2012年天津高等考试英语试题及答案解析

**2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷）英 语本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共130分，考试时间100精品文档放心下载分钟，第Ⅰ卷1页至10页，第Ⅱ卷11页至12页。谢谢阅读第Ⅰ卷注意事项：1、每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦感谢阅读干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。2、本卷共55小题，共95分第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）谢谢阅读A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。精品文档放心下载---CanIhaveadayofftomorrow,Mr.Johnson?谢谢阅读---__________.Icanmanagewithoutyou.感谢阅读A.Forgetit B.I’mafraidnot C.Itdepends D. Of感谢阅读courseThelettersfortheboss___________onhisdeskbuthedidn’treadthemuntilthreelater.谢谢阅读A.wereput B.wasput C.put D. has精品文档放心下载putYouwereworkingtoohard.You’dbetterkeepa________betweenworkand精品文档放心下载relaxation.A.promiseB.leadC.balanceD.diary04.Thedogmaybeagoodcompanionfortheold._______,theneedtotakeitforwalksmaybeadisadvantage.A.Besides.B.HoweverC.ThereforeD.感谢阅读Instead.05.---Youhavetobelieveinyourself.Nooneelsewill,ifyoudon’t.---__________.Confidenceisreallyimportant.A.It’snotmycupofteaB.That’snotthepointC.Idon’tthinksoD.Icouldn’tagreemore06.OnlyMaryreadhercompositionthesecondtime_________thespellingmistake.**A.didshenotice B.shenoticed C.doesshenotice D. she感谢阅读hasnoticed07. IwishtothankProfessor谢谢阅读Smith,without_______helpIwouldneverhavegotthisfar.谢谢阅读A.who B.whose C.whom D.which08. It’squitewarmhere;we感谢阅读__________turntheheatingonyet.精品文档放心下载A.couldn’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.感谢阅读wouldn’tItdoesn’tmatter_________youturnrightorleftatthecrossing---bothroadsleadtothepark.精品文档放心下载A.whetherB.howC.ifD.when10.Thesecretaryarrangeda(n)___________timeandspacefortheapplicantstohaveaninterview.A.importantB.spareC.publicD.convenient11.Hegotuplateandhurriedtohisoffice,_________thebreakfastuntouched.A.leftB.toleaveC.leavingD.havingleft12.Thethreeofus___________aroundEuropeforaboutamonthlastsummer.A.travelledB.havetravelledC.hadtravelledD.travelParentsandchildrenshouldcommunicatemoreto________thegapbetweenthemsothattheycanunderstand精品文档放心下载eachotherbetter.A.open B.narrow C.widen D.leave谢谢阅读Everythingwasplacedexactly___________hewanteditforthegraduationceremony.谢谢阅读A.while B.when C.where D.精品文档放心下载though15.Wewouldn’thavecalledataxiyesterdayifHarold__________usaridehome.谢谢阅读A.didn’toffer B.wouldn’toffer C.hasn’toffered D.精品文档放心下载hadn’toffered第二节：完形填空（共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分）谢谢阅读阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16～35各题所给出的A、B、C、D四个选项中精品文档放心下载选出最佳选项。IfellinlovewithYosemiteNationalParkthefirsttimeIsawit,whenIwas13.精品文档放心下载Myparentstookusthereforcamping.Onthewayout,IaskedthemtowaitwhileI谢谢阅读ranuptoE1Capitan,a___16___rockof3,300feetstraightup.Itouchedthatgiant感谢阅读**rockandknew___17___Iwantedtoclimbit.Thathasbeenmylife’spassion(钟爱)谢谢阅读eversince---___18___therocksandmountainsofYosemite.I’velongmade精品文档放心下载Yosemitemy___19___.About15yearsagoIstartedseeingalotof___20___,liketoiletpaper,beercans,精品文档放心下载andemptyboxes,aroundthearea.It’s___21___mewhyvisitorsstartedrespecting感谢阅读theplace___22___andtreatedsuchabeautifulhome-likeplacethisway.精品文档放心下载Itried___23___trash(垃圾)myself,butthejobwastoobig.Iwould___24___an精品文档放心下载hourortwoonthejob,onlytofindtheareatrashedalloveragainweekslater.谢谢阅读Finally,Igotso___25__itthatIdecidedsomethinghadtochange.谢谢阅读Asarock-climbingguide,Iknew___26___aboutorganizinganybigevent.Butin谢谢阅读2004,togetherwithsomeclimbers,Isetadatefora___27___.Onthatday,more谢谢阅读than300people___28___.Overthreedayswecollectedabout6,000poundsof精品文档放心下载trash.Itwasamazinghowmuchwewereableto___29___.Icouldn’tbelievethe感谢阅读___30___wemade---theparklookedclean!感谢阅读Eachyearvolunteerscomeforthecleanupfromeverywhere.In2007alone,感谢阅读2,945peoplepickedup42,330poundsoftrashand___31___132milesofroadway.谢谢阅读Ioftenhearpeople___32___abouttheirsurroundings.Ifyouareoneofthem,I感谢阅读wouldsaytheonlywaytochangethingsisby___33___ratherthancomplaining.We感谢阅读needtoteachby___34___.Youcan’tblameothers___35___youstartwithyourself.感谢阅读16.A.distantB.hugeC.narrowD.loose17.A.immediatelyB.finallyC.graduallyD.recently**18.A.imaginingB.paintingC.describingD.climbing19.A.gardenB.homeC.labD.palace20.A.materialB.resourcesC.wasteD.goods21.A.beyondB.againstC.overD.within22.A.moreB.mostC.lessD.least23.A.throwingawayB.pickingupC.breakingdownD.diggingout24.A.killB.saveC.waitD.spend25.A.satisfiedwithB.delightedinC.tiredofD.usedto26.A.somethingB.anythingC.everythingD.nothing27.A.cleanupB.partyC.picnicD.concert28.A.droppedoutB.showedupC.lookedaroundD.calledback29.A.demandB.receiveC.accomplishD.**overcome30.A.planB.visitC.contactD.difference31.A.crossedB.measuredC.coveredD.designed32.A.talkB.complainC.argueD.quarrel33.A.doingB.thinkingC.questioningD.watching34.A.methodB.explanationC.exampleD.research35.A.althoughB.ifC.whenD.useless第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）感谢阅读阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。谢谢阅读ABicycleSafetyOperationAlwaysrideyourbikeinasafe,controlledmanneroncampus(校感谢阅读园).Obeyrulesandregulations.Watchoutforwalkersandotherbicyclists,and谢谢阅读alwaysuseyourlightsindarkconditions.谢谢阅读TheftPreventionAlwayssecurelylockyourbicycletoabicyclerack---evenif感谢阅读**youareonlyawayforaminute.RegisteryourbikewiththeUniversityDepartment谢谢阅读ofPublicSafety.It’sfast,easy,andfree.Registrationpermanentlyrecordsyour谢谢阅读serialnumber,whichisusefulinthepossiblerecoveryofthebikestolen.精品文档放心下载EquipmentBrakesMakesurethattheyareingoodworkingorderandadjusted精品文档放心下载properly.HelmetAnecessity,makesureyourhelmetmeetscurrentsafetystandardsandfitproperly.感谢阅读LightsAlwayshaveafrontheadlight---visibleatleast500feetinfront谢谢阅读ofthebike.Ataillightisa感谢阅读goodidea.RulesoftheRoadRidingonCampusAsabicyclerider,youhavearesponsibilitytorideonlyon谢谢阅读streetsandpostedbicyclepaths.Ridingonsidewalksorotherwalkwayscanleadto感谢阅读afine.Thespeedlimitforbicyclesoncampusis15mph,unlessotherwiseposted.感谢阅读Alwaysgivetherightofwaystowalkers.Ifyouareinvolvedinanaccident,youare精品文档放心下载requiredtoofferappropriateaid,calltheDepartmentofPublicSafetyandremain谢谢阅读atthesceneuntiltheofficerletsyougo.谢谢阅读BicycleParking Onlyparkinareasreservedforbikes.Trees,handrails,感谢阅读hallways,andsignpostsarenotforbicycleparking,andparkinginsuchpostscan精品文档放心下载resultinafine.IfThingsGoWrong**Ifyoubreaktherules,youwillbefined.Besidesviolatingruleswhileriding谢谢阅读bicyclesoncampus,youcouldbefinedfor:Nobicycleregistration---------------------------------------------------$25Bicycleparkingbanned--------------------------------------------------$30Blockingpathwithbicycle---------------------------------------------$40Violationofbicycleequipmentrequirement-------------------------$3536.Registrationofyourbicyclemayhelpyou_____________.谢谢阅读A.findyourstolenbicycle B.getyourserialnumber谢谢阅读C.receivefreerepairservices D. settle conflicts with精品文档放心下载walkersAccordingtothepassage,whatbikeequipmentisafreechoiceforbicycleriders?谢谢阅读A.Brakes. B.Ahelmet. C.Aheadlight. D. A谢谢阅读taillight.Whenyourideabicycleonthecampus,___________.感谢阅读rideonpostedbicyclepathsandsidewalks谢谢阅读cycleataspeedofover15mph感谢阅读putthewalkers’rightofwayfirst精品文档放心下载callthepolicebeforeleavinginacaseofaccident感谢阅读Ifyoulockyourbicycletoatreeonthecampus,youcouldbefined_________.精品文档放心下载A.$25 B.$30 C.$35 D.$40感谢阅读**40.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?精品文档放心下载A.Aguideforsafebicyclingoncampus.谢谢阅读

B.Directionsforbicycletour精品文档放心下载oncampus.C.Regulationsofbicycleraceoncampus.谢谢阅读

D. Rules

for

riding

motorvehiclesoncampus.BBarditchHighSchooldecidedtoanAll-SchoolReunion.Over450peoplecame精品文档放心下载totheevent.Thereweretoursoftheoldschoolbuildingandapicnicat感谢阅读ConfederatePark.Severalformerteacherswereonhandstotellstoriesaboutthe精品文档放心下载olddays.Ms.MabelYates,theEnglishteacherforfiftyyears,waswheeledtothe谢谢阅读Park.Someeyesrolledandtherewereafewlowgroans(嘟囔声)whenMs.Yateswas谢谢阅读abouttospeak.Manystartedlookingattheirwatchesandcomingupwithexcuses谢谢阅读tobeanywhereinsteadofpreparingtolistentoalecturefromandoldwomanwho精品文档放心下载hadfewkindwordsforherstudentsandmadethemworkharderthanalltheother精品文档放心下载teacherscombined.ThenMs.Yatesstartedtospeak:精品文档放心下载“Ican’ttellyouhowpleasedIamtobehere.Ihaven’tseenmanyofyousince谢谢阅读yourgraduation,butIhavefollowedyourcareersandenjoyedyourvictoriesaswell精品文档放心下载ascryingforyourtragedies.Ihavealargecollectionofnewspaperphotographsof谢谢阅读mystudents.AlthoughIhaven’tappearedinperson,Ihaveattendedyourcollege精品文档放心下载graduations,weddingsandeventhebirthyourchildren,inmyimagination.”精品文档放心下载**Ms.Yatespausedandstartedcryingabit.Thenshecontinued:谢谢阅读“ItwasmybeliefthatifIpushedyouashardasIcould,someofyouwould感谢阅读succeedtopleasemeandotherswouldsucceedtoannoyme.Regardlessofour感谢阅读motives,Icanseethatyouhaveallbeensuccessfulinyouchosenpath.”感谢阅读“Thereisnogreatercomfortforaneducatorthantoseetheendresultofhis精品文档放心下载orheryearsofwork.Youhaveallbeenagreatsourceofpleasureandprideforme精品文档放心下载andIwantyoutoknowIloveyouallfromthebottomofmyheart.”精品文档放心下载Therewasasilenceoverthecrowdforafewsecondsandthensomeone感谢阅读startedclapping.Teeclappingturnedintocheering,thenintoadeafeningroar(呼谢谢阅读喊).Lawyers,truckdrivers,bankersandmodelswererubbingtheireyesorcrying谢谢阅读openlywithnoshameallbecauseofthewordsfromalongforgottenEnglish感谢阅读teacherfromtheirhometown.谢谢阅读41.Whatactivitywasorganizedfortheschoolreunion?谢谢阅读A.Sightseeinginthepark. B. A谢谢阅读picnicontheschoolplayground.感谢阅读C.Tellingstoriesaboutpastevents. D.Graduates’reportsinthe精品文档放心下载oldbuilding.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph2?感谢阅读SomegraduatesweretoobusytolistentoMs.Yates’speech.感谢阅读ManygraduatesdislikedMs.Yates’waysofteaching.谢谢阅读Somepeoplegottiredfromthereunionactivities.精品文档放心下载**D.Mostpeoplehadlittleinterestinthereunion.谢谢阅读43.WecanlearnfromMs.Yates’speechthatshe_____________.谢谢阅读A.kepttrackofherstudents’progress B.gaveherstudentsadviceon感谢阅读theircareersC.attendedherstudents’collegegraduations D.wenttoherstudents’精品文档放心下载weddingceremoniesWhatwasMs.Yates’beliefinteachingteenagers?精品文档放心下载Teachers’knowledgeisthekeytostudents’achievements.精品文档放心下载Pressureonstudentsfromteachersshouldbereduced.感谢阅读Hard-pushedstudentsaremorelikelytosucceed.精品文档放心下载Students’respectisthebestrewardforteachers.谢谢阅读WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeMs.Yates?感谢阅读A.Reliableanddevoted. B.谢谢阅读Toughandgenerous.C.Proudbutpatient. D.Strictbutcaring.精品文档放心下载CThepracticeofstudentsendlesslycopyinglettersandsentencesfroma感谢阅读blackboardisathingofthepast.Withthecomingofnewtechnologieslike谢谢阅读computersandsmartphone,writingbyhandhasbecomesomethingofnostalgic谢谢阅读(怀旧的)skill.However,whiletoday’seducatorsareusingmoreandmore感谢阅读technologyintheirteaching,manybelievebasichandwritingskillsarestill谢谢阅读**necessaryforstudentstobesuccessful---bothinschoolandinlife.精品文档放心下载VirginiaBerninger,professorofeducationalpsychologyattheUniversityof谢谢阅读Washington,saysit’simportanttocontinueteachinghandwritingandhelp精品文档放心下载childrenacquiretheskillofwritingbyhand.精品文档放心下载Berningerandhercolleaguesconductedastudythatlookedattheabilityof谢谢阅读studentstocompletevariouswritingtasks---bothonacomputerandbyhand.The谢谢阅读study,publishedin2009,foundthatwhenwritingwithapenandpaper,感谢阅读participantswrotelongeressaysandmorecompletesentencesandhadafaster谢谢阅读wordproductionrate.Inamorerecentstudy,Berningerlookedatwhatrolespellingplaysina谢谢阅读student’swritingskillsandfoundthathowwellchildrenspellistiedtoknowwell精品文档放心下载theycanwrite.“Spellingmakessomeofthethinkingpartsofthebrainactivewhich谢谢阅读helpsusaccessourvocabulary,wordmeaningandconcepts.Itisallowingour感谢阅读writtenlanguagetoconnectwithideas.”Berningersaid.感谢阅读Spellinghelpsstudentstranslateideasintowordsintheirmindfirstandthen感谢阅读totranscribe(转换)“thosewordsinthemindwrittensymbolsonpaperorkeyboard感谢阅读andscreen,”thestudysaid.Seeingthewordsinthe“mind’seye”helpschildren谢谢阅读notonlytoturntheirideasintowords,saysBerninger,butalsotospot(发现)精品文档放心下载spellingmistakeswhentheywritethewordsdownandtocorrectthenovertime.精品文档放心下载“Inourcomputerage,somepeoplebelievethatwedon’thavetoteach谢谢阅读spellingbecausewehavespellchecks,”shesaid.“Butuntilachildhasafunctional谢谢阅读spellingabilityofaboutafifthgradelevel,theywon’thavetheknowledgeto感谢阅读**choosethecorrectspellingamongtheoptionsgivenbythecomputer”.谢谢阅读46.Whatmakeswritingbyhandathingofthepast?谢谢阅读A.Theabsenceofblackboardinclassroom. B. The use of感谢阅读technologiesinteaching.C.Thelackofpracticeinhandwriting. D. The popular use谢谢阅读smartphones.

newofBerninger’sstudypublishedin2009___________.感谢阅读focusedonthedifferencebetweenwritingbyhandandonacomputer.感谢阅读indicatedthatstudentsprefertowritewithapenandpaper.感谢阅读foundthatgoodessaysaremadeupoflongsentences.谢谢阅读discussedtheimportanceofwritingspeed.谢谢阅读Whichofthefollowingbestshowstheroleofspelling?精品文档放心下载Spellingimprovesone’smemoryofwords.感谢阅读Spellingabilityiscloselyrelatedtowritingability.感谢阅读Spellingbenefitsthetranslationfromwordsintoideas.感谢阅读Spellingslowsdownfindingexactwordstoexpressideas.精品文档放心下载Whatdoes“mind’seye”inparagraph5mean?感谢阅读A.Window. B.Soul C.Picture. D.感谢阅读Imagination.Whatconclusioncouldbedrawnfromthepassage?谢谢阅读A.Computerscanhelppeoplewiththeirchoiceofwords.感谢阅读**B.Spellcheckscantaketheplaceofspellingteaching.精品文档放心下载C.Handwritingstillhasaplaceintoday’sclassrooms.感谢阅读D.Functionalspellingabilitydevelopsfastinthefifthgrade.谢谢阅读DYouaregivenmanyopportunitiesinlifetochoosetobeavictimorcreator.谢谢阅读Whenyouchoosetobeavictim,theworldisacoldanddifficultplace“They”.did感谢阅读thingstoyouwhichcausedallofyourpainandsuffering.“They”arewrongand感谢阅读bad,andlifeisterribleaslongas“they”arearound.Oryoumayblameyourselffor谢谢阅读allyourproblems,thusinternalizing(内化)yourvictimization.Thetruthis,yourlifeis谢谢阅读likelytostaythatwayaslongasyoufeelaneedtoblameyourselforothers.精品文档放心下载Thosewhochoosetobecreatorslookatlifequitedifferently.Theyknowthere感谢阅读areindividualswhomightliketocontroltheirlives,buttheydon’tletthisgetinthe精品文档放心下载way.Theyknowtheyhavetheirweaknesses,yettheydon’tblamethemselveswhen谢谢阅读theyfail.Whateverhappens,theyhavechoiceinthematter.Theybelievetheir精品文档放心下载dancewitheachsacred(神圣的)momentoflifeisagiftandthatstormsareanatural感谢阅读partoflifewhichcanbringtherainneededforemotionalandspiritualgrowth.精品文档放心下载Victimsandcreatorsliveinthesamephysicalworldanddealwithmanyofthe精品文档放心下载samephysicalrealities,yettheirexperienceoflifeisworldsapart.Victimsrelish(沉精品文档放心下载)inanger,guilt,andotheremotionsthatcauseothers---andeventhemselves---tofeellikevictims,too.Creatorsconsciouslychooselove,inspiration,andotherqualitieswhichinspirenotonlythemselves,butallaroundthem.Both感谢阅读**victimsandcreatorsalwayshavechoicetodeterminethedirectionoftheirlives.感谢阅读Inreality,allofusplaythevictimorthecreatoratvariouspointsinourlives.谢谢阅读Oneperson,onlosingajoboraspecialrelationship,mayfeelasifitistheendof谢谢阅读theworldandsinkintoterriblesufferingformonths,years,orevenalifetime.感谢阅读Anotherwiththesameexperiencemaychoosetofirstexperiencethegrief,then谢谢阅读acceptthelossandsoonmoveontobeapowerfulcreativeforceinhislife.精品文档放心下载Ineverymomentandeverycircumstance,youcanchoosetohavefuller,richer精品文档放心下载lifebysettingaclearintentiontotransformthevictimwithin,andbyinvitinginto精品文档放心下载yourlifethepowerfulcreatorthatyouare.感谢阅读51.Whatdoestheword“they”inParagraph1probablyreferto?感谢阅读A.Peopleandthingsaroundyou. B. Opportunities and精品文档放心下载problems.C.Creatorsandtheirchoices. D.Victimsandtheirsufferings.感谢阅读52.AccordingtoParagraph2,creators__________.谢谢阅读A.seemwillingtoexperiencefailuresinlife B. possess the ability to精品文档放心下载predictfuturelifeC.handleupsanddownsoflifewisely D.havepotentialtocreate精品文档放心下载somethingnewWhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?精品文档放心下载Creatorsandvictimsfacequitedifferentthingsinlife.精品文档放心下载Creatorsandvictimsaremastersoftheirlives.感谢阅读**C.Victimscaninfluencemorepeoplethancreators.感谢阅读D.Comparedwithvictims,creatorsaremoreemotional.谢谢阅读TheexamplesmentionedinParagraph4showthat_______________.谢谢阅读strongattachmenttosufferingsinlifepullspeopleintovictims.精品文档放心下载peopleneedfamilysupporttodealwithchallengersinlife.谢谢阅读ittakescreatorsquitealongtimetogetridoftheirpains.精品文档放心下载one’sexperiencesdeterminehisattitudetowardlife.感谢阅读Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassage?谢谢阅读Todefinevictimsandcreators.精品文档放心下载Toevaluatevictimsagainstcreators.精品文档放心下载Toexplaintherelationshipbetweenvictimsandcreators.感谢阅读Tosuggestthetransformationfromvictimstocreators.感谢阅读2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷）英语笔试第Ⅱ卷注意事项：1.用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。2.本卷共6小题，共35分。第三部分：写作第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）谢谢阅读阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。Bornin1949,DianaNyadtookanearlyinterestinswimmingasasportand精品文档放心下载**wasaFloridaStateHighSchoolswimmingchampion. Likemanyyoungathletes,感谢阅读shehadOlympicdreams,butaseriousillnesskepthercompetingintheGames.谢谢阅读Thedisappointmentdidn’tstopherfromgoingforward.Instead,shebecame谢谢阅读interestedinmarathonswimming.Abrilliantathlete,shewaswell-conditionedfor谢谢阅读spendinglongperiodsoftimeinthewater.Asalong-distanceswimmer,shewould谢谢阅读competeagainstherselfandtheobstaclespresentedbydistance,danger,cold,and精品文档放心下载exhaustion.FortenyearsNyaddevotedherselftobecomingoneoftheworld’sbest感谢阅读long-distanceswimmers.In1970,sheswamaten-milemarathoninLakeOntario,精品文档放心下载settingthewomen’srecordforthecourse.In1972shesetanotherrecordby谢谢阅读swimming102.5milesfromanislandintheBahamastothecoastofFlorida.Then谢谢阅读shebrokeathirdrecordwhenswimmingaroundManhattanIslandin1975.感谢阅读NyadattemptedtoswimthedistancebetweenFloridaandCubain1978.谢谢阅读Thoughthespanofwaterislessthan100mileswide,itisroughanddangerous.感谢阅读Afterbattlingthewaterfortwodays,shehadtogiveforthesakeofherownhealth谢谢阅读andsafety.Evenso,sheimpressedtheworldwithhercourageandstrongdesireto谢谢阅读succeed.ForNyadherstrengthofpurposewasjustasimportantasreadingCuba.精品文档放心下载Thatishowshedefinedsuccess.Itdidnotmatterthatherswimcameupshort;she谢谢阅读believedshehadtouchedtheothershore.精品文档放心下载WhenNyadendedhercareerasaswimmer,shecontinuedtotrynew精品文档放心下载things---travellingtheworldasareporter,writingbooksandgivingpublic谢谢阅读speechesaboutherlife.DianaNyadworkstoinspireothers,justasshedidwhen精品文档放心下载**sheswamthewatersoftheworld.谢谢阅读WhatpreventedNyadfromtakingpartintheOlympicGames?(Nomorethan5words)精品文档放心下载________________________________________________________________________________________精品文档放心下载___Whatdoestheunderlinedword“obstacles”mean?(1word)感谢阅读________________________________________________________________________________________感谢阅读___WhatachievementdidNyadmakein1970?(Nomorethan10words.)谢谢阅读__