2022年山东省莱芜市莱城区莱新中学高二英语上学期期末试题含解析

2022年山东省莱芜市莱城区莱新中学高二英语上学期期末试题含解析一、选择题1.Inmoderneducation,Ithink,studentsshouldbeinvolvedinvariousactivities,especiallythose________theycangainexperienceforgrowth.A.who B.where C.which D.whom参考答案：B考查定语从句。根据句意“在现代教育中，我认为学生们应该参与各种各样的活动，尤其是那些他们能从中获得成长经验的活动。”可知空及后面的句子修饰前面的代词those（代替前面提到的名词activities）作定语，所以是定语从句，且关系词在定语从句中作状语，相当于invariousactivities,所以符合where的用法，故选B。2.Thegovernmenthasannouncedplanstocutback_____defencespending____10%nextyear.A.upon;to

B.on;byC.of;by

D.for;to参考答案：B【详解】考查介词。句意：政府已经宣布计划明年削减10%的国防开支。固定词组：cutbackon消减；表示“消减了、上升了等”用介词by，故选B。3.Beingafraidoffallingbehindthetimes,hehasalwaysbeenkeepinghimself___ofthelatestdevelopmentoftechnology.

A.instructed

B.

intended

C.

informed

Ddemanded参考答案：C略4.Ourmanagermightreturnfromabroadthecomingweekend,butnobody_______abletofinishourtaskbythen.A.hasbeen

B.willhavebeen

C.hadbeen

D.was参考答案：B5.Fallinginloveisthe__________excitementandrushofhormones(荷尔蒙)whenyoumeetsomeoneandyouarephysicallyattractedtothem.A.potential

B.digital

C.original

D.initial参考答案：D【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：坠入爱河是当你遇到某人并被他们的外表所吸引时，最初的兴奋和荷尔蒙分泌。A.potential潜在的；B.digital数字的；C.original原始的；D.initial最初的。此处指最初的兴奋，故选D。6.

Asuccessfulreviewofabookorstoryistogiveabriefoutlineoftheplotwithout_______theending.

A.lettingout

B.givingoff

C.comingout

D.bringingin参考答案：A7.That_______thepostman.

Itisonlysixo’clockA.mustn’tbe

B.can

be

C.can’t

be

D.must

be

参考答案：C略8.It’snoteasy_____abestfriendinanewplace.Afind Bfinds Cfinding Dtofind参考答案：D9.Shebroughtwithherthreefriends,noneof

Ihadevermetbefore.A．them

B．who

C．whom

D．these参考答案：C10.Withallofustryinghardallthetime,wearewinningmildbut________supportfromthepublic.A.steady

B.casual

C.average

D.random

参考答案：A11.DoIneed___________adinnerforthehonoredguests?Yes,youneed_______somethingspecialforthem.A.preparefor;cook

B.prepare;tocook

C.toprepare;tocook

D.topreparefor;cook参考答案：C12.—You’vegotastomachache?Butweateatthesameplace.Howcomemystomachisfine?—Youhaveanironstomach!Mineisn’t__________strong.A.as

B.such

C.much

D.enough参考答案：A略13.从每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中，找出所给单词的正确读音，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。1.affair

A.tasty

B.annual

C.shallow

D.arrest

2.occupy

A.approval

B.apology

C.donate

D.comfort3.frameworkA.conductor

B.reform

C.fortnight

D.teamwork4.angle

A.tank

B.agent

C.

scan

D.envy5.disabled

A.adjusted

B.grasped

C.annoyed

D.adjusted

参考答案：1.D

2.B

3.D

4.A

5.C14.Ontopofthebooks______thephotoalbumyou’relookingfor.Ais

Bare

Chas

Dhave参考答案：A略15.Thesharpquestionhe______atthemeetinggainedwidesupportfromtherepresentatives.A.focused

B.presented

C.devoted

D.contributed参考答案：B16.－HaveyouheardofapersoninQingdaowhowonamillioninthelottery?

－Amillion!______wehadwonit.

A．Whatif

B．Onlyif

C．Whatabout

D．Ifonly参考答案：D二、完型填空17.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)

In1896,17-year-oldEinsteinwenttoZurichtostudyphysics.TherehemetMarits,agirl__36__Hungary.Theystudiedinthesameclassandthesameinterestinphysicsbroughtthetwotogetherandtheybecamegood__37__.Beforelong,theyfellinlovewitheachother.In1903,whenEinsteinwas24,hemarriedMarits,whowasfouryearsolderthanhe.

__38__theirmarriage,Einstein__39__himselftotheresearchofthegreattheoryofrelativity.__40__herhusbandmorehelp,Maritsgave__41__herownwork,andbecameagoodwifeand__42__.Shetriedherbesttoencouragehim__43__possible.Shewassurethatherhusband__44__succeed.Theyoftendiscussedthetheorywhile__45__outsideorsittingtogetherintheroom.They__46__didthatintheirletterswhenoneofthemwas__47__fromhome.

In1914,theEinsteinsmovedtoBerlinand__48__downthere.Atthattime,Einstein’stheory__49__tobecorrectandhebecame__50__allovertheworld.Maritswasvery__51__herhusbandwithhissuccess.ButitwasnotlongbeforetheFirstWorldWar__52__.Maritsaswellashertwosons,whowere__53__holidaysinSwitzerland,couldn’tcomebackto__54__anylonger.ThewarnotonlystoppedEinstein’sworkbutalsobroke__55__thewarm,happyfamily.In1919,EinsteinandMaritshadtogetdivorced.(离婚)36.A.of

B.from C.in

D.at37.A.pairs

B.couples C.friends

D.classmates38.A.Since

B.For C.With

D.After39.A.gave

B.offered C.forced

D.devoted40.A.Giving

B.Togive C.Given

D.Tohavegiven41.A.off

B.out C.up

D.in42.A.cook

B.mother C.friend D.assistant43.A.whatever

B.whenever C.however

D.wherever44.A.must

B.might C.could

D.would45.A.walked

B.walking C.went D.going46.A.even

B.never C.often D.always47.A.far

B.off C.out

D.away48.A.put

B.settled

C.lived D.set49.A.seemed

B.appeared

C.proved

D.looked50.A.happy

B.pleased

C.satisfied

D.famous51.A.proudof

B.praisedfor

C.pleasedwith

D.worriedabout52.A.happened

B.tookplace

C.occurred

D.brokeout53.A.in

B.at

C.on

D.for54.A.Zurich

B.Berlin C.Hungary

D.Switzerland55.A.out

B.off

C.down

D.up参考答案：三、阅读理解18.Whenmostpeoplethinkofgiantpandas,thepicturesofthecute,black-and-whitebearsfromChinathateatbamboowillimmediatelyjumpintotheirmind.ScientistsfromMississippiStateUniversity,however,areinterestedinwhattheyleavebehind:theirpoop(排泄物).AtarecentmeetinginDenver,ProfessorBrownattheuniversitypresentedherresearchshowinghowpandapoopcouldinspireanewwaytoobtainenergyfromplants,whicharearenewableenergysource.Usually,plantscanbecalledbiomass(有机燃料)whentheyareusedasanenergysource.

Burningbiomassisonewaytocaptureitsenergy,butBrownhopespandapoopcanteachscientistssomethingaboutbreakingdownbiomass.Pandas—oratleastthebacteriaintheirstomachs—areverygoodatgettingenergyoutofbamboo.Unlikecows,whichuse4stomachstodigestlargeamountsofgrass,apandahasonlyonestomach.Bamboocomesin,andpoopgoesout.

Everydayfor14months,Brownandherteamonthisproject,countedthebacteriainthepoopofthetwopandas,YaYaandLeLelivingattheMemphisZoo.Herstudiesturnedup12speciesofbacteriathatbreakdownbiomass,includingonethathadneverbeenfoundinpandas.Brownsaysthatbecausethepoopcontainsbacteriathatbreakdownbiomass,itcouldalsobeusedtobreakdownothertypesofbiomass.

Nowthescientistshopetoidentifythechemicalsthathelpwiththeprocessofbreakingdownbiomassandthenfigureouthowthebacteriawork.Ifthosechemicalscanbemadeinthelab,theycouldbeusedtoturnbiomass—likegrassorotherplants—intofuel.

Brownsaysshedoesn’tmindhandlingpandapoop.“It’sprobablythemostpleasantmaterialtoworkwith,”shesays,“MycolleaguesandIhavebeenworkingwithotherpoopforalongtime,andwecanassureyouithasafairlypleasantsmellassociatedwithit.”60.Theimportanceofstudyingpandapoopis_______.A.tocreatearenewableenergyfromplants

B.toexploreanewwaytogetenergyfromplantsC.tolearnalessonofenergyfrompandapoop

D.tofigureouthowthebacteriaworkforusmankind61.Theprocessofthepandapoopprojectcanbedescribedas______.a.Identifythechemicalshelpfultobreakdownbiomass.b.Findthebacteriainpandapoopwhichbreakdownbamboo.c.Reproducethechemicalsinthelabtoturnbiomassintoenergy.d.Analyzehowthebacteriainpandapoopworkinpanda’sstomach.A.a,b,d,c

B.a,d,c,b

C.b,a,d,c

D.b,d,a,c62.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttoexpressinthe2ndparagraph?A.Pandasdon’tdigestbamboothesamewayascows.B.Pandasarecapableofgettingenergyusingstomachs.C.Pandascangetenergyfrombamboomoreefficiently.D.Scientistshavelearntsomethingnewfrompandapoop.63.WhatdoesProfessorBrownthinkofworkingwithpandapoop?A.Sick

B.Challenging

C.Inspiring

D.Enjoyable参考答案：略19.WearrivedatthehospitaltofindDadwasveryweak,buthissmilewasassureasever.Itwasanotherattackofpneumonia(肺炎).MyhusbandandIstayedwithhimfortheweekendbuthadtoreturntoourjobsonMonday.LocalswouldhelpDadgethomefromthehospitalandlookafterhim.ButIlongedtobeabletolethimknowthatwecaredtoo,evenwhenweweren’twithhim.ThenIrememberedafamilytraditionwhenourchildrenweresmall.Whenleavingtheirgrandparents’homeafteravisit,eachchildwouldwritealovenotetotheirgrandparents.Theyhidnotesinthecereal(麦片)box,underahairbrush,nexttothephoneoreveninthemicrowaveoven(微波炉).Fordays,theirgrandparentswouldsmileastheydiscoveredthesesignsofourlove.SoasItidiedDad’skitchenandmadeupabedforhimdownstairsinthelivingroom,Iwrotesomenotes.Somewerepractical,“Dad,Iputthefoodinthefridgesoitwouldn’tspoil.”Someexpressedmylove,“Dad,Ihopeyouwillsleepwellinyournewbed.”Mostnotesweredownstairswherehewouldstayforseveralweeksuntilherecoveredstrength,butonenoteIhidupstairsunderhispillow,“Dad,ifyouhavefoundthisnote,youmustbefeelingbetter.Wearesoglad!”Justlikehismedicinesstrengthenedhimphysically,these“emotionalvitamins”wouldimprovehisspiritualhealth.Severalweekslater,inoneofourregularphonecalls,IaskedDadhowhewasdoing.Hesaid,“Prettygood.Ijustfoundyournoteundermypillowupstairs!”46.Wecaninferfromthetextthattheauthor’sfather_______.A.gothomefromhospitalaloneB.livedwithhissC.askedhertoreturntoworkD.hadsufferedfromthesameillnessbefore47.Thechildrenhidnotesintheirgrandparents’homeinorderto_______.A.followafamilytraditionB.playtricksontheirgrandparentsC.showtheirgiftstotheirgrandparentsD.givetheirgrandparentsapleasantsurprise48.Followingthefamilytradition,theauthor_______.A.oftencalledherfatherB.wrotesomenotestoherfatherC.longedtovisitherfatherD.worriedaboutherfather’shealth49.Havingheardwhatherfathersaid,theauthorwouldfeel_______.A.surprised

B.lucky

C.pleased

D.sad50.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthorfromthetext?A.Sheattemptedtocomfortherfatherwithlove.B.Shewantedtosetanexampletoherch