ron sc笔记稿一定要用手遮住错误选项或在纸上

Otherodds&ends01SC训练法：只关注一个语法点，只根据这个语法点去做题，用不上这个语法点的则跳过。pronouns，parallelism，meaning，subject-verbagreement，verb-tenseWhatISgrr?atoolthatallowsustoexpressmeaningmeaninggrr是否正确，是建立在whatisyourmeaning的前提下wouldcould2种用法：1.在过去式的句子中；2.用于虚拟语气中表示假设的情况simplicityisbestconsistencyisbesting或specially特别 especially尤其（表程度主动/语态bothcorrectinbalance，根据meaning而定，正确答案没有对主动/wordiness：onlyjudgewordinessrelativetootheranswerchoices有that的时候才考虑bossyverb的动词状况。有些词可以subjunctive也可以VerbalnounisIM AL;thesubjectisnotdirectlyinvolved.doerGerundsthesubjectisdirectlyinvolvedintheprocess.表示主语是动名词的doer或focusonprocess而不提及动作主语/focus在内容Swimmingisagoodexercise.by+式/过程，直接+名词是错误的derive于一般用主动语态，general原be SPLITS=anythingatallthatthatisdonedifferentlyindifferentOnEarth,therateatwhichtreesgrowisbelievedtobeamongthesurestindicationsofsunspotcycles【错，onearthindication，而是修饰整个句子。强调的是在AmongthesurestindicationsonEarthofsunspotscyclesisbelievedtobetherateatwhichtreesgrowthesurestindication】SentenceStructureSentenceStructureRun-onSentence：MyfriendisaCEO,livesin MyfriendisaCEO,helivesinSPLITSbetweenModifiersandCoreElements,considersentencemodifier（可被去掉的）verb+verb（不能被去掉的部分Don’tpickachoicebecauseitSOUNDSmeaning到底是哪个整部分和哪个部分有转折/though+thoughsomemeasureshavingbeen×thoughsomemeasureswere√with+withsomemeasureshavingbeen√withsomemeasuresthatwere√withsomemeasureswere× , otherSUBJECT-VERB例：Onthecornerisalargebox,inwhicharefoundmostofmy 主谓倒置，正splitsbe的主语是谁如：Inthehighwayaretwo Amongthebeststudentsismyof+noun.+Verb 99%verbingofverbingmodifierThereisnoevidenceofmybrotherstealingthecandy.modifierA’sBB的单复数，AofBA的单复数，谁的不重要，eachHeran，flapandscreaming这种情况就不是平行意思，后面的ing是修饰语样东西“XYX，Y，andZ3样东西，andv+ing和v语态，一起作前面的修饰成分时，是可以平行handsignsusedbynativesandappearinginlocalthat从句平行时，thathandsignsthatnativesuseandthatappearinlocalResearchershavefoundthatindividualswhohavebeenblindfrombirth,andwhothushaveneverseenanyonegestures,neverthelessmakehandmotionswhenspeakingjustasfrequentlyandinvirtuallythesamewayassightedpeopledo,andthattheywillgestureevenwhenconversingwithanotherblind whencomparedto不正确comparedto/withcomparisonindicator”&2ThesalaryinXis4000,comparedwith2000 Janehada4.0GPA,comparedtothemuchlowerGPAoftherestof无各种或表等量的词如more/better/threetimes，比较对象单当用“and2者且无其他关联词时，是代表这两个句子是独立的、的、没有TherewasagreatdealoftraffictodayandIwaslatetowork.此时traffic和Iwaslate是没showsonlyifTHEIDEASREPRESENTEDBYTHOSEWORDSareThestudentcheatsonexamsbycopyingotherstudents’answerandstealingfoodfromtheschoolcanteen.错Thestudentcheatsonexamsbycopyingotherstudentsanswer;andhestealsfoodfromtheschoolcanteen.对and首先看看有没有误用（两个成分是并列、没有关联关系的，如果误用two-partparallelsignals时Wrong:IknowmoreaboutShakespearethanmybrother.IknowmoreaboutShakespearethanmybrotherdoes,whohasnotstudiedBritish （nounmodifier要紧接被修饰的词，不能隔一个动词，V-modifier则 IknowmoreaboutShakespearethandoesmybrother,whohasnotstudiedBritish （助动词提前是很好的方法，比正常语序好，尤其是当主语有各种修饰成分时如“aperiodbeginningafewyearsagoendingafterXXXWhatdoweneedinthecaseofcomparison?Grticalandlogicalcomparedelementsshouldbeinthesimilargrticalthethingsshouldbelikeeachother(meaningmakesense,logicallyparallel)Mosterrorswillbethe(2)type,theerrorsofMEANING/LOGICAS后面接(1)clause(2)介词AsinGZ,theweatherishotinHK.Asisthecasewithtraditionalpharmacies,prescriptionsare…Clause:(gr r)anexpressionincludingasubjectandpredicate(谓语butnotconstitutingacompletesentencejustas… awayofwritinglongercomparison“inasmuchas”means“limitedtothefollowing”or“tothisGMATwordyprecisemodifierparallel的。parallel的成分需pronounambiguity（it、they有多个指代）可以被忽略，尤其是在主语很清晰句意很连eliminatenounmakesenseOncethehydrogenintheSun’scoreisexhausted,itwillexpandintoaredgiant,andeventuallyeject.itsunhydrogenmakesense的名词指代，错v+ing和v语态，一起作前面的修饰成分时，是可以平行handsignsusedbynativesandappearinginlocaltherestaurantweateat therestaurantatwhichweatetheIspokewith thewithwhomIinitialmodifiersmustapplytothefollowingsubjectmakemodifier开头/结尾的句子，modifier必须与后面/前面接的主语对应，主要有以下v+ing过去分词开头--Afterinitiatingthenation’sprogram,--Isolvedtheproblem,usingthelatest名词（同位语）开头--GuangzhouthecentralcityofGuangdongadj（+modifier）freshfromthetree,thelike/unlikeXX，……--unliketheyoungman,Sampickedupthemodifiermodifiermodifiermodifierbeginningendingsecretsplit，藏在长句（1）theyareinfactcomposedofthousandsofseparateicyringletswhenviewedupcomposedofXXwhenviewdclose同理：whencomparedtoIfsay“WhenX,YitmustactuallybethatYwhenX”.Whenthedraftwasadopted,acallwasincluded… WhenECSdraftedthedeclaration,sheincludedacall… 分析：draftinclude是同时，adopt是后来发生的danglingmodifier：modifier的修饰语和前面/后面句子的主语不一致。错误，需修改。Tomatoisamemberofthetoxicnightshadefamily,includingB.includingB应是修饰including，（v-ingmodifier修饰前句的主语andparallelelementsintendedIyedbasketball,atemeat,andwatchedIyedbasketball,wearingthenewshoesandsinging（2Iyedbasketball,wearingthenewshoes,andmetmy yedbasketballwearingthenewshoesandmetmy yedbasketballwearingthenewshoesandmetmyfriends.2waystoindicatecauseand“,+“and+ ng”可以表(1)结果(2)伴随(3)解释，均互相有关系。如不是这些关系则用 ng/todomodifier而“and+verb”是independentideas且前后verb的主语是相同的，需要makesense；AhasrevealedB,whichis6cmlongandweighs2kg. B6cm&2kgAhasrevealedB,whichis6cmlonganditweighs2kg.B6cm,A2kg/AhasXXA此外，nounmodifier要紧接被修饰的词，不能隔一些成分，V-modifier则 Don’tstartmodifierwith BEINGmodifiermodifier不一定是修饰句子主语的？而是修饰靠近的部分注意：verb-modifiermakesensenoun-modifiernoun介词部分是修饰这个名词的）一般“in年份”是不能跳过的Itookpicturesofmydog，whichItookpicturesin1995in1995Itookpicturespictureswhich不能指人，which指代前面整个句子必错，which指代除了“名词+介词”以外的which前面必有逗号；介词+whichX’sY YofX issubtle，跳过用其makesenseThestudentheldasurveybasedonhismakesenseIwaslateforworkthismorningbecauseofthetrafficjam,whichwasduetoabrush【becauseof：修饰前面的整个句子成分。因此不可能用dueto和用becauseof表同一个意思！后面加名词成分。becauseof+ ng必错。modifierentireclause：modifiermakesense，clauseModifier:Tiredfromwork,Istillhadtofeedthe Tiredfromworkthebabystillneededtobefed. EventhoughIwastiredfromwork,Istillhadtofeedthe Even