高考英语现在分词和过去分词的用法异同复习课件新课标人教版整理

非谓语动词复习课

非谓语作状语定语宾补非谓语的解题方法非谓语动词复习课非谓语作状语定语宾补非谓语的解题方法1Iwanttoreadabookwrittenbythewomanlivingthere.toreadwrittenlivingIwanttoreadabookwritten2成分类别主语宾语表语定语状语宾补不定式Ｖ-ing过去分词√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√充当除谓语动词以外的各种句子成分成分主语宾语表语定语状语宾补不定式Ｖ-ing过去分3第四步：分析时态

第一步：辨别“谓与非谓”

第二步：找非谓语的逻辑主语

第三步：判断语态

非谓语的“有法可依”Task1Task2Task3第四步：分析时态

第一步：辨别“谓与非谓”

第二步：找非谓语4第一步：谓与非谓Therearenineplanets____aroundthesun,andtheearth____oneofthem.Ａ．moving;

beingB.

moving;

isC.

move;

beingD.

moved;

isBack第一步：谓与非谓Back5第二步：找非谓语的逻辑主语

一、作定语时，被修饰的词是逻辑主语二、作状语时，句子的主语是逻辑主语三、作宾语补足语时，宾语是逻辑主语Back第二步：找非谓语的逻辑主语

一、作定语时，被修饰的词是逻辑主6第三步：判断语态

在确定逻辑主语之后，分析非谓语动词和逻辑主语是主动还是被动关系。Findinghercarstolen,_______.

A.apolicemanwasaskedtohelpB.theareawassearchedthoroughlyC.ItwaslookedforeverywhereD.ShehurriedtoapolicemanforhelpBack第三步：判断语态

在确定逻辑主语之后，分析非谓语动词和逻辑主7Theproblem____nextisofgreatimportance.Thebuilding____nowisourfutureclassroom.Theproblem____just

nowisoftreatimportance.discussedB.beingbuiltC.tobediscussed根据非谓语自带的时间状语确定时间A______B__

C___NextTheproblem____nextisofgre8根据上下文的语境确定时间---LiMingissaid____abroad.Doyouknowwhatcountry---Yes,InLondon.

A.tohavestudiedB.tostudyC.tobestudyingD.tohavebeenstudyinghestudiedin?hewillstudyin?hestudiesin?ABCBack根据上下文的语境确定时间---LiMingissaid9The

buildingbeingbuiltnowisourfutureclassroom.

doingtobedonebeingdonedone进行主动将来被动进行被动完成被动The

stonechairsgivenbythestudentsoftheyearof1986areveryuseful.BackThebuildingbeingbuiltnowi10Seenfromspace,ourschoollookssmall.Seeingfromspace,wecanseeourschoollookssmall.ourschoolweBackSeenfromspace,ourschooll11

现在分词和过去分词的用法异同历来是学习中的难点和高考测试的重点。众所周知，两种分词的区别很多，但它们之间的根本区别是：

过去分词在时态上强调动作已经完成，在语态上侧重于被动；而现在分词在时态上强调动作正在进行，在语态上侧重于主动。这种根本的区别具体体现在两种分词分别充当的各种句子成份中。细述如下：现在分词和过去分词的用法异同历来是学习中的难12一、分词作定语

共同点：分词作定语时，如果分词只是一个单词，那么，该分词就位于其所修饰的名词之前；如果是分词短语，那么，该短语就位于其所修饰的名词之后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。

不同点：分词作定语时，被分词所修饰的名词就是该分词的逻辑主语。但现在分词与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，而过去分词则表示被动关系，一、分词作定语共同点：分词作定语时，如果分词131.Therewasaterriblenoise____thesuddenburstoflight.

A.followedB.followingC.tobefollowedD.beingfollowed

简析：首先，根据语法分析可知，句子后半部分是一个作定语、修饰noise的分词短语；再根据句意“一阵闪电之后，接着就是一声巨响。”可知，巨响应是主动，紧接在闪电之后的。因此，该题应选B。2.TheOlympicGames,____in776B.C.,didn’tincludewomenuntil1912.

A.firstplaying B.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayed D.tobeplaying

简析：首先，根据语法分析可知，待选部分是一个作定语、修饰TheOlympicGames的后置分词短语；再根据TheOlympicGames对于动词play来说只能是被动承受，且已完成(in776B.C.)。因此，该题应选C。3.What’sthelanguage____inGermany?A.speakingB.spokenC.bespokenD.tospeak

简析：该题应选B。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动，等于定语从句whichisspoken1.Therewasaterriblenoise_144.Mostofthepeople____tothepartywerefamousscientists.A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.inviting简析：该题应选A。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动，等于定语从句whowereinvited5.Mostoftheartists____tothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.hadbeeninvited简析：该题应选A。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动，等于定语从句whowereinvited6.Thecomputercentre,____lastyear,isverypopularamongthestudentsinthisschool.A.openB.openingC.havingopenedD.opened简析：该题应选D。测试过去分词短语作定语放在所修饰的名词后，可以用非限制性定语从句“whichwasopenedlastyear”代替7.Thefirsttextbooks____forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written简析：该题应选D。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动，等于定语从句whichwerewritten4.Mostofthepeople____tot15二、分词作表语

共同点：分词作表语时，它起着形容词的作用。

不同点：分词作表语时，句子的主语就是该分词的逻辑主语。但现在分词作表语时，与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，所表示的动作的一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；而过去分词则表示被动关系，所示动作一般发生在谓语动词之前或同时发生。二、分词作表语共同点：分词作表语时，它起着形161.Thisnewssounds____.A.encouragingB.encouragedC.encourageD.toencourage简析：首先，根据语法分析可知，待选部分在句中应作表语，因为sounds在此句中用作连系动词；再根据Thenews对于动词encourage来说应是主动关系，即这个消息本身就鼓舞人心。因此，该题应选A。2.-HowdidBobdointheexamsthistime?-Well,hisfatherseems____withhisresults.A.pleasingB.pleaseC.pleasedD.toplease简析：首先,根据语法分析可知,待选部分在句中应作表语。因为seems在此句中用作连系动词;再根据hisfather对于动词please来说应是被动关系,即这个结果使他的父亲高兴;换言之,他的父亲因为受到这个结果的刺激而感到高兴。因此,该题应选C。3.-Howdidtheaudiencereceivethenewplay?-Theygotvery____.A.exciteB.excitedC.excitedlyD.exciting简析：该题应选B。测试他们被那出新戏所打动。1.Thisnewssounds____.17三、分词作宾语补足语

共同点：分词在复合宾语中可作宾语补足语，对句子的宾语起补充或说明作用。

不同点：分词作宾语补足语时，句子的宾语就是该分词的逻辑主语。但现在分词与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，所表示的动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；而过去分词则表示被动关系，所示动作一般发生在谓语动词之前或同时发生。三、分词作宾语补足语共同点：分词在复合宾语中181.Thenextmorningshefoundtheman____inbed,dead.A.lyingB.lieC.layD.laying简析:首先,根据语法分析可知,待选部分在句中应作宾补,补充说明宾语theman;再根据宾语theman对于动词lie来说应是主动关系,而且,lie这个动作与谓语动词found同时进行。因此,该题应选A。2.-Goodmorning.CanIhelpyou?-I’dliketohavethepackage____,madam.A.beweighedB.tobeweighedC.toweighD.weighed简析:首先,根据语法分析可知,待选部分在句中应作宾补,补充说明宾语thepackage;再根据thepackage对于动词weigh来说,只能是被动关系。因此，该题应选D。1.Thenextmorningshefoundt193.IcanhardlyimaginePeter____acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.A.sail B.sailing C.tosailD.tohavesailed简析:该题应选B。测试动词imagine后要求跟动名词,Peter是动名词的逻辑主语。4.Ifyouwaveyourbookinfrontofyourface,youcanfeeltheair____againstyourface.A.movedB.movingC.movesD.tomove简析:该题应选B。测试使役动词后用现在分词作宾补表示宾语正发出的动作。3.IcanhardlyimaginePeter20四、分词作状语

共同点：分词作状语时，一般在句子中作时间、原因、方式或伴随等状语。

不同点：分词作状语时，句子的主语就是该分词的逻辑主语。但现在分词作状语时，与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，所表示的动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；而过去分词则表示被动关系，所示动作一般发生谓语动词之前或同时发生。四、分词作状语共同点：分词作状语时，一般在句211.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,____itthemostpopularsportintheworld.A.makingB.makes C.made D.tomake简析：首先，根据语法分析可知，待选部分在整个句中应作状语；再根据Europeanfootball对于make来说应是主动关系，即欧洲足球使之本身成为一项最受世人欢迎的运动。因此，该题应选A。2.____areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.A.Notreceiving B.ReceivingnotC.Nothavingreceived D.Havingnotreceived简析：该题应选C。测试非谓语动词的否定式是在其前直接加not。若动作发生在主句动作之前时用非谓语的完成式。3.ThevisitingMinisterexpressedhissatisfactionwiththetalks,____thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.A.havingadded B.toaddC.addingD.added简析：该题应选C。测试现在分词可以作补充说明的状语。1.Europeanfootballisplayed224.“Can’tyouread?”Marysaid____tothenotice.A.angrilypointing B.andpointangrilyC.angrilypointed D.andangrilypointing简析：该题应选A。测试现在分词作伴随状语，通过副词angrily进行干扰。若B答案为andpointedangrily时也对。另外，分词作状语时，如果其逻辑主语与整个句子的主语不一致时，需要独立主格结构或with复合结构来替代。(此时，也可把该分词看成介词的宾语补足语。)例:Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands____behindhisback.A.beingtiedB.havingtied C.tobetiedD.tied简析：很显然，待选部分的逻辑主语是hishands，而不是句子的主语Themurderer,而hishands对于动词tie来说，只能是被动承受。因此，该题应选D。4.“Can’tyouread?”Marysaid2321.____moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.A.Given B.Togive C.GivingD.Havinggiven22.Climbingmountainswas____,soweallfelt____.A.tiring;tiredB.tired;tiringC.tiring;tiringD.tired;tired23.The____morning,thefathercameintothelonelyhouse,____byhisnaughtyboy.A.following;following B.followed;followedC.following;followed D.followed;following24.____thesepictures,Icouldn’thelpthinkingofthosedayswhenIwasinBeijingand____fromthetopofathirty-storeyedbuilding,Beijinglooksmoremagnificent.A.Seeing;seenB.Seen;seeingC.Seeing;seeingD.Seen;seen25.MrsWhitewasgladtoseethenurse____afterhersonandherdaughterandwasalsopleasedtoseechildrenwell____careofinthenursery.A.looked;taken B.looking;takenC.looked;took D.looking;taking21.____moreattention,thet2426.Iwasfortunatetopickupawallet____onthegroundonthewayhome,butunfortunatelyforme,IfoundmycolourTVset____whenIgothome.A.lying;stolenB.laying;stealingC.lay;stolenD.lying;stealing27.____betterattention,thevegetablescouldhavegrownbetterwiththesunshiningbrightlyintheskyand____themlight.A.Giving;givenB.Given;givenC.Giving;givingD.Given;giving28.____hisheadhigh,themanagerwalkedintotheroomtoattendthemeeting____then.A.Holding;beingheld B.Held;holdingC.Havingheld;held D.Held;tobeheld29.____，hestillcouldnotunderstandit.A.Toldmanytimes B.HavingbeentoldmanytimesC.HehasbeentoldmanytimesD.Thoughhehadbeentoldmanytimes30.Onhearingthe____news,Iwastoo____tosleep.A.exciting;excited B.excited;excitingC.exciting;exciting D.excited;excited26.Iwasfortunatetopickup251.Icannotunderstand_____suchawell-paidjob.A.himtogiveup B.himtohavegivenupC.hisgivingup D.hisbeinggivenup2.Jane’ssummervacationinEnglandledto_____anEnglishman.A.hermarry B.hertomarry C.herbeingmarried D.hermarrying3.Shewassadbecauseof_____anychanceleft.A.therebeingnot B.therenotbeing C.nottherebeing D.therewasnot4.Ifyouthinkaletteristooslow,whynot_____atelegram?A.trytohavesent B.tryingtosend C.totrytosend D.trysending5.Thereisnochance_____himtoday.A.inseeing B.toseeing C.ofseeing D.aboutseeing1.Icannotunderstand_____su266.Iknowyoulike_____.Wouldyoulike_____withmenow?A.toswim,toswim B.swimming,swimmingC.swimming,toswim D.toswim,swimming7.Before_____,themachinemustbechecked.A.beingused B.usingit C.beingusedto D.using8.Togiveup_____means_____.A.smoking,stoppingsmoking B.smoking,tostopsmokingC.tosmoke,tostoptosmoke D.tosmoke,stoppingtosmoke9.—Whatdoyouthinkofthebook?—Oh,excellent.It’sworth_____asecondtime.A.toread B.reading C.toberead D.beingread10.“Whathasmadeyousoupset?”“________mynewbike.”A.Lost B.Becauseoflosing C.SinceIlost D.Losing6.Iknowyoulike_____.Woul2711.Istillremember_____toBeijingwhenIwassix.A.totakeB.takingC.havingtakingD.havingbeentaken12.Someforeignerusedto_____ontheleftintheirowncountries,butnowtheyhavegotusedto_____ontherightinourcountry.A.driving,drive B.drive,drive C.drive,driving D.driving,driving13.Heremained____there,forhegrew____inmanythingsthere.A.staying,interesting B.staying,interes