高考英语一轮复习专题二-第三讲-词性转换课件

目录ONTENTSC[综合演练]第三讲词性转换

[知识导航]

形容词变副词的后缀变化形式例词直接加­ly

slow→slowly缓慢地改y为i加­lyhappy→happily高兴地去e加­lytrue→truly真诚地；正确地►对点练1单句语法填空①(2019·江西红色七校一联)Hesatdownandstarted

(gentle)talkingtothedog.②

(similar),whenRonWebsterborrowedabookfromthelibraryoftheUniversityofLiverpool,heforgottoreturnit,too.③(2019·金华艾青中学质检)Youhaven'tchangedatall—youstilllook

(exact)thesameasbefore.gentlySimilarlyexactly④(2019·严州中学一模)Parentsandteachersalwaysthinkstudentsshouldspendmoretimeontheirstudies,butstudentsthemselvesthink

(different)．⑤(2019·宿迁三校3月质检)Theseproblems,ifnotsolved

(proper),willseriouslyaffectthegrowthofteenagersandeventhenation'sfuture.differentlyproperly

形容词变名词的后缀后缀例词­ageshort→shortage不足；短缺­cyefficient→efficiency

效率；功效fluent→fluency

流利；流畅accurate→accuracy

准确性private→privacy

隐私；私密­domfree→freedom自由；自主wise→wisdom

明智；智慧后缀例词­cedifferent→difference差异silent→silence

沉默­nessweak→weakness

虚弱；弱点kind→kindness

仁慈；好意careless→carelessness

粗心大意dark→darkness

黑暗­thstrong→strength

力气；强项warm→warmth

温暖；热情true→truth

真相；真理wide→width

宽度后缀例词­y­ty­itydifficult→difficulty

困难cruel→cruelty

残酷；残暴safe→safety

安全disable→disability

无能；残疾responsible→responsibility

责任►对点练2单句语法填空①(2019·龙岩质检)MyEnglishimprovedalot;moreimportantly,Igainedmuch

(confident)．②(2019·九江模拟)Thatlittleactof

(kind)madeeveryonewhosawitfeelgood—butitmademefeelthebestofall!confidencekindness

动词、名词变形容词的后缀后缀例词­ableaccept→acceptable可接受的comfort→comfortable

舒适的fashion→fashionable

时髦的suit→suitable

合适的reason→reasonable

有道理的后缀例词­albenefit→beneficial

有益的music→musical

音乐的origin→original

最初的person→personal

个人的；私人的center→central

中央的；中心的nature→natural

自然的；天生的form→formal

正式的nation→national

全国的后缀例词­fuldoubt→doubtful怀疑的forget→forgetful

健忘的harm→harmful

有害的hope→hopeful

有希望的peace→peaceful

和平的care→careful

细心的use→useful

有用的success→successful

成功的help→helpful

有帮助的后缀例词­edscare→scared感到恐惧的confuse→confused

感到困惑的puzzle→puzzled

迷惑的worry→worried

担心的bore→bored

感到厌倦的excite→excited

激动的；兴奋的underline→underlined

加下画线的balance→balanced

均衡的后缀例词­ingsurprise→surprising令人惊讶的convince→convincing

令人信服的satisfy→satisfying

令人满意的worry→worrying

令人担心的bore→boring

令人厌烦的­ibleaccess→accessible容易达到的；容易取得的horror→horrible

可怕的；恐怖的terror→terrible

可怕的后缀例词­iveact→active积极的；活跃的effect→effective

有效的；生效的attract→attractive

有吸引力的impress→impressive

给人深刻印象的instruct→instructive

有教育意义的expense→expensive

昂贵的­ouscontinue→continuous

不断的；持续的anxiety→anxious

忧虑的caution→cautious

十分小心的；谨慎的curiosity→curious

好奇的humor→humorous

幽默的后缀例词­sometire→tiresome

令人厌倦的trouble→troublesome

麻烦的­ytaste→tasty

美味的；可口的health→healthy

健康的wealth→wealthy

富裕的；丰富的dirt→dirty

有灰尘的；脏的rain→rainy

有雨的sun→sunny

阳光明媚的cloud→cloudy

阴天的后缀例词­erneast→eastern东方的；向东的west→western

西方的；向西的­ishchild→childish

孩子气的fool→foolish

愚蠢的；可笑的self→selfish

自私的­icenergy→energetic

精力充沛的science→scientific科学的economy→economic

经济的history→historic

历史上著名的­aryimagine→imaginary

想象中的►对点练3单句语法填空①(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Runningischeap,easyandit'salways

(energy)．②(2019·九江模拟)Notonlytheteachersbutalsothestudentsfindthewebsite

(benefit)．③(2019·山西适应性考试)HewasmorethanjustanEnglishteacher,becausehealsotaughtme

(use)lessonsinlife.energeticbeneficialuseful④(2019·河北定州中学模拟)Mostpeoplenowadaysaresobusywiththeirlivesthattheydonothavetimetoenjoyahealthyand

(balance)diet.⑤(2019·湖南石门一中模拟)Idon'tthinkita

(reason)practiceforthemtobehavethatwayinoursociety.⑥(2019·河北定州中学模拟)Themeetingsupposedtobe

(success)turnedouttobeafailureintheend.balancedreasonablesuccessful

动词变名词的后缀后缀例词­ion/­sion/­ationcorrect→correction改正attract→attraction

吸引conclude→conclusion

结论；结束decide→decision

决定admit→admission

接纳；准许入学invite→invitation

邀请explain→explanation

解释expect→expectation

期望后缀例词­er/­orteach→teacher老师announce→announcer

播音员conduct→conductor

指挥；售票员­mentpunish→punishment

惩罚achieve→achievement

功绩；成就argue→argument

辩论；论据equip→equipment

装备；设备后缀例词­ance/­enceappear→appearance出现；外貌perform→performance

表演；节目exist→existence

存在；生存prefer→preference

偏爱­inghear→hearing

听力；听觉begin→beginning

开始­ure/­turefail→failure

失败press→pressure

压力mix→mixture

混合；混合物depart→departure

离开；出发后缀例词­yrecover→recovery恢复；痊愈discover→discovery

发现其他choose→choice

选择vary→variety

多样化；种类tend→tendency

趋向；趋势►对点练4单句语法填空①(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Thisswitchhasdecreased

(pollute)inthecountry'smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.②(2019·湖南石门一中模拟)—GoandsaysorrytoyourMom,Dave.—I'dliketo,butI'mafraidshewon'tbehappywithmy

(apologize)．③(2019·河北定州中学模拟)Without

(hesitate),Idecidedtofollowthemandwedidhavelotsoffunthatday.pollutionapology/apologieshesitation④(2019·河南豫南九校质量考评)Shewasputunderhousearresttwoyearsagobutremainedapowerfulsymbolinlastyear's

(elect)．⑤(2019·湖南石门一中模拟)Itisaveryeffectivewaytolearnthelanguageandimproveyour

(pronounce)．electionpronunciation

变动词的前缀与后缀前/后缀例词前缀en­able→enable使能够large→enlarge

扩大rich→enrich

使充实；使丰富danger→endanger

危及courage→encourage

鼓励前/后缀例词后缀­enbroad→broaden

使变宽ripe→ripen

使成熟sharp→sharpen

使尖锐wide→widen

加宽short→shorten

变短deep→deepen

加深dark→darken

使变暗hard→harden

使变硬前/后缀例词后缀­ifyclass→classify把……分类just→justify

证明……正确simple→simplify

简化beauty→beautify

美化­izeapology→apologize道歉emphasis→emphasize

强调memory→memorize

记住real→realize

认识到；实现►对点练5单句语法填空①(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurfaces,doexercisesto

(strength)yourlegmuscles(肌肉),avoidhillsandgetgoodrunningshoes.②(2019·湖南石门一中模拟)Mymother

(courage)meandinsistedthatIcontinuemyeducation.strengthenencouraged③(2019·东北三省四市联考)Ourgovernmentattachesmuchimportancetoeducationnow,which

(able)somanypeopletobewelleducated.④(2019·九江模拟)Thethingshesaidhurtmetoo,buthehasnot

(apology)tome.⑤(2019·东北三省四市联考)Ifyouwanttoliveasimplelife,youneedto

(simple)yourmind.enablesapologizedsimplify

表示否定意义或相反意义的前缀与后缀前/后缀例词前缀dis­agree→disagree不同意advantage→disadvantage

缺点appear→disappear

消失comfort→discomfort

不舒适的honest→dishonest

不诚实的il­legal→illegal不合法的logical→illogical

不合逻辑的前/后缀例词前缀im­polite→impolite无礼的patient→impatient

不耐烦的moral→immoral

不道德的in­formal→informal

非正式的convenient→inconvenient

不方便的direct→indirect

间接的ir­regular→irregular不规则的responsible→irresponsible

不负责任的mis­understand→misunderstand

误解lead→mislead误导前/后缀例词前缀un­usual→unusual

不寻常的willing→unwilling

不愿意的happy→unhappy

不高兴的known→unknown

不出名的后缀­lesshope→hopeless

绝望的end→endless

没完没了的care→careless

粗心的help→helpless

无助的use→useless

无用的►对点练6单句语法填空①(2019·青岛模拟)Astheycouldn'tplayoutdoors,theywere

(happy),andsomeevengotintofightsfromtimetotime.②(2019·九江模拟)Peopleonwelfarearewronglyseenaslazyor

(honest)．③(2019·东北三省四市联考)

(formal)clothesaresuitableforwearingathomeorinordinarysituations.④(2019·湖北沙市中学模拟)Wearegrowing

(patient)withthelackofresults.unhappydishonestInform