版Unit3AlienationandtheInternet课文翻译综合教程四

圆满版Unit3AlienationandtheInternet课文翻译综合教程四圆满版Unit3AlienationandtheInternet课文翻译综合教程四/圆满版Unit3AlienationandtheInternet课文翻译综合教程四Unit3AlienationandtheInternetWillBakerTheInternetprovidesanamazingforumforthefreeexchangeofideas.Giventherelativelyfewrestrictionsgoverningaccessandusage，itisthecommunicationsmodalequivalentofinternationalwaters.1Itismypersonalbeliefthatthehumanpotentialcanonlyberealizedbytheglobalizationofideas.Idevelopedthisposition2yearsbeforetheInternetcameintowidespreaduse.AndIamexcitedatthepotentialfortheInternettodramaticallyalterourglobalsocietyforthebetter.HoweverIamalsotroubledbythepossibleunintendednegativeconsequences.2.Therehasbeenmuchtalkaboutthe“newinformationage.”ButmuchlesswidelyreportedhasbeenthenotionthattheInternetmayberesponsibleforfurtheringthefragmentationofsocietybyalienatingitsindividualusers.3Atfirstthismightsoundlikeanapparentcontradiction：howcansomething，thatisontheonehandresponsibleforglobalunificationbyenablingthefreeexchangeofideas，alienatetheparticipants？Ihadarecentdiscussionwithafriendofminewhohaswhathedescribedasa“problem”withtheInternet.WhenIquestionedhimfurtherhesaidthathewas“addicted，”4andhas“forced”himselftogooff-line.Hesaidthathefeltlikeanalcoholic，inthatmoderateuseoftheInternetwasjustnotpossibleforhim.5Ihavenotknownthisfellowtobegiventoexaggeration，thereforewhenhedescribedhisinternetbinges，6whenhewouldspendovertwenty-fourhoursonlinenon-stop，itgavemepausetothink.Hesaid，“theInternetisn‘treal，butIwasspendingallmytimeonline，soIjusthadtostop.”Hewentontosaythatallofthetimethathespentonlinemighthaveskewed7hissenseofreality，andthatitmadehimfeellonelyanddepressed.Thefragmentationofsocietyhasbeenlamentedforsometimenow.ItseemstomethatitprobablybeganinearnestafterWorldWarIIwhenagenerationreturnedfromdoinggreatdeedsoverseas.Theywonthewar，andbyGodtheyweregoingtowinthepeace.Automobileownershipbecamecommonplaceandsuburbswerecreated.“Progress”wastheirmantra.8SoevenpriortotheInternet‘swidespreadpopularity，folkswerealreadybecomingdistancedfromtheirextendedfamiliesandneighbors.Andwhenwefast-forwardtotodayweseeanalmostcruelironyinthatpeoplecanandoftendodevelopon-linerelationshipswithfolksontheothersideoftheglobe，withoutleavingtheirhomes.Butattheexpenseofthetimethatwouldhaveotherwisebeenavailableforinvolvementinotheractivitieswhichmightfosterasenseofcommunityintheirvillages，townsandcities.LastweekendmywifeandIinvitedourextendedfamilytoourhometocelebrateourdaughter‘nearbyanditstruckusthatingenerationspast，hisson，mynephew，wouldhavebeenoutsideplayingwithhisfriends.Butnowthelittlefellowgoesonlinetoplayhisgamesagainsthisfriendsincyberspace.ItseemstomethattheInternetisapowerfultoolthatpresentsanopportunityfortheadvancementoftheacquisitionandapplicationofknowledge.However，basedonmypersonalexperienceIcanunderstandhow，astheysurfthewebsomefolksmightbeconfrontedwithcognitiveoverload.9AndIcanalsounderstandhowonemighthavehisorhersenseofrealitydistortedintheprocess.IstheInternetarealplace？Dependinguponhowa“realplace”isdefineditmightverywellbe.Attheveryleast，IbelievethatwhenweusetheInternet，weareforcedtoaskfundamentalquestionsabouthowweperceivetheworldaboutus—perhapsanotherunintendedconsequence.Somewouldarguethatthevirtualexistencescreatedbysomeuserswhodebate，shop，travelandhaveromanceonlineareinfactnotreal.Whileotherswouldarguethat，sinceinpracticalterms，folksaredebating，shopping，travellingandhavingromance，theconverseistrue.Allofthisbeingsaid，IbelievethatthekeytorealizingthepotentialoftheInternetisinachievingbalanceinourlives.Thiswouldallowustomaximizeitspotentialwithoutseemstomethatweareasocietythatvaluesimmediategratificationaboveallelse，andwhatbetterplacetoachieveitthanincyberspace，wherethecyber-worldisyourcyber-oyster.11Thewidespreaduseoftheautomobileforeverchangedoursocietyandculture，andperhapsasimilarsortofthingisoccurringnow.Iamnotatallcertainwherethe“informationsuperhighway”willleadus：somesaytoUtopia，12whileothersfeelit‘stheroadtohell.ButIdoknowthatweallhavetheabilitytomaintainoursenseofplaceintheworld.Whetherwechoosetotakeadvantageofthisabilityisanothermatter.因特网与人际之疏远威尔·贝克1因特网为思想的自由交流供应了一个非凡的平台。由于登录和使用互联网的限制相对较少，它的作用就等同于通讯流传中的公海。我个人认为人类潜能只有经过思想的全球化才能实现。在因特网广为应用从前好多年我就有了这样的立场。我为因特网给全球社会的更好发展带来的巨大变化振奋不已。但是，我也为猜想之外的负面结果感觉困扰。关于“新的信息时代”人们议论得好多。但是，互联网使网民之间相互疏远，从而以致社会的进一步分化崩溃，对这方面的报道却少得多。乍听起来这忧如相互矛盾：一种东西怎么会既能让人们自由地交流思想，从而使全球融为一体，同时又让参加者相互疏远呢？我一位朋友自称使用因特网出了“问题”，近来我和他议论了这个问题。我进一步追问时他说他有“网瘾”，经常得“逼迫”自己离线下网。他感觉自己像个酒鬼，由于他就是无法有节制地上网。据我所知，此人不喜欢夸张其词，因此当他描述自己的网瘾，说经常连续泡网一天一夜时，这引起了我的思虑。他说：“网络世界不是真实的，但我还恰好把自己全部时间花在网络上，因此我不得不停壁勒马。”他接着说他在网上花的那么多时间使他扭曲了现实感，让他感觉孤单压迫，郁郁寡欢。大家哀叹社会的支离破裂由来已久。在我看来，这种分裂真实始于第二次世界大战结束后，当时一代人在外国完成宏伟事业此后荣归故土。他们打赢了战争，面对上帝，他们还要赢得和平。小汽车变得普及，人们建起了郊区。“进步”是经常挂在他们嘴边的口号。于是甚至早于因特网大行其道之时，人们早就疏远了大家庭的其他成员和左邻右舍。我们把场景快进到今天，见到的情况几乎可以说是残忍的讽刺：人们足不出户就经常能和远在地球另一端的人建立网络关系，但这样做的代价是：他们花掉了好多时间，而这些时间本来可以在他们自己的乡村和城镇里投身于各项活动，从而培养社区看法。5上周末我们夫妻邀请大家庭的其他成员来家里庆祝我女儿的寿辰。整个庆祝过程中，小外甥把全部时间都花在我电脑上玩一个模拟战争的游戏。我和妹夫就坐在边上聊天。我们都认识到，若是像几代前的长辈那样，他儿子，也就是我外甥，必然在外面和朋友玩耍。但现在这小家伙不在外面玩，而是上网和虚假空间的朋友玩游戏。对我来说，因特网忧如是个兴隆的工具，它给人们供应一个不停获取和应用知识的机会。但是，经过我自己的亲身经历，我可以理解当某些人上网的时候，是如何面对认知超载的。我也同样理解一个人的现实感在上网过程中如何被扭曲。网络空间是真实的吗？依照界定“真实地方”的定义，网络空间很可能是真实的。退一万步说，我相信上网时，我们会被迫拷问自己一些基本问题，比方我们如何感知周围的世界——或许这是另一个猜想之外的后果。有人或许会说，用户在网上唇枪舌剑、购物旅游、谈情说爱的虚假存在其实不真实；而另一些人主张说，按实质的说法，人们确实在网上唇枪舌剑、购物旅游、谈情说爱，那