtheword.Wordstress:communicativelyimportantandteachableWordstress:bridgingthecontinuumbetweensegmentalsandsuprasegmentalsEnglishPronunciationinCommunicationstartsfromthelearningofstress(SeeUnit1)WordStressinEnglish第2页，讲稿共35页，2023年5月2日，星期三201306073

1.LevelsofStressinEnglishWords

Stressedsyllable:Unstressedsyllableprimarystressmajorstressheavystressstressedsyllable

Secondary/minorstress第3页，讲稿共35页，2023年5月2日，星期三201306074Stressedandunstressedsyllablescanbedistinguishedbydifferencesinlength,pitch,loudness,orvowelquality.Englishmakesuseofallthesedistinctions.第4页，讲稿共35页，2023年5月2日，星期三201306075CharacteristicsoflevelsofstressinEnglishwordsPrimary/heavystress:TElephone第5页，讲稿共35页，2023年5月2日，星期三201306076

2.StressPlacementinEnglishWords

Misplacedstress—canmakeawordunrecognizableandcompletelydisruptthespeaker’smessageTherulesforEnglishstressplacementarecomplexbecauseEnglishhasborrowedmanywordsfromotherlanguages.Therearesomegeneral,teachableprincipleswhichhelpstudentsatalllevelstopredictthestressedsyllable.第6页，讲稿共35页，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060773.NotationsforStressandSyllables第7页，讲稿共35页，2023年5月2日，星期三201306078

4.StudentProblemswithWordStress

TwogeneraldifficultiesHowdifferentlevelsofwordstressarerealizedinEnglishWhichsyllabletostressinaword第8页，讲稿共35页，2023年5月2日，星期三201306079

5.TipsforTeachingWordStresswithExercisesandActivities

Showthedifferencebetweenstressedandunstressedsyllables.Presentsetsofwordswiththesamestresspatterns.Emphasizethelengthofstressedvowels.Pointoutvowelreductioninunstressedsyllables.Teachclassesofwordsthathavepredictablestresspatterns.第9页，讲稿共35页，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060710PrimaryStressVowelswithprimarystressarelongerandlouderthanunstressedvowels.Incitationform,thestressedvowelisalsopronouncedonahigherpitch,Inconnectedspeech,highpitchmaybedown-steppediftheworddoesnotpresentimportantinformation.ThelongdurationofEnglishstressedvowelsisunfamiliartoChineseEFLlearners,andtherefore,needsspecialattention.SpecificFeaturesofWordStress第10页，讲稿共35页，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060711 PrimaryStress UnstressedSyllablesandVowelReduction SecondaryStress StresswithTwo-SyllableNounsandVerbs StresswithCompounds StresswithVerbsandNounswithPrepositionalPrefixes Abbreviations StresswithSuffixes MoreonUnstressedSyllables StressSwitchingSpecificFeaturesofWordStress第11页，讲稿共35页，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060712Native-Englishspeakers’stressedsyllableswereaboutfourtimeslongerthantheirunstressedsyllables,alargedifference.High-proficiencyChinesespeakersofEnglishshowedthesameratioasthenativespeakers,butintermediatelearners’stressedandunstressedsyllablesdidnotdiffergreatlyinlength.Lengthofstressedsyllablesislearnedgradually.第12页，讲稿共35页，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060713ASyllable

bananaba

NAAAA

na(short) (long) (short)第13页，讲稿共35页，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060714FarFartherPhonePhoto第14页，讲稿共35页，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060715Listening:Correctstressisimportant.InwordswithtwoormoresyllablesinEnglish,oneofthesyllableswillreceivemorestressthantheothers.Lookupthesewordsinthedictionaryandyouwillseeamarkindicatingstressinfrontofthissyllable.Peopleoftenhavedifficultyunderstandingthesewordsifthestressiswrongbecauseawordisconsideredmispronouncedifthewrongsyllablestressisused.Correctstressis,therefore,asimportantascorrectsounds.第15页，讲稿共35页，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060716WordsNumberofsyllables1.receive ()2.dictionary ()3. understanding ()4. because ()5. considered ()6. mispronounced ()7. correct ()8. important ()第16页，讲稿共35页，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060717Underlinetheprimarystressofeachword.

1.

blueprint2.

driveway3.

motorboat4.

textbook5.

beefsteak6.

notebook7.

greenhouse8.

forestfire9.

Football10. paperback

第17页，讲稿共35页，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060718MonthsoftheYearAskstudents:WhichwordshaveastresspatternlikeSeptember?(answer:October,November,December)WhichwordhasastresspatternlikeJanuary?

(answer:February)WhichwordshaveastresspatternlikeApril?

(answer:August,Winter,Summer,Autumn)HowmanywordshaveastresspatternlikeJuly?

(answer:justJuly)Whichwordshaveonlyonesyllable?(answer:March,May,June,Spring,Fall)第18页，讲稿共35页，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060719Pairwork:ActivityforthepracticeofwordstressShoulderSeasonThecostoftravelingdependsonwhenyoutraveland‘whereyoutravel.High.seasonisthemostexpensivetimetotravel.Lowseasonistheleastexpensivetimetotravel.Shoulderseasonisinbetween.Ifyoudon’twanttospendalotofmoney,shoulderseasonisthebesttimetotravel.Airfaresandhotelsarenotsoexpensive,theweatherisnotusuallytoohotortoocold.Forexample,ifyou’rePlanningatripfromBeijingtoJapan,theshoulderseasonisinwinter.Nowaskyourpartnerandfindouttheshoulderseasonforyourtrip.Thereplycanbeanyofthefollowingdependingonwhatyouknowaboutthecountrymentioned:A.______istheshoulderseason.B.Ithink______istheshoulderseason.C.Ihavenoideareally,but______shouldbetheshoulderseason.D.…第19页，讲稿共35页，2023年5月2日，星期三20130607201.I’mplanningatriptoSouthAfrica.Whenistheshoulderseason? a.JanuarytoApril. c.OctoberandNovember. b.Summer. d.Winter.2.I’mplanningatriptoAustralia.Whenistheshoulderseason? a.Summer. c.Spring. b.MaytoJuly. d.October.3.I’mplanningatriptoTurkey.Whenistheshoulderseason? a.Winter. c.JulyandAugust. b.March. d.Fall.4.I’mplanningatriptoRiodeJaneiroinBrazil.Whenistheshoulderseason? a.February. c.Summer. b.Winter. d.SeptembertoDecember.5.I’mplanningatriptoItaly.Whenistheshoulderseason? a.Summer. c.JuneandJuly. b.Fall. d.JanuarytoMarch.6.I’mplanningatriptoMexico.Whenistheshoulderseason? a.JuneandJuly. c.Fall. b.FebruarytoApril. d.Winter.7.I’mplanningatriptoKenya.Whenistheshoulderseason? a.Spring. c.JunetoSeptember. b.FebruaryandMarch. d.Winter.8.I’mplanningatriptoCostaRica.Whenistheshoulderseason? a.Summer. c.Winter. b.JulyandAugust. d.Mid-Octobertomid-December.第20页，讲稿共35页，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060721UnstressedSyllablesandVowelReduction

Unstressedvowelsareshorter,softer,andpronouncedatalowerpitchthanstressedvowels.Mostvowelsinunstressedsyllablesarereducedtoacentralizedvowel,usually/ә/ItisdifficulttospeakEnglishatanaturalspeedwithoutreducingeitherthelengthorqualityofunstressedvowels.第21页，讲稿共35页，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060722ListeningExercise–

thereducedvowels1. fort comfort2. lace necklace3. romanceRoman4. localitylocalism5. rite favourite6. table comfortable7. ward forward8. fort effort9. cable educable10 late chocolate11 progressproduction12 profit pronounce13 necessitynecessary14 protest(n.)protest(v.)15 valid validity16 label profitable17 man Englishman18 prefer preference19 photo photography20 full handful第22页，讲稿共35页，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060723

Stresspatternsofwordsandwordgroups

U08分练习录音\09.mp3rainforestsrichestfascinatingareascountriesintheworldCentralandSouthAmericaSoutheastAsiatheearth’ssurfaceplantandanimalsanimalspeciescontribute第23页，讲稿共35页，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060724Vowelsinunstressedsyllablesarereducedtoacentralizedvowel第24页，讲稿共35页，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060725ListeningExercise–

thestressincompoundnounsbathroomdaylightbaseballclassroompopcorndrugstorenotebookairportflashlightchalkboardbookcasetoothpastebusstopnewspapersunglassesgrandfatherteenagertenniscourttrafficlightbasketball第25页，讲稿共35页，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060726SecondaryStress

Secondarystressoccursonthesecondwordofcompounds:airpotPolysyllabicwordswithprimarystresstowardtheendofthewordoftenhavesecondarystresstwosyllablesinfrontoftheprimarystress:contribution

第26页，讲稿共35页，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060727Pairwork:Whichcamefirst?

cellphones–iPods

computergames–Websites·YouTube—search

conferencecalls—webcamslaptops–desktops

hearttransplants—livertransplantse-mail–podcasts

harddrives–flashdrivesfingerprinting—bloodtyping

第27页，讲稿共35页，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060728Abbreviations

Thelastletterofanabbreviationhasheavieststress:第28页，讲稿共35页，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060729MoreonUnstressedSyllables

Nativespeakersdropinternalunstressedvowelsinsomecommonwords:awfully (awfly)beverage (bevrage)deliberate(adjective) (delibrate)different (diffrent)elementary (elementry)*family (famly)favorite,favorable (favrite,favrable)federal (fedral)miserable (misrable)restaurant (restrant)Thedroppedvowelisoftenfollowedby/r/or/l/.第29页，讲稿共35页，2023年5月2日，星期三2013060730

ThewordsbelowareonesinwhichmyChineseinternationalteachingassistants(ITAs)frequentlydropsyllables.

--LindaLane

article—pronouncedlike“a(r)tkod)”classical—pronouncedlike“clasko(l)”economics—pronouncedlike“ecnomics”exercise—pronouncedlike“excise”energy—pronouncedlike“engy”technological—pronouncedlike“tech(n)log