牛津高中英语译林版M6U3虚拟语气课件

虚拟语气theSubjunctiveMood1.英语动词有三种语气，陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。2.

定义：用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生或可能性比较小的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。一、虚拟语气定义IfI

won

thelottery,I

wouldbuyanexpensive

car.

(与现在事实相反）Ifhe

hadgot

upearly,

he

wouldnothavebeenlateforschool.（与过去事实反）如果他早起，他就不会上学迟到。IfI________(learn)howtoswim,I__________________(be)trappedinthisisland.（与过去事实相反）hadlearntwouldnothavebeen一、一般条件句中的虚拟语气时间If条件句主句过去现在

将来一、一般条件句中的虚拟语气时间If条件句主句过去haddonewouldshould+havedonesthcouldmight现在助动词be用were实义动词do用did

wouldshould+dosthcouldmight将来did/wereshoulddoweretodowouldshould+dosthcouldMight虚拟语气1.If型与现在事实相反虚拟IfI____astallasYaoMing,I______becomeafamousbasketballplayer.were与现在事实相反虚拟：wouldIfI____alotofmoney,

I_____buyavilla(别墅）.hadwould与现在事实相反虚拟：如果我是一名百万富翁，我会给浏阳一中建一座图书馆。如果我有足够的钱，我为每一位学生提供免费的三餐。如果我是超人，我会把钓鱼岛从日本手里抢回来。IfI______amillionaire,I_____buildalibraryforLiuyangNo.1MiddleSchool.IfI_____enoughmoney,I___________(supply)freefoodtothestudents.IfI______asuperman,I______seizeDiaoYuIslandsbackfromJapan.werewouldhadwouldsupplywerewouldGroupwork与过去事实相反虚拟：IfJackon____________boardtheTitanic,he

__________________Rose.hadn’tbeenwouldn’thavemetIf从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式过去haddonewould/could/should/might+havedone与过去事实相反虚拟：Ifjack

hadn’tbeen

onboardtheTitanic,he

wouldn’thavemet

Rose.

IfTitanic________(nothit)aniceberg,theunsinkableship_______________(notsink)intotheocean.hadn’thitwouldn’thavesunk与过去事实相反虚拟：Ifhe___________

(drive)morecarefully,he__________________(nothave)thecaraccidentyesterday.haddriven

wouldnothavehad

与过去事实相反虚拟：如果开学那天许翠霞老师不上街去吃饭，她就不会被车撞，如果她小心点，她就能躲过这场事故。如果司机开慢点，就能避免这次事故。如果她不出这次事故，他就可以快乐的上班了。IfMissXuCuixia____________(notgo)outtohavelunch,she_____________________(nothurt)byathree-wheeledcar.Ifshe__________(be)carefulwhencrossingthestreet,she_______________(escape)theaccident；andifthedriver______________(drive)slowly,theaccident______________________(avoid).Ifshe_____________(nothave)suchaterribleaccident,she___________(go)toworkhappilyeverydaynow.与过去事实相反虚拟：Groupworkhadn’tgonewouldn’thavebeenhurthadbeenwouldhaveescapedhaddrivencouldhavebeenavoidedhadn’thadcouldgoIftheGod________________________(give)meanotherchance，I_________(tell)thegirlthreewords,“Iloveyou.”IfI______(haveto)setatimelimittoourlove,It_________(be)10,000years!shouldgive/weretogive/gave

wouldtellhadto

wouldbe

如果上天能够给我一个再来一次的机会，我会对那个女孩子说三个字：我爱你。如果非要在这份爱上加上一个期限，我希望是--一万年!

大话西游与将来事实相反虚拟：______Iyou,Iwouldgowithhimtotheparty.

A.Was B.Hadbeen

C.Willbe D.Were

Hadyoulistenedtothedoctor，you________better.

A.are

B.were

C.wouldbe

D.wouldhavebeenIf型特例1：省略if的条件从句：总结：从句中有were,had或

should

时，省略if，而把它们放在句首。虚拟语气3.Ifyou

had

nothelpedme，Ishouldhavefailed.2.Ifheshouldfailintheexperimentthistime,hewouldtryagain.

Practice:1.IfIwereyou,Iwouldnotdothat.WereIyou,Iwouldnotdothat.Shouldhefailedintheexperimentthistime,hewouldtryagain.Hadyounothelpedme,Ishouldhavefailed.Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldbeacollegestudentnow.如果以前你努力学习的话，你现在就会是大学生了．If型特例2：错综时间条件句虚拟语气If型特例2：错综时间条件句定义：从句与主句的动作发生的时间不同。Iftheyhadstudied

hard,theycoulddoiteasilynow.与过去相反与现在相反各自为准动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整．

Practice:Ifyouhadlistenedtothedoctor,you_____allrightnow.A.are

B.were

C.wouldbe

D.wouldhavebeen三个建议四个要求insistorder,commandadvise,suggest,proposedemand,require,request,ask其后的宾语从句及其同根名词引导的主语，表语，同位语从句中。虚拟语气Should+v型两个命令一个坚持1.在宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句，主语从句中。这种用法的常用词有：Translation他建议我们早点回家。Hesuggestedthatwe(should)gohomeearlier.Itwassuggestedthatwe(should)gohomeearlier.Hissuggestionwasthatwe(should)gohomeearlier.Hemadeansuggestionthatwe(should)gohomeearlier.虚拟语气宾语从句主语从句表语从句同位语从句TIPST.orF.Youpalefacesuggeststhatyou(should)beill.Yourpalefacesuggeststhatyouareill.Iinsistedthatyou(should)bewrong.Iinsistedthatyouwerewrong.insist/suggest各有两种意思，要用不同的语气Insist表示“坚决要求”时，用虚拟形式，即should+do;Insist表示“坚持认为，坚持说”时，用陈述语气，表示事实。Suggest表示“建议”时，用虚拟形式。Suggest表示“表明、暗示”时，用陈述语气。FTFT虚拟语气虚拟语气类似用法的词有：necessary，strange，natural，apity,

ashame,

nowonder…Should+V型2.Itisimportant(necessary,strange,)that....TheSubjunctivemoodIf型Should+v型1.did…2.haddone…3.wereto/did/should…错综时间条件句(各自为准)Were,had,should提前，省略if1.一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。2.Itis（necessary，strange…）+that…insistsuggestSummary虚拟语气应试对策判断是否虚拟2.判断虚拟类型3.判断虚拟时间Pass!Wish/Asif(though)3.类似if型虚拟语气Wouldrather/IfonlyButfor+n/Without+nIt’s(high)time+thatWish/Asif/（though）+从句现在:

过去时（were）过去:

过去完成时(haddone)未来:

would/could/might+V.(原)类似if型（1）虚拟语气[例句]

1.IwishIwere30yearsyounger.2.Iwish(that)youwouldgetagoodjob.3.Hewishedhehadn‘tdoneit.4.Hetreatsthelittlegirlasifshewereheowndaughter.类似if型

wouldrather+that（从句）宁愿......Ifonly+要是......过去时过去完成时现在过去过去时过去完成时现在/将来过去类似if型（2）虚拟语气It’s(high)time+that过去时(were)/Should(不省)+V.你该走了。It’shightimethatyou

went.It’shightimethatyou

should

go.我们该去睡觉了。It’stimethatwe

wenttobed.It’stimethatwe

should

gotobed.类似if型（3）类似if型（4）虚拟语气butfor+n(要不是),without+n,otherwise(否则)，inthatcase，一些短语相当于虚拟条件从句（if…）,其后的句子与虚拟条件主句用法一致。+句子would/could/should/might+V.(原)would/could/should/might+havedone现在/将来过去1.Butforyourhelp,we

(make)suchrapidprogress.

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