中国文化专有名词英汉解读

中国文化专有名词翻译除夕ChineseNewYear’sEve八卦EightTrigram风水fengshui/geomancy华表cloudpillar;Ornamentalcolumn还愿redeemawish兼爱discriminatelove礼制ethicalcodes农历Chineselunarcalendar谥号templetitle气节moralintegrity姻缘prefixedfateofmarriage五经FiveClassics中和harmony《国策》DiscoursesoftheStates《史记》RecordsoftheHistorian《离骚》SorrowafterDeparture《左传》TheSpringandAutumnAnnals八股文eight-legged;officialstereotypedwriting本命年one’sanimalyear道德观moraloutlook端午节DragonBoatFestival翰林院ImperialAcademy和为贵harmonyismostprecious礼之本essenceoftherites年夜饭familyreuniondinner仁之本thefoundationofharmony文化界culturalcircles孝与敬filialpietyandreverence压岁钱redenvelope/moneygiventochildrenasalunarNewYeargift中山装Chinesetunicsuit/Maosuit重阳节theDoubleNinthFestival道德经>>TaoTeChing/ClassicoftheWayofVirtue《弟子规》DisciplesRegulation《百家姓》PamphletofChineseSurnames/Bookof(China’s)FamilyNames《战国策》StrategiesoftheWarringStates道德修养moralself-cultivation道法自然Taomodelsitselfafternature博大精深broadandprofound出土文物unearthedrelics传统美德traditionalvirtues传统文化traditionalculture风土人情localconditionsandcustoms刚柔并济combinationofsoftnessandhardness和谐文化harmoniousculture厚德载物greatvirtuepromotesgrowth皇城根儿thefootoftheimperialcity精神文明spiritualcivilization;advancedcultureandethics敬老慈幼respecttheoldandlovetheyoung孔孟之道Confucius-Menciusdoctrines孔子学院ConfuciusInstitute礼乐文化ritesandmusicculture礼仪之邦alandofceremonyanddecorum礼义廉耻Courtesy,Justice,IntegrityandSenseofShame龙的传人thegenerationofdragon民本思想populistideas民间文化folkculture民俗庙会templefairoffolkcustom民族文化nationalculture民族自豪nationalpride墨家学派theMohistschool内外兼修wholecare隋唐佛学TheBuddhistphilosophyduringSuiandTangdynasties天干地支HeavenlyStemsandEarthyBranches天人合一unityofmanandnature天下为公theworldorcountryforall文化宝藏culturaltreasures文化产业culturalindustry农耕文化farmingculture善养浩气skillfulinnourishingvirtualforce慎言敏行diligentindutiesandcarefulinspeech十二生肖ChineseZodiac思维方式thewayofthinking文化创新culturalinnovation文化事业culturalundertakings文化视点culturalperspective文化需求culturalneeds文化摇篮cradleofculture文化遗迹culturalrelics文化重建culturalreconstruction文化自觉culturalawareness无为而治lettingnaturetakeitsowncourse/governbynoninterference乡土文化nativeculture炎黄子孙aChinesedescendant/theChinesenation以德行仁practicehumanitywithvirtue源远流长havealonghistory中国意识Chineseness中国元素China’selements中庸之道doctrineofthemean二十四节气24solarterms民间工艺品foldartsandcrafts文化多样性culturaldiversification文化软实力culturalsoftpower传统文化知识traditionalculturalknow-how对外文化贸易internationalculturaltrade思想道德建设raiseideologicalandethicalstandards《四库全书》CompleteWorksofChineseClassics文化产业基地culturalindustrialbase文化传播渠道channelsofculturaltransmission文化创意产业culturalcreativeindustry文化体制改革reformofculturaladministrativesystem;culturalrestructuring骨干文化企业leading/keyculturalenterprises文化资源整合 integrationofculturalresources新兴文化业态emergingculturalformats改造落后的文化transformthebackwardculture世界文化遗产地worldculturalheritagesite弘扬民族优秀文化advanceandenrichthefineculturalheritageofthenation文化下乡长效机制long-termmechanismfordevelopingcultureinruralareas重大文化产业项目majorculturalindustrialprojects国家一类文物保护单位culturalrelics(units)underfirst-gradestateprotection政治accesstoinformationandpoliticalparticipation信息流通和参与政治的机会anti-povertyfunds扶贫基金bedrockofsecurityandstability安全与稳定的基础blanketballot全面选举bluestates蓝州（支持民主党的州）CapitolBuilding国会大厦cashcontribution现金捐款castingvote决定性一票civilservantsfrenzy公务员热clusterbomb集束炸弹coalitiongovernment联合政府ColdWarmentality冷战思维coreprinciples核心原则cultofpersonality个人崇拜denuclearizationoftheKoreanPeninsula朝鲜半岛无核化dissolutionofparliament解散国会dividedgovernment分治的政府draftresolution决议草案electionpromises竞选诺言electivegovernment民选政府electoralcollege选举团electoralmap选举地图escalationofwar战争升级exiledregime(government-in-exile)流亡政府extinguishmentofnationaldebt清偿国债extremepoverty极端贫困favorabilityrate支持率fence-sittingnations持中立态度的国家firstexecutiveoffice最高行政长官freedomsofexpressionandworship言论和信仰的自由fullsurrender无条件投降（书）gendergap性别差异growthofmultilateralorganizations多边组织的发展hardmoney/softmoney硬钱/软钱haveapositive,constructiveandcomprehensiverelationship有着积极、建设性、全面的关系HomelandSecurityDepartment国土安全部inaugurationaddress就职演说intelligenceofficers情报人员intercontinentalballisticmissile洲际弹道导弹interioradministration内政interiorminister内政部长landlockedcountry内陆国家lawenforcementpersonnel执法人员lethalarms致命武器matchingfunds对等资金militaryexpansion军备扩张modelofgovernment政府模式money-orientedpolitics金钱政治non-intervention不干涉nonproliferationdrive防止核扩散运动normalizationwithneighbors同邻国实现关系正常化notionofsovereignty主权观念NuclearNon-ProliferationTreaty《不扩散核武器条约》nuclearproliferation核扩散Nuclearstockpiles核库存oath-takingceremony宣誓仪式officialassistance官方援助Oppositionparty反对党parliamentaryspeech国会学说partygovernment政党政府partyinoffice/rulingparty执政党partyoutofoffice在野党partyprogram党纲peacefultransferofauthority权力的和平过渡peace-keepingoperation维和行动pluralityrule简单多数原则politicalandeconomicintegration政治经济一体化politicalcomplexion政治色彩politicalindependence政治独立politicalparticipation参政议政politicalposturing政治姿态politicalstringsattached附加政治条件pragmaticcooperation具有实效的合作President-elect总统当选人presidentialelection总统选举pro-democracymovement民主运动protestvote抗议票provisionalgovernment临时政府publicdebt公债publicfunding公共资助puppetregime傀儡政权racialdivisions种族分划radicalgroup激进组织raisingmoney筹款软环境softenvironment保监会ChinaInsuranceRegulatoryCommission标本兼治addressboththesymptomsandtherootcausesoftheproblem博采众长drawonothers’successfulexperience长治久安long-termstability常务委员memberofastandingcommittee创新体系aninnovationsystem垂直管理verticalmanagement反腐倡廉anti-corruptionbid反贪法规anti-corruptionlegislation港人治港thepeopleofHongKongadministerHongKong高度自治ahighdegreeofautonomy公平分配fairdistribution国防预算defensebudget国际责任internationalresponsibilities/liabilities和谐社会aharmonioussociety宏观调控macrocontrol基层监督grassrootssupervision减员增效downsizethestafftoimproveefficiency解放思想emancipatepeople’sminds就业问题employmentproblem开放兼容openandreceptive抗洪救灾 fightfloodsandproviderelief廉政准则 codeofethics两岸关系 cross-straitsrelations民主监督 democraticsupervision民主权利 democraticrights民主协商 democraticconsultation民族地区 regionsinhabitedbyethnicgroups试点项目 pilotproject 司法公正judicialjustice体制创新 institutionalinnovation社会监管 socialsupervision人民团体 massorganizations失职渎职 derelictionofduty;neglectofone ’sduties西电东送transmissionofelectricityfromthewesterntotheeasternregion小康社会amoderatelyprosperoussociety养老保险old-agesecuritysystem依法治国 runthecountryaccordingtolaw以人为本 putpeoplefirst与时俱进 advancewiththetimes增收节支 increaserevenueandcutgovernmentexpenditures征地拆迁landexpropriation,housingdemolitionandresidentrelocation转变职能transformgovernmentfunctions自主创新independentinnovation综合国力 overallnationalstrength政企分开separatefunctionsofthegovernmentfromthoseofenterprises政务透明administrativetransparency邓小平理论 DengXiaopingTheory分配货币化 distributionofmoney服务型政府 service-orientedgovernment负责任政府 responsiblegovernment科学发展观 scientificoutlookondevelopment宪法修正案 amendmentstotheConstitution最大的效益 thebestpossibleresults防灾减灾能力ourabilitytopreventandmitigatenaturaldisasters风险防范机制riskpreventionmechanism和平统一大业 greatcauseofpeacefulreunification科教兴国战略 thestrategyofinvigoratingChinathroughthedevelopmentofscienceandeducation科学技术进步基础设施建设零基预算制度年度国家预算全国各族人民全国人大代表全国政协委员社会公共需要退休金双轨制

scientificandtechnologicalprogressconstructionofinfrastructurefacilitiesazero-basebudgetingsystemannualstatebudgetpeopleofallourethnicgroupsdeputytotheNationalPeople’sCongressmemberofthenationalcommitteeoftheCPPCCsocialneedsdualpensionscheme 政府工作报告reportontheworkofthegovernment政府机构改革reformofgovernmentinstitutions政治体制改革politicalrestructuring维护祖国统一safeguardnationalunity严肃追究责任strengthenadministrativeaccountability依法行政意识considerationtocarryingouttheirofficialdutiesinaccordancewiththelaw执行力和公信力executiveabilityandgreaterpublictrust中共中央委员会CPCCentralCommittee爱好和平的国家apeace-lovingcountry按劳分配为主体distributionaccordingtoworkremainsdominant城镇登记失业率registeredunemploymentrateincitiesandtowns低水平重复建设low-levelredundantdevelopment可持续发展战略thestrategyofsustainabledevelopment西部大开发战略thestrategyofdevelopingthewesternregion再就业下岗人员re-employmentoflaid-offworker解放和发展生产力releaseanddevelopproductiveforces城镇社会保障体系urbansocialsecuritysystem城镇住房制度改革reformoftheurbanhousingsystem促进社会和谐稳定promotesocialharmonyandstability打击取缔非法收入crackdownonandbanillegalincome服从全局、服务全局besubordinatedtoandservetheoverallinterestsofthecountry肝胆相照、荣辱与共treateachotherwithallsincerityandsharewealandwoe公共服务和社会管理publicservicesandadministration合理的收入分配制度rationalincomedistributionsystem和衷共济、团结奋斗concertedandstrenuousefforts经济繁荣和社会进步economicprosperityandsocialprogress经济平稳较快发展steadyandrapideconomicdevelopment全国人民代表大会NationalPeople’sCongress(NPC)社会主义法治国家 socialistcountryundertheruleoflaw食品药品质量监管oversightandsupervisionoffoodanddrugquality推进事业单位改革pushforwardthereformofinstitutions维护社会公平正义safeguardsocialfairnessandjustice中华民族的无疆大爱 boundlessloveoftheChinesenation中央纪律检查委员会 CentralCommissionforDisciplineInspection政府促进就业的责任 responsibilityofthegovernmentforstimulatingemployment《中美三个联合公报》“三个代表”重要思想

TheThreeSino-U.S.JointCommuniquéséstheimportantthoughtofThreeRepresents对人民高度负责的态度maintainahighsenseofresponsibilitytopeople扭转收入差距扩大的趋势reversethewideningincomegap旗帜鲜明地反对民族分裂全国人民代表大会主席团

takeaclear-cutstandagainstattemptstosplitthenationNPCPresidium日益增长的物质文化需求 growingmaterialandculturalneeds社会主义制度的无比优越 incomparablesuperiorityofthesocialistsystem中国共产党全国代表大会 theNationalCongressoftheCommunistPartyofChina(CPC)依法行政、公正严明的法治政府 agovernmentthatrespectslegalsystemandrulesstrictlyandimpartial突发公共安全事件应急处理机制 mechanismsfor responding toemergencies that threatenpublicsafety选举权、知情权、参与权、表达权和监督权rightstovoteandtostayinformedabout,participatein,expressviewson,andoverseegovernmentaffairs1.微博Microblog/Microbloggingmicrologging上海世博会ShanghaiWorldExpo人造生命Artificiallife超级细菌Supergerm(s)5.曹操墓 CaoCao'smausoleum( 网上是 tomb不过我感觉这个 mausoleum陵墓更好一些)6.蜱虫tick7.嫦娥二号ChangEⅡ8.千年极寒MillenniumArctic9.反物质Anti-matter10.维基解密WikiLeaks经济accumulatedearnings积累收益acirculareconomy循环经济aconvenientmethodofpayment方便的付款方式aneconomicboom经济兴旺aneconomicdepression(slump,recession)经济萎缩aneconomictakeoff经济起飞anti-dumpingmeasures反倾销措施assetsdepreciationrange资产折旧幅度balancethetwo-waytrade保持双边贸易的平衡bonded/freetradearea保税区bondedwarehouse保税仓库bottleneckrestrictions瓶颈制约breakregionalblockadesandtrademonopolies打破地区封锁和待业垄断capitalmarket资本市场cargohandlingcapacity货物吞吐量commission/brokerage佣金commodityeconomy商品经济confessional/favorableterms优惠条件costandbenefitanalysis成本收益分析cost-of-livingindex生活费指数cross-bordertakeover跨国并购currencydepreciation/appreciation通货贬值/升值currentaccountbalancesheet流动资产负债表currentassetlossesinsuspense待处理流动资产损失currentdebtratio流动负债比率currentfundemploymentrate流动资金占有率currentliability流动负债currenttangibleassets有形流动资产domesticfunds国内配套资金earningcapacity盈利能力E-commerce/E-business电子商务economicaggregate经济总量economicefficiency经济效益economicgrowthpoint经济增长点economicindicators经济指标economicmeasure经济手段economicstrength经济实力economyofscale规模经济efficiencyinoperation经营效率emergingmarketeconomy新兴市场经济equitycapitaltransaction产权资本转让equityearnings参股收益；股本盈利equityinvestment股本投资equityownership资本所有权excessiveconsumption超前消费export-oriented/outward-lookingeconomy外向型经济是extensive/intensiveoperation粗放/集约经营fairtradingpractice公平贸易行为financingchannels融资渠道fixed-assetsaccounting固定资产核算fluctuateinlinewithmarketconditions随行就市foreignexchange-earningenterprise创汇型企业foreignexchangemarket外汇市场foreigninvestmentinactualuse实际利用外资generalretailpriceindex社会零售物价总指数generouspensionandhealthcareplans优厚的养老金和医疗卫生保障greenpower财力；金钱grossforeignexportvalue外贸出口总额grossoutputvalueofindustryandagriculture工农业总产值guidanceplan指导性计划2-houreconomiczone两小时经济圈import/exportquota进出口配额inaperiodoftransition在过渡时期incometaxreturn所得税申报表incometonetworthratio净值收益率industrialpolicy产业政策industrialredeployment/relocation产业转移inflation-proofbanksavings保值储蓄investmentinfixedassets固定资产投资investmentportfolio投资组合invisibletrade无形贸易ironcladjobprotection铁饭碗knowledgeeconomy知识经济letterspatent/certificateofpatent专利证书low-profitera微利时代macro-economiccontrol宏观调控maintenanceofvalue保值majorityshareholding占有多数股权managerialdecision-makingprocess管理决策程序managerialknow-how管理专门知识mandatoryplan指令性计划marginsdesired期望的毛利marketdemandprice市场需求价格marketingchannel销售渠道，市场渠道marketregulation市场调节marketvaluemethod市价法medium-sizedenterprise中型企业merchandiseinventory商品库存mildinflation温和通货膨胀negativegrowth负增长non-corebusiness非主营业务non-performingloan不良贷款outbound/overseasinvestment海外投资petrolchemistry石油化工propertyrightmarket产权市场publicfinancingrate财政purchasingpowerparity购买力平价法qualitativeanalysis定性分析qualityguarantee质量保证quantitativeanalysis定量分析rateofreturnonequity股本收益率riskinvestment/venturecapital风险投资seller’smarket卖方市场socialbenefits/returns社会效益start-upcompany新兴企业staterevenue财政收入sub-primecrisis次贷危机taxreductionandexemption减免税收theglobalizationofcapital资本的全球化theGreatDepression经济大萧条TheInternetofThings物联网thelawofdemand/supply需求/供应定律thelinkagesystembetweentheUSdollarandtheHKdollar港币的联系汇率制theprimary/secondary/tertiaryindustry(theservicesector)第一/第二/第三产业therealeconomy实体经济thesub-primemortgagemarket房产次贷抵押市场tightenthemoneysupply紧缩银根totalvolumeofretailsalesofconsumergoods社会消费品零售总额totalvolumeofretailsales社会商品零售总额tradebarrier贸易障碍trademarkregistration商标注册secondkill秒杀潮流单品trendyitems哈伦裤HaremtrousersT台catwalk连体裤jumpsuits角斗士凉鞋Gladiatorsandals拜金女materialgirls钟摆族pendulumclan暴跌nosedive（Todaythestockmarkettookanosedive.）伪娘cross-dressingmale预约券reservationticket下午茶hightea铁公鸡，小气鬼cheapskate宿醉hangover微博Microblog裸婚nakedwedding亚健康sub-health平角裤boxers愤青youngcynic网络钓鱼phishing跑腿runerrands恩爱夫妻DarbyandJoan急性子shortfuse第二把手playthesecondfiddle恶搞spoof相亲blinddate灵魂伴侣soulmate小白脸toyboy精神出轨 soulinfidelity浪女dillydally girl/leftgirls

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