HVAC 专业术语(暖通空调专业英文缩写词)

编制目的为了在工程设计文件中正确使用英文缩写词和理解英文词表达的函义，特编制本文件。适用范围英文缩写词可以在英文注释的专业图纸和设计文件中使用。中文注释的图纸和文件除特殊情况外一般不采用。注意事项3.1在绘制工程设计图纸时，英文缩写词一律采用大写字母。3.2编制设计标准和设计文件时，除国家、机关、学会、工程单位等名称需采用大写字母的缩写词外，其余均应优先采用小写字母的缩写词，没有小写字母的缩写词时，再采用大写字母的缩写词。顺序号缩写词英文全文及中文涵义1aAabsorption2A吸收（作用）①ammeter3AAC安培计、电流计②ampere安培③assembly装配，组合，成套设备，机组，部件acoustical-absorptioncoefficient4AACC吸音系数AmericanAutomaticControlCouncil5美国自动控制委员会AmericanAir-FilterCo.6AB美国空气过滤器公司anchorbolt7ABA1地脚螺栓AmericanBoiler&AffiliatedIndustries8817181718ACRautomaticcontroller美国锅炉和附属设备制造厂商协会910abbabbreviation缩写,简体abrabridgement简介、简述abs①absolute910②absorption吸收顺序号缩写词英文全文及中文涵义11111213141516AmericanBureauofStandards美国标准局absolutehumidity绝对湿度absolutetemperature绝对温度absorptioncoefficient吸收系数AC①aircondenser空气冷凝器②aircooling空气冷却③alternatingcurrent交流电A/C①aircondition(-ing,-ed,-er)空调(机)②aircompressor空气压缩机accaccessories附件，零件，附属设备192021顺序号22232425262728293031自动控制器ACSautomaticcontrolsystem自动控制系统actualstondard现行标准ACUair-conditioningunit空调机组缩写词英文全文及中文涵义AD①airduct风道anemostaticdiffuser恒速式散流器adjustablespeed可调速度ADPapparatusdewpoint机器露点AESCAmericanEngineeringStandardsCommittee美国工程标准委员会AEVautomaticexpansionvalve自动膨胀阀AFairfilter空气过滤器AGasbestosgasket石棉垫片AGAAmericanGasAssociation美国煤气协会AGCautomaticgaugecontroller自动测量控制器AHUair-handlingunit组合式空调机，空气处理机组

AIRCHGairchange(s)换气量，换气次数ALMalarm警报器，信号装置，警报缩写词英文全文及中文涵义altaltitude>_..>.I—->_.高度，标高ambienttemperature周围温度，室温，环境温度ANairnatural（cooled）自然通风（冷却）的AmericanNationalStandardsInstitute美国国家标准学会AOairoutlet送风口AmericanPatent美国专利APCAAirPollutionControlAssociation美国空气污染控制协会APHAAmericanPublicHealthAssociation美国公共卫生协会appxappendix附录、补遗APSaccessorypowersupply辅助电源ARIAirconditioningandRefrigerationInstitute空调制冷研究所（美）AS①airspeed风速3233顺序号343536373839404142434445AmericanStandard美国标准顺序号缩写词英文全文及中文涵义46AmericanStandardAssociation美国标准协会47ASCEAmericanSocietyofCivilEngineers美国土木工程师学会48ASHRAEAmericanSocietyofHeatingRefrigeratingandAirConditioningEngineers美国供热制冷和空调工程师协会49ASHVEAmericanSocietyofHeatingandVentilationEngineers美国供暖通风工程师学会（ASHRAE的前身）50at①airtight不透气，气密的②atmosphere大气，大气压51ATSabsolutetemperaturescale绝对温标52AUTOautomatic自动的53AUXauxiliary辅助的，附件，辅助装置54AVanglevalve角阀55av;avgaverage平均，平均的56AVDautomaticventdamper自动风阀顺序号缩写词英文全文及中文涵义

actualworkingpressure实际工作压力AWTaveragewatertemperature平均水温BBbolt螺栓BARbarometer气压计，气压表BASBritishAssociationStandard英国协会标准betweencenters中心间距，轴间BESABritishEngineeringStandardAssociation英国工程标准协会BF①boilerfeed锅炉给水②bypassfactor旁路系数BFPboiler-feedpump锅炉给水泵BHNBrinellhardnessnumber布氏硬度数BHPbrakehorsepower制动马力，轴功率blackiron黑铁（皮）缩写词英文全文及中文涵义biblbibliography书目，文献目录575859606162636465666768顺序号697070717172737475767778顺序号BL①baseline基线②baseload基本负荷boundaryline边界线batterylimits界区BLDblind盲板，档板BLDGbuilding建筑物BLKblank空白，盲板BLRboiler锅炉bottomofduct风道底（标高）BOMbillofmaterial材料表，材料单bottomofpipe管底（标高）①baseplate底板，底座②backpressure背压缩写词英文全文及中文涵义barometricpressure表压力，大气压boilerpressure锅炉压力

⑤boilingpoint沸点⑥bypass旁路，旁通管⑦BritishPatent英国专利brbranch支线（管）BRABritishRefrigerationAssociation英国制冷协会BRACABritishRefrigerationandAirConditioningAssociation英国制冷空调协会BRKTbracket托架，支架BS①BritishAtandard英国标准②BureauofStandard标准局（美）BSDBuildingSystemDesign美国《建筑系统设计》期刊BSI①BritishStandardsInstitution英国标准协会缩写词英文全文及中文涵义②BuildingSocieties'Institute建筑学会联合会bsmtbasement地下室BSPBritishstandardpipe英国标准管BSSBritishStandardSpecification79808182838485顺序号868788英国标准规范89BTUHBritishthermalunitsperhour英热单位每小时90BUbushing内外螺纹接头91BV①ballvalve球阀②butterflyvalve蝶阀92BWbuttweld对焊，对缝焊接C93C①centre中心②circuit电路，回路③close闭合的，关闭，接通④constant常数顺序号缩写词英文全文及中文涵义⑤cycle循环，周期94CA①cooledinair风冷的②coldair冷空气，冷风③compressedair压缩空气95CADcomputer-aideddesign计算机辅助设计96979899100101102顺序号103104105106107capcapacity容量，生产能力CAScaststeel铸钢catcatalog目录，条目，总目，样本CB①controlboard控制盘，操纵盘②controlbutton控制按钮③catchbasin集水井，滤污器CCcoolingcail冷却盘管C/Ccenter-to-center中心距CCRcriticalcompressionratio临界压缩比缩写词英文全文及中文涵义CDceilingdiffuser吊顶散流器CE①chiefengineer总工程师②civilengineering土木工程CEMcementlined水泥衬里，水泥抹面CENTcentrifugal离心（式）的CEPcondensateextractionpump凝结水排水泵

108109110111112113114115顺序号116117118119120121122certcertificate证明书，合格证CFcontactfactor接触系数CFMcubicfeetperminute立方英尺每分CFScubicfeetpersecond立方英尺每秒CGceilinggrille吊顶风口CHchimney烟道chchapter章CHANchannel槽钢，通道缩写词英文全文及中文涵义chemchemical化学的CHWPchilledwaterpump冷冻水泵CHWRchilledwaterreturn冷冻回水CHWSchilledwatersupply冷冻供水castiron铸铁circulatingpump循环水泵circulatingwaterflow循环供水

123124125126127128顺序号129130131132133134135circulatingwaterreturn循环回水CL①centerline中心线，轴线②class类别，级别CLGceiling吊顶，天花板CMcolourmark色标CNconstructionnorth建北COceilingoutlet吊顶送风口缩写词英文全文及中文涵义Cpany公司coeffcoefficient系数，率colcolumn柱，纵行，栏，项目COMPRcompressor压缩机concconcentration浓度concreteduct水泥风道cond①condenser冷凝器，电容器②conductivity传导系数

136137138139140顺序号141142143144145③condens(e)(-ing,-ed,-er)冷凝(器)vondenserwaterreturn冷凝器回水condenserwatersupply冷凝器供水controlvalve调节阀，控制阀Convconvector对流器COP①coefficientofperformance（制冷）工作系数，性能系数缩写词英文全文及中文涵义②centerofpipe管中心corrcorrection修正，校正，改正CP①calorificpower发热量，热值②CanadionPatent加拿大专利③checkpoint检测点④constantpressure恒压，等压CPLGcoupling联轴节，连接，管箍cpmcyclesperminute周每分c.r.continuousrating连续（额定）功率

146147148149150顺序号151152153154155156CPGceilingreturngrille吊顶回风口cr.s.crosssection横截面CScarbonsteel碳钢CTcoolingtower冷却塔CTRcoolingtowerretun冷却塔回水缩写词英文全文及中文涵义CTScoolingtowersupply冷却塔供水cu.cubic立方的，三次的cubicfeet立方英尺CV①calorificvalue热值，发热量②checkvalve止回阀，逆止阀③constantvolume定风量，定容CW①coldwater冷水②coolingwater冷却水③continuouswelding连续焊CWPcoolingwaterpump冷却水泵

CWRcoolingwaterreturn冷却回水CWScoolingwatersupply冷却供水DD①degree度，程度缩写词英文全文及中文涵义②density密度③diameter直径④drop降落，温度降，压力降decibelsofsoundonanA-scale在A音阶上的分贝音量DBTdrybulbtemperature干球温度DCdirectcurrent直流电DDdualduct双风管def.definition定义deg.cent.degreecentigrade摄氏度degreefanrenheit华氏度deg.K.degreeKelvin开氏度DETdetail157158159顺序号160161162163164165166167168零年，详图169diagdiagram图表，图解，曲线图，示意图170DINDeutscheIndustrieNorman德国工业标准顺序号缩写词英文全文及中文涵义171dischdischarge排出，流出172distdistribution分布，分配173d.l.a.dustladeair含尘空气174DN①down下②nominaldiameter公称直径175DP①dewpoint露点②differantialpressure压差，压降③designpressure设计压力④drainpipe排水管176DPAdaysperannum每年日数177DPT①dewpointtemperature露点温度②dewpointthermostat露点温控器178dr.drain179顺序号180181182183184185186187188189190191泄水，排水DSductshaft竖向结构风道缩写词英文全文及中文涵义DSSTheSocietyofDomesticandSanitaryEngineeringStandard

美国卫生工程协会标准DWGdrawing图纸，制图drawingnumber图号directexpansioncoil直接膨胀管EEeast东EAexhaustair排风EACelectrostaticaircleaner静电滤尘器EBPexhaustbackpressure排汽背压ECSenvironmentalcontrolsystem环境控制系统ED①edition版本，版次②exhaustduct排风管EDPengineeringdesignplan工程设计方案EFexhaustfan

顺序号192193194195196197198199200201202203顺序号排风机缩写词英文全文及中文涵义effefficiency效率EGexhaustairgrille排风口EHexhausthood排风罩EHPelcctrichorsepower电功率EI①exhaustinlet排风入口②EngineeringIndex工程技术文献索引（美）EJexpansionjoint伸缩器，伸缩缝，补偿器EL①exhaustloss排出损失②expansionline膨胀管ELBelbow弯头elevelevation标高，海拔，正视图EMengineeringmanual工程手册emgemergency事故，紧急情况ENCLenclosure,enclosed外壳，套，界限，封闭式的缩写词英文全文及中文涵义

204205206207208209210211212213214215顺序号216ENGRengineering工程，设计EP①explosionproof防爆②EnglishPatent英国专利EPAEnvironmentalProtectionAgency环境保护局(美)EPRevaporatorpressureregulator蒸发器压力调节器ERTelectricresistancethermometer电阻温度计ESHFeffectivesensibleheatfactor有效显热系数estestimate估计，预算，概算ESVemergencystopvalve紧急切断阀ETexpansiontank膨胀水箱ETRevaporatortemperatureregulator蒸发器温度调节器EV①elevator电梯②expansionvalve膨胀阀EVAPevaporat(e)(-ing,-ed,-or)蒸发(器)缩写词英文全文及中文涵义exhexhaust排气

217218219220221222223224225顺序号226227228EXISTexisting现行的，现有的expexpansion膨胀，增大ext①extension伸长，发展，附加物②external外部的，表面的FFfilter过滤器FAfreshair新鲜空气，新风FAIfreshairinlet通风孔，新风入口FC①firecontrol消防②fancoilunit风机盘管forceddraft强制通风，送风FD①firedamper防火阀②floordrain地漏缩写词英文全文及中文涵义FDFforced-draft-fan送风机FDNfoundation基础FDWfeedwater

229230231232233234235236237238顺序号239240241242供水F/Ffieldfaricated现场制造FGfluegas烟气FHfirehydrant消火栓figfigure图，插图FINfinish完成，成品，加工FL①floor层，地板②fullload全负荷，满载flgflange法兰，凸缘FOBfreeonboard离岸价（船上交货）FORfueloilreturn回（燃料）油管FOSfueloilsupply供（燃料）油管缩写词英文全文及中文涵义FPfireproof防火，耐火的FRPfiberreinforcedplastic玻璃钢FRTfreight运费，货运FSforgedsteel

243244245246247248249顺序号250251252253254锻钢FTG①fitting配件，管件，装配，组装②footing基础脚，底座脚FVDfirevolumedamper

防火调节阀FW①fieldweld现场焊接②freshwater新鲜水，淡水Gggas气体，煤气generalassemblydrawing总装配图GreatBritain大不列颠，英国GENgenerator发电机，发生器缩写词英文全文及中文涵义GHCgreenhousecontroller温室控制器GHRgrossheatrate总热耗galvanizediron镀锌薄钢板，白铁皮glglass玻璃，镜GLVglobevalve截止阀

gorgovernor调节器，调速器gpgaugepressure表压GermanPatent德国专利grgrade级，度，坡度gradgradient梯度GRDground地坪GRTGgrating棚，格栅GSHFgrandsensibleheatfactor总显热系数GSKTgasket垫片，密封垫缩写词英文全文及中文涵义GTHgrandtotalheat总热量GVgatevalve闸阀GWgrossweight总重，毛重HH①hardness硬度，硬性②head高差，压头③heat255256257258259260261262263顺序号264265266267268269顺序号270271272273274275276热量，加热，热heater加热器height>_..>.高度humidity湿度humidistat恒湿器，湿度调节器HAhotair热风HC①heatingcoil加热盘管②handcontrol手（动）控制缩写词英文全文及中文涵义③hoseconnection

软管连接，软管接头hdbkhandbook手册HDRheader集气管，联管箱，顶盖，端板HEhighefficiency高效HHhandhole手孔HMFhumidifier加湿器horhorizontal水平的，卧式的HP①horsepower

277278279280顺序号281282283284285286287288马力，功率②highpressure高压HPACHeatingPiping&AirConditioning美国《供热、配管、空气调节》期刊HRheatrate热耗率HRAheating,refrigeratingandairconditioning供暖制冷和空气调节HRDhalfrounddiffuser半圆散流器缩写词英文全文及中文涵义HSDhighspeedduct高速风管h/SdiagramEnthalpy/Entropydiagram焓熵图，h-S图heattransfercoefficient传热系数HTWhightemperaturewater高温热水HV①heatingandventilation供暖通风②heatingvalue热值HVACheatingventilation,airconditioning供暖通风空气调节HVEheatingandventilatingengineer暖通工程师HWhotwater热水

289290291292293顺序号294295296297298299300301HWPhotwaterpump热水泵HWRhotwaterreturn热水回水管HWShotwatersupply热水供水管HXheatexchanger换热器HYDThydraulictesting水压试验缩写词英文全文及中文涵义Iinput输入IAMAPInternationalAssociationofMeteorologyandAtmosphericPhysics国际气象和大气物理协会IBRInstituteofBoilerandRadiatorManufacturers锅炉和散热器制造业协会ID①induceddraft引风②insidediameter内径IDFinduced-draft-fan引风机IDHAInternationalDistrictHeatingAssociation国际区域供热协会IGinletgrille吸风口ihindirectheating

302303顺序号304305306307308309310311312313314315间接加热indicatedhorsepower指示功率IHVEInstituteofHeatingandVentilatingEngineers英国暖通工程师学会缩写词英文全文及中文涵义InternationalInstituteofRefrigeration国际制冷学会ILintensitylevel声强级IMEInstitytionofMecnicalEngineers机械工程师学会（英）indindicator指示器2Oinchesofwater英寸水柱insinsulated绝热的，绝缘的instinstallation安装设备INSTRinstruction说明书INTLKintotlock连锁装置INTMTintermittent间歇的IOinletopening吸风口IPSironpipesize

铸铁管径ISAInternationalStandardizationAssociation国际标准化协会缩写词英文全文及中文涵义ISOInternationalAtandardizationOrganization国际标准化组织isothisothermal等温的ISUinternationalstandardunit国际标准单位ITinlettemperature进口温度IU①inductionunit诱导器②internationalunit国际单位JJapaneseEngineeringStandardAssociation日本工程标准协会JICSTJapanInformationCenterofScience&Technology日本科技情报中心JISJapanIndustrialStandard日本工业标准jntjoint接头，接合jobnumber项目号316顺序号317318319320321322323324325326192021192021顺序号缩写词英文全文及中文涵义327Kheattransfercoefficient传热系数328KBkneebrace斜撑，角撑工程专用语一、问候与介绍(GREETINGSANDINTRODUCTIONS)Howdoyoudo?你好吗?（初次见面）Howareyou?你好吗?（日常见面）Fine,thanks.很好,谢谢你.Iamverywell,thankyou.我很好,谢谢你.Goodmorning,Mr.Jack.早安,杰克先生午安午安,玛利小姐Goodafternoon,MissMary.Goodevening,Dr.John.晚安,约翰博士Verypleasedtomeetyou,youarewelcome.我很高兴见到你,欢迎你我很高兴见到你我很高兴见到你Iamverygladtoseeyou.10WelcometoChina.欢迎你到中国来11Welcometoourjobsite.欢迎你到我们工地来12Forourfriendshipandcooperation,Iwishweshallhaveafriendlycooperationincomingdays.祝愿友谊与合作,希望今后友好共事.1213Letusworktogetherforourcommonjob.让我们为共同的事业一起工作吧.1314HappyNewYear!新年快乐!15HappySpringFestival.春节快乐!16MerryChristmas!圣诞节快乐!17CongratulationstoyourNationalDay!祝贺你们的国庆节!18Happybirthdaytoyou!祝你生日快乐!Allowmetointroducemyself,mynameisLiHan请允许我自我介绍,我的名字叫李汉.Pleaseallowmetointroduceafellowofmine,Mr.请允许我介绍一位我的同事,某先生Iamamanager.(projectmanager,residentconstructionmanager,constructionsuperintendent,controller,staffmember,engineer,technician,economist,supervisor,foreman,worker）.我是经理（项目经理,驻地总代表,工地主任,管理员,职员,工程师,技术员,经济员,检查员,工长,工人）IworkintheSINOPECEngineeringIncorporation(SEI)finanicialDepartment(ConstructionDepartment,ProjectDepartment,).我在中石化工程建设公司财务部(施工部,项目部)工作.Mytechnicalspecialty(speciality)iscivilengineering.(chemicalengineering,process,mechanicalequipment,electrical,instrumentation,piping,welding,furnacebuilding,corrosionprevention,thermal-insulationheatingventilation,qualitycontrol).我的技术专业是土建工程(化工工艺,工艺,机械设备,电气,仪表,管道,焊接,筑炉,防腐,保温,采暧通风,质量管理)What'syourspecialty?你的专业是什么?Iamamechanician(electrician,pipelayer,welder,carpenter,turner,blacksmith,builder,erector,riveter,rigger,concreteworker,enginedriver,repairworker)我是一个机械钳工(电工,管工,焊工,木工,车工,铁工,建筑工人,安装工人,铆工,起重工,混凝土工,司机,修理工).What'syournationality?AreyouAmerican?(English,Japanese,German,French,Italian,Romanian)你是什么国籍的?你是美国人吗?(英国人,日本人,德国人,法国人,意大利人,罗马尼亚人)What'syourname?你的名字叫什么?CanIhaveyourname,please?请问你的名字?Whatcompanydoyouworkfor?你在哪家公司工作?Whichdepartmentdoyoubelongto?你属于哪个部门?Kindlygiveusyouradvice,please.请多指教!Thanksforyourdirection.感谢你的指导.Good-bye.再见Seeyouagain.再见Seeyoulater.回头见Seeyoutomorrow.明天见二.交谈语言(TALKINGABOUTLANGUAGES)DoyouspeakEnglish?你能讲英语吗?LetustalkinEnglish?让我们用英语交谈吧!IcanspeakEnglishonlyalittle,doyouunderstandme?

404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263我只能说一点英语,你能听懂吗?Excuseme,sometimesImakemistakeswhenIspeakEnglish.请原谅,我讲英语有时会出错.Speakslowly,please.IintendtolearntospeakEnglish.请讲慢一点,我想学一点英语.Iamverysorry,IcannotspeakEnglishverywell,butIcanreaddocumentinEnglish.我很抱歉,我的英语说得不好,但我能看懂英语资料.PleasewritedowntheEnglishwordsofthisforus.请用英文字写出来给我们看.WritethiswordinEnglish,please.请将这字出英文来。Icannotunderstandyou,sayitagain,please.我不懂你讲的，请再讲一遍。DoyouknowhowweshouldexpresstheideainEnglish?你可知道我们应该如何用英文表达这个意思？Whatdoesthiswordmean?这字是什么意思？Weshouldliketohaveaninterpreter,letuscallhim.我们应该找一个翻译来。Ismypronunciationcorrect?我的发音对吗？Ihavetroublewithpronunciation.我在发音上有困难。Howmanylanguagesdoyouspeak?你能讲几种语言？Icanread(speak)Englishonlywiththehelpofadictionary(taperecorder)我仅能借助字典(磁带录音机)阅读(讲说)英语。DoyouspeakChinese?CanyouwriteChinesecharacters?你能讲汉语吗？你会写汉字吗？PleasetellmehowtospellEnglishword.请告诉我怎样拼读这个英文字。Idonotunderstand,canyourepeatit?我不懂，你能重复一次吗？Icannotcatchupwithyou.我赶不上你(我不明白你的意思)。Icanfollowyou.我能听懂你的话。Lettheinterpretercontinue.让翻译接着讲。PleaseputthesentenceintoChinese(English).请把句子译成汉语(英语)。HaveyouamindtolearnChinese?你想学汉语吗？日期和时间(DATESANDTIMES)Whatmonthisthis?现在是几月份？ThisisJanuary.(February,March,April,May,June,July,August,September,October,November,December).现在是元月份。Whatdayistoday?今天是星期几？

TodayisSunday.(Monday,Tuesday,Wednesday,Thursday,Friday,Saturday).今天是星期日。Whatisthedatetoday?今天是几号？TodayisAprilsixth,nineteeneighty-two.今天是一九八二年四月六日。Whattimeisit?现在是几点钟？Itissixo'clock.现在是六点。Itissevenpastnine.现在是九点过七分。Itisafewminutesafterthree.现在是三点过几分。Itisaquartertoten.现在是十点差一刻。Willyoubehereateighto'clocktomorrow?请你明天八点钟到这里来，行吗？Weshallcomeathalfpastseven,whenwillyoucome?我们七点钟来，你什么时候来？Weshallbeontime,Ihope.我们希望我们将按时到达。Wegettoworkatseventhirtyeverymorningandfinishworkingateleventhirtybeforenoon.a.m.(=beforenoon)午前我们每天早上七点三十分开始工作，到十一点三十分结束工作。Weworkfromtwountilsixo'clockafternoon(p.m)everyday.我们每天下午从两点到六点工作。Wehavebreakfastatseven.我们七点进早餐。Wehavedinneratelevenforty-five.我们十一点四十五分进午餐。Wehavesupperatsixafternoon.我们下午六点进晚餐。WehaveadayofrestonSundayeveryweek.我们每星期日休息。四、天气和环境(WEATHERANDENVIRONMENT)Itisveryfinetoday,theweatherissuitableforourwork.今天天气很好，适合我们工作。Itisnotatallaniceday.Itwillgetcolder.天气一点也不好，要变冷起来。Wecannotcontinuetheoutdoorwork,becauseitisraining(sleeting)now.因为现在下雨(雨夹雪)，我们不能继续在室外工作。Itisgoingtosnow(hail)tomorrow,somemeasuremustbetakentopreventfreezing.明天将下雨(冰雹)，为预防冰冻必须采取一些措施Theliftingworkonsitewillbecompelledtostop,owingtothestrongwind.由于强风(浓雾)，现场起重吊装工作将被迫停止。Wehaveanap(interval)afterlunchinhotseason.热天午餐后，我们有一个午餐(中休)时间。

878889909192店、93备。949596979899100五、101102Theweatheriswarm(cold)andsunny(cloudy)here.这里气候温和(寒冷)，阳光充沛(阴天多云)Whatistheweatherforecastfortoday?今天天气预报怎样？Theweathermansays:thehighesttemperatureduringthedaywillbetwentyonedegreescentigrade(21°C).天气预报说：今天白天最高气温为摄氏温度二十一度。Thetemperaturewilldroptofiveabove(below)zerotonight.今晚温度将降至零上(下)五度。Itisspring(summer,autumn,winter)timenow.现在是春天(夏、秋、冬)Thisroadleadstothefactory.(PostOffice,TelegraphOffice,TelephoneBooth.TravelAgency,CustomHouse,Bank,Hotel,Restaurant,DepartmentStore,BookStore,Hospital,Theatre,Park).这条路通到工厂。(邮局、电报局、电话间、旅行社、海关、银行、酒店、餐厅、百货商书店、医院、戏院、公园)Thereisanequipmentinfrontofthebuilding.(behindthewatertower,underthepiperack,onthefloor,insidethesteelstructure,intheworkshop)在建筑物前面(在水塔后面、管廊下面、在地面上、在钢结构里面、在车间内)有一台设Ourconstructionsiteisnorth(south,east,west)ofNanjing,neartheChangjiangRiver.(YantzeRiver,YellowRiver).我们的工地在南京以北(南、东、西)，靠近长江(扬子江，黄河)。ItisaboutonehundredtwentykilometerfromheretoDjakarta.这里离雅加达约一百二十公里。Itisonlyashortway,turnleft(right)atthenextcrossstreet,andthengostraighton.离这里只有一小段路，到下一个十字路口向左(右)拐，然后一直向前走就到。Itisveryconvenientfromheretoshanghai.这里到上海(北京、天津、广州、苏州)很方便。Youcangettherebytrain.(airplane,ship,bus)(你可以乘火车去)Ifitshouldraintomorrow,theworkwouldbepostponedforsomedays.如果明天下雨，工作就要延期几天。Theclimatequiteagreeswithus.(agreetosth)这气候对我们很适宜。在会议上(ATTHEMEETING)Ourmeetingwillbeateighto'clocknextTuesday.我们的会议将在下星期二八点举行。WewanttochangeourmeetingfromMondaytoWednesday.

103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124我们想把会议由星期一改为星期三。Sitdown,please.Haveasmokeandacupoftea.请坐，请抽烟、喝茶。Whichproblemsshallwediscusstoday?我们今天将讨论哪些问题？Todayweshalldiscussthequestionofhydraulical(pneumatic)test.今天我们将讨论水压(气压)试验问题。Pleasegiveusyouropinion.(pointofview,ideas)请把你的意见(观点、想法)告诉我们。Wemustknowyouropinion.我们必须知道你的意见。Wearewillingtoacceptyoursuggestion.我们乐于采纳你的建议。Yoursuggestionsuitsus.Weagree.你的建议适合我们，我们同意。Pleaseforgiveme.Wehavedifferent(opposite)viewsonthis.Ouropinionis...请原谅，我们对此有不同的(相反的)看法，我们的意见是…Iamverysorry,butIdisagreewithyou.我很抱歉，我不同意你说的。Weshouldbeabletosettlethisquestion.我们应该能够解决这个问题。Wewouldliketo(愿意)hearyouropinions.(listentoyouropinion)我们应该听一下你的意见。Wemustactaccordingtothecontract.我们必须照合同办事。Thanksfortheadvice,butthisissomethingwehavetofigureout(workout)ourselves.感谢你的劝告，但此事我们要自己考虑一下。(解决)Idonotseeanypointindiscussingthequestionanyfurther.我认为进一步讨论此事没有必要。Letusdiscusstheseproblemsonebyone.(stepbystep)让我们一个一个地讨论这些问题。Doyouagreewithme?你同意我吗？Iagree.我同意。Idisagree.我不同意。Iagreewithyou,butwithsomereservations.我同意，但有某些保留。Ithinkso.我想是这样。Idonotthinkso.我不这样想。Shallwehaveabreak?我们休息一下好吗？Itisaquestionwhichweshallnotdiscusshere.这个问题我们将不在此讨论。Wehavenotgetfullydetermined.我们尚未完全决定。Thisissomethingbeyondourcomprehension.这是我们不可理解的事。IregrettosaythatIcannotagreewithyou.我很抱歉，不能同意你。

Weholdtheopinionofourown.我们坚持我们的意见。Letusdecideonthispoint.让我们决定这一点。Wedecidetodoso.我们决定这样办。Thisproblemmustbereportedtothehigherlevel,theyhavefinalsaytomakedecisions.这个问题应该呈报上级，由他们最后决定。Yoursidewillbeheldresponsibleforalltheconsequences(结果)arisingtherefrom.由此产生的一切后果由你方负责。Letusdraftaresolutionaboutit.让我们为此起草一项决议。Pleasesignyournametotheminutesofthemeeting.请在会议记录上签字。Weshallmeetagaintomorrowmorning.我们明天早上接着开会。Letusputthismatterasideforsometimes,Good-bye.这事过些时再说，再见！Yourcooperationmeansmuchtous.你们的合作对我们是很重要的。六工程项目(ENGINEERINGPROJECT)Aprojectexecutionisusualdividedintosomeelementaryphases,suchas:engineering,procurementandtransportation,andfieldconstruction.一个工程项目的实施通常可分为几个基本阶段：工程设计、采购和运输，以及现场施工。Wearebuildinganethyleneplantwithanannualcapacityof300,000metrictons.我们正在建设一座年产三十万吨的乙烯工厂。ThecontractnumberofthisprojectisCJC78-8.这个项目的合同号是CJC78-8TheSeller(vendor)isToyoEngineeringCorporation(TEC)ofJapan.买方(卖主)是日本的东洋工程公司。TheBuyer(Customer,Client)isChinaNationalTechnicalImportCorporation(CNTIC).买方(主顾、顾客)是中国技术进口总公司。(简称CNTIC)SinopecEngineeringIncorporation(SEI)contractsfordomesticandoverseaspetrochemicalworks.中国石化工程建设公司(简称SEI)承包国内和海外的石油化工工程。Wecancontracttobuildturn-keyplant,undertakesingleitemsofprojectsasasubcontractororprovidelabourservices.我们可以承建成套工厂或分包单项工程或提供劳务。The"UHDE"CorporationofFederalGermany,takespartinthisprojectasapatentlicenser(owneroftheknow-how)联邦德国的“伍德”公司作为一个技术专利执行者参加此项工程。AreyoutheSeller'sRepresentativeonthejobsite?你是卖方的现场代表吗？IamtheBuyer'sGeneralRepresentative.(GR)我是买方的现场总代表。(简称：GR)Itisaninquiry(commercialandtechnicalproposal,approval,agreement,protocol,annex,technicalappendix)aboutthisproject.这是这个项目的询价书。(商务和技术报价书、批准书、协议、会议记录、附加条件、技术附件)Therearemanyinformationinthetechnicalproposal,whichincluding:processflow,processdescription,capacityoftheplant,performanceoftheproduct.技术报价书中有很多资料,包括:工艺流程、工艺说明、生产能力、产品特性等。Therearetwounits(installations)inthecontractplant.(withinthebatterylimits)在合同工厂内(界区范围内)有两个车间。(装置)Theprojectteamnormallyconsistsofprojectengineer,designengineer,scheduleengineer,andvariousspecialists.项目工作组通常包括有项目工程师、设计工程师、计划工程师以及各类专家。Wecanevaluatetheresultsoffieldconstructionbyfourcriteriawhicharequality,time,costandsafety.我们可以通过四个指标来评价现场的成绩，质量、时间进度、费用和安全。Iamresponsibleforthetechnical(scheduling,inspection,qualitycontrol)workofthisproject(area).我负责这个项目(区域)的技术(计划、检查、质量控制)工作。Wouldyoutellusthetechnicalcharacteristicaboutthisproject?你能告诉我们有关这个工程项目的技术特性吗？Pleasegiveadescriptionaboutthisproject.请对这个工程项目作一个叙述说明。Theprojectiscertaintobeasuccess请对这个工程项目一定会得到成功。Doyouhaveanyreferencematerialsaboutthisproject?你有关于这个工程项目的参考资料吗？七、计划与进度(PLANNINGANDSCHEDULING)Weshouldworkaccordingtheoverallschedulechart(theconstructiontimeschedule)oftheproject.我们应该按照工程项目的总进度表(建设进度表)工作。TheeffectivedateofthiscontractwillbeginfromJulysixth,1993.这个合同的有效期将从一九九三年七月六日开始。

157158159160161162163164165166167168169170171172TheSellerwillprovidepreliminary(final)technicaldocumentsforBuyerinMay.卖方将天五月份向买方提供初步(最终)技术文件。Thebasic(detailed)processdesignwillbeissuedbeforeAugust.基本的(详细的)工艺资料将于八月前发出。Ourmajorplanningitemscontainestimatingofcostandconstructionschedule.我们主要的计划工作项目包括费用预算和施工进度。Weshallhaveadesigncollecting(preliminarydesign,finaldesign)meetingnextmonth.下个月我们将召开设计数据收集(初步设计、最终设计)会议。OthermostprojectsCriticalPathMethod(CPM)isusedforscheduling.在我们的大多数工程项目中都采用“统筹法”即关键路线方法，简称(CPM)安排计划。Fielderectionwork(civilwork)willbegininOctoberthisyearandcompleteonJunefirstnextyear.现场安装工作(土建工作)将自今年十月开始至明年六月一日完工。Thiscontractplantwillstart-up(putincommissioning)onNovemberthirtythisyear.这座合同工厂将于今年十一月三十开车(投产)。ThedateofacceptanceofthisplantwillbeAprilsixth,1994.这座工厂的交工验收将在一九九四年四月六日。Theplantisscheduledtobecompletedaround1997工厂计划于一九九七年前后建成。The