大学英语课件ReadingBookUniWangHongquan

Unit

EightFable

oftheLazy

Teenager5/25/20231About

the

title:What

is

a

fable?Fables

are

short

tales

not

based

onfactsand

intended

to

give

moralguidance,which

readers

need

to

deduce(推论).(Fables

do

not

state

the

morallessons)5/25/20232Leading

to

thetext:In

the

first

part

of

the

text,

theauthorbrings

up

a

problem:

idleness

andignorance

among

a

great

many

U.S.teenagers.In

the

second

part

he

offers

a

fable

tryingto

teach

alesson.5/25/20233What

can

we

learn

from

theunit?Through

the

fable(the

main

part

ofUnit

8),

the

author

tries

toconvey(传达)

the

message

that

education

is

vital

toboth

the

individual

and

society.5/25/20234Read

text

A

and

then

think

over

thefollowing

questions:1.

To

awaken

teenagers

to

theconsequences

of

their

intellectuallaziness,

what

does

the

author

suggest?The

author's

suggestion

is:

a

movie,

or

TVseries,

dramatizing

just

how

difficult

it

wasfor

this

country

to

get

where

itis--and

howeasily

it

could

all

be

lost.5/25/202352.

How

many

persons

did

Kevin

Hanley1990

dream

that

he

is

in

the

text?

Whoare

they?Seven.They

are:

his

own

great-great-great-grandfather,

his

own

great-grandfather,hisown

grandfather,

his

own

father,

his

ownson,

his

son's

father,

his

owngrandson.5/25/202363.

Why

does

Kevin

1990

decided

to

studyinstead

of

going

shopping?Because

in

his

dream

a

visitingJapaneseanthropologist

studying

the

decline

ofAmerica

explains

to

Kevin

that

when

a

manhas

no

money,

education

can

supply

thehuman

capital

necessary

to

start

to

acquirefinancial

capital.

Hard

work,

education,saving

and

discipline

can

doanything.5/25/20237Cultural

NotesGrade

schools

in

the

U.S.:It

is

necessary

to

have

some

knowledge

of

gradeschools

in

the

U.S.Because

you

have

to

realize

that

"

the

third

year

inhigh

school"

(Para.

1)

equals

"the

eleventh

grade"(Para.

9).U.S.

students

generally

go

throughelementaryschools

(kindergarten

to

5th

or

6th

grade),

middleschools

(grades

6-8)

or

junior

high

schools(grades7-9),

and

high

schools

(grades

9-12

or

10-12).5/25/20238What

American

teachers

wear

in

school:Nowadays,

people

in

the

U.S.

love

todresscasually.Even

among

those

companies

with

a

rigiddress

code

some

now

allow

employees

not

towear

suits

onFridays.U.S.

teachers

wear

fairly

formal

clothes

toschool,

but

not

necessarily

suits

andties.Bow

ties

reconsidered

even

more

old-fashioned

than

ties.5/25/20239Spaghetti

and

the

proper

way

of

eating

it:Spaghetti

is

the

Italian-style

thinnoodle,cooked

by

boiling

and

served

withsauce.Usually

you

would

put

a

fork

into

a

plate

ofspaghetti,

turn

the

fork

several

times

sothatspaghetti

will

wind

around

the

fork,then

place

the

fork

into

your

mouth.It's

impolite

to

suck.7/20/202310run

out

of:use

up

or

finish

a

supply

of

(sth.)用完,耗尽To

our

disappointment,

our

car

ran

out

ofgas

halfwayhome.When

theyran

out

of

food,

the

soldiers

setabout

hunting

for

more.7/20/202311handful:a

small

number

(used

as

singular

noun,followed

byof)一把;少量You'd

better

hurry

up.A

handful

of

peopleare

already

waiting

in

the

hall.I

have

to

give

up

the

plan

because

only

ahandful

of

students

are

willing

to

spend

theNew

Year's

Eve

oncampus.7/20/202312in

amazement:with

a

feeling

of

great

surprise

or

disbelief惊讶地Aunt

Sophia

gazed

at

her

picture

in

amazement:

shelooked

like

a

teenage

girl

in

it.All

the

people

in

the

lecture

hall

stared

at

him

inamazement

when

he

talked

loudly

with

his

friend.7/20/202313upset:make

(sb.)worry

or

feel

unhappy

(usu.usedin

the

pattern

be

upset

by/about):使苦恼,使心烦意乱They

are

terribly

upset

bythe

break-upoftheir

parents'

marriage.He

was

upset

about

the

argument

he

hadwith

his

wife.7/20/202314ignorant:knowing

little

or

nothing

(often

used

in

thephrase

be

ignorant

of/about):无知;愚昧Some

people

are

ignorant

ofthe

facts

aboutglobalwarming.She

was

ignorant

of

her

husband's

illegalactivities.Otherwise

she

would

have

done

everythingpossibleto

stop

him.We

are

in

complete

ignorance

of

hisplans.7/20/202315freshman新生,大学一年级学生sophomore大学二年级学生junior大学三年级学生senior大学四年级学生5/18/202316slice:1)apartofsth.(followedbyof)岂部分Fictiontakesupalargesliceofthepublishingmarket.Here'sacarthatrepresentsasliceofmotoringhistory.Thebosspromisedthateveryonewouldgetasliceoftheprofits.5/18/2023172)athinflatpiececutfromsth.(oftenusedwithof)(薄薄的)一片Trytoeatatleastfourslicesofbreadaday.Cuttheporkintothinslices.5/18/202318ability:powerorskilltodo,make,orthink;talent(followedbyinfinitveto)Weelectedhimmonitorbecausehehadtheabilitytobringoutthebestinothers.Helosttheabilitytowalkafteracaraccident.5/18/202319languagepoint1:TheabilitytoperformeventhesimplestcalculationsisonlyamemoryamongmanystudentsIsee.ManystudentswhomIseedon‘thavetheabilitytodoeventhesimplestcalculationsanylonger.5/18/202320indifferent/indifferencehavingnoparticularinterestinorconcernfor:冷漠的，不关心的：没有特别的兴趣或不特别关心的；Theyareallindifferentto(showindifferenceto)thesufferingsofothers.对别人遭受的痛苦漠然处之5/18/202321sumup:giveabriefsummary(ofsth.)总结,概括AlicesummedupherChristmasholidaysinoneword:"Terrible."Myteacherwouldsumupthemainpointsofthelessonbeforeheendedtheclass.Wediscussedtheproposedchangesformostofthemeeting.Thechairmanonlytookafewmomentsattheendtosumup.5/18/202322competewith/against:trytobebetterthan(sb.else)(inthepattern:competewith/againstsb.forsth.)与…竞争Morethan2,300candidatesfrom93politicalpartiesarecompetingfor486seats.Wearehavingtocompetewiththreeotherdepartmentsforthefund.Theyfoundthemselvescompetingwithforeigncountriesforashareofthemarket.5/18/202323languagepoint2:hum宅an误c魂ap咬i乡丰tal拒:人力资本Herehumancapitalreferstopeople'sknowledgeandski

lls.5/18/202324accumulate:collect,orgathertogether,esp.overaperiodoftime积累,积聚Ihaveaccumulatedmanybooksoverthelastfewyears.Whilewewereawayonvacation,alotoflettersaccumulatedinourmailbox.5/18/202325affect:haveaninfluenceon影响The20thcenturywasfullofinventionsthathaveaffectedthewaywelive.Morethansevenmillionpeoplehavebeenaf授fectedbythedrought.TheAsianfinancialcrisisdidn'taffectournationaleconomy.5/18/202326function:operate;act运作;起作用Whenthecameraisfunctioningproperlythegreenlightcomeson.Athens(雅典)functionedasacenteroftradeinthethirteenthcentury.5/18/202327idle:lazy;notdoinganything懒散的;空闲的Mostofthemenwereidleduringthedepression.Sheissoidle,wecannevergethertodoanything.5/18/202328jam:getstuck发生故障;卡住;堵塞ThelockjammedandIcouldn'topenit.Thetape-recorderjammedandtheteacherhadtoreadthestorytotheclassbyherself.5/18/202329breakdown:stopworking;fall,collapse停止运转;失败,垮了Theelevatorsinthisbuildingarealwaysbreakingdown.Ihaveaccumulatedsomanydirtyclothessincemywashingmachinebrokedownlastweek.Talksbetweenthetwocountriesbrokedownwhenthetwosidesfailedtoreachanagreement.5/18/202330drivehome:make(sth.)clearsothatpeopleunderstandit(usedinthepattern:drivesth.home(tosb.))使清楚无误地理解Wemustdrivehometothemwherethedifficultieslie.Peterwaslazy.Hisparentstriedtodrivehometohimtheimportanceofhardwork.5/18/202331humble:1)notproud;modest谦卑的Hethankedusagainwithahumblesmile.Frankstrikesmeasaveryhumbleperson.2)lowinimportance,status,orcondition卑微的Michaelstartedhiscareerasahumblefisherman.LacoccarosefromhumblebeginningstobecomebossofFord5/18/202332suggestion:sth乖.suggested(oftenfollowedbyof盏/for/that-clause)建议Theoldmanfollowedthedoctor'ssuggestionofastrolltotherivereveryday.Ihavelotsofsuggestionsforthepark'sfuture.Notethatinthethat-clauseafter"suggestion"thesubjunctivemoodshouldbeused.Theydidn'tlikemysuggestionthatshe(should)sharetheroomwithherclassmate5/18/202333portable:lightandsmallenoughtobeeasilycarriedormoved便携(式)的,手提(式)的ProfessorSmithalwayscarriesaportablecomputerwithhim.Istillrememberthatmyparentsboughtmeaportableradioatmy20thbirthday.5/18/202334searchfor:lookfor寻找ManyplanesandshipsweresenttosearchtheSouthSeaforthemissingChinesepilot.Thepoliceweresearchingtheyardforclues.5/18/202335luxury:1)sth.expensivewhichisnotnecessarybutwhichgivesyoupleasure(usedasacountablenoun)奢侈品Aweekbytheseaisaluxurytheycannolongerafford.Houseswithswimmingpoolsarestillaluxuryinmanypartsofthecountry.5/18/2023362)verygreatcomfort,esp.amongbeautifulandexpensivesurrounding(usedasanuncountablenoun)奢华;奢侈Shewasbroughtupinanatmosphereofluxuryandwealth.Hetookoverhisfather'scompanyandledalifeofluxury.5/18/202337betteroff:richerthanyouwerebefore;morecomfortable更富有;更舒服Today'sfarmersarebetteroffthantheyusedtobe.It'sobviousthatthosewhoworkhardarebetteroffthanthosewhodon't.5/18/202338scared:frightened(oftenfollowedbyof/to/that-clause)(使)惊慌,(使)恐慌Whenshesawasnakeonthefloor,theladywastooscaredtomove.Ihavealwaysbeenscaredofdogs.Alexwasscaredthathisclassmatesmighttelltheteacherhebrokethewindow.5/18/202339wakeup:stopsleeping醒了ThismorningIwokeupwithaterribleheadache.Stewartwokemeupwithhiscoughing.5/18/202340languagepoint3:...andgovernmentoffersnoservicestotheworkingclass.Here"services"referstothesystemsofsocialsecuritysuchashealthcareandprovisionfortheunemployedmaintainedbythegovernment.5/18/202341complex:notsimple复杂的Theproblemwassocomplexthattherewouldbenoeasysolution.WhenIvisitedShanghaiforthefirsttime,Igotlostintherathercomplexnetworkofroads.5/18/202342adequate:enough(oftenfollowedbyinfinitivetoorfor)充分的,足够的Myparentsarepreparedtooffermeanamountofmoneyadequatetopurchaseanapartment.HerknowledgeofEnglishwasadequateforthejob.5/18/202343decline:agradualdecreaseinthequality,quantity,orimportanceofsth.(followedbyin)衰败,衰退;下降Thefirstsignsofeconomicdeclinebecamevisibleinthatregion.Somepeopleareworriedthattherewillbeagreatdeclineinthestockmarket.5/18/202344indecline,onthedecline:graduallydecreasinginimportance,quality,orpowerThebirthrateinChinaisonthedecline.Heisstilloneoftheworld'smostpopularsoccerplayers,buthisfameisindecline.Classattendanceisindeclinerecently.5/18/202345acquire:get取得,获得I'vemanagedtoacquireacopyofthereport.J.P.Gettyacquiredafortuneinbusiness.5/18/202346astonish:surpriseverymuch;amaze使惊讶Herdevotiontostudentsalwaysastonishesus.Dianaastonishedherfamilybywinningthreecompetitionsinarow.5/18/202347swear:makeaseriouspromiseabout(oftenfollowedbyinfinitivetoorthat-clause)发誓,宣誓ThewitnesssworeontheBibletotellthewholetruthandnothingbutthetruth.Hesworethathewouldneverlie.5/18/202348makealivingby:earnmoneyby(doingsth.)靠…维持生计Manyfarmersinthisareamakeagoodlivingbygrowingflowers.Hemakesalivingbywriting.5/18/202349miracle:anamazingorwonderfulevent,esp.sth.thathappensunexpectedly奇迹Itisamiraclethatnoonewaskilledintheearthquake.Itwasamiraclethatthepilotlandedtheplaneinthatsnowstorm.5/18/202350faculty:mentalandphysicalabilities才能，本领；官能Heis90yearsoldbutstillhasmostofhisfaculties.Itisamyththatthefacultyof乡丰hearingisgreatlyincreasedinblindpeople.5/18/202351LanguagePractice5/18/202352ComprehensionofthetextPleaseanswerthequestionsonpage233.MainideasoftheText(page234)PartOne(paras1—10):Teenagers’idlenessandignorancewillproduceseriouseffectsonallconcernedandsocietyasawhole.PartTwo(paras11—24):Kevin1990comestorealizeinhisdreamhowgreatlylackofeducationcostshisforebears(祖先),himself,hischildrenandthesocietytheylivein,andhowimportantitistostudyhard.5/18/202353Causeandeffect(235)PartOneCause:Teenagers’intellectuallazinessandignoranceEffect:Allpeoplewillbeseriouslyaffected.Amodernindustrialstatewillstopfunctioning.5/18/202354PartTwo:Cau顶se喂:L篮a愤ck冰o阳fe书慰duc瞎at御i最onEffect:Kevin1990,hisforebears(withtheexceptionofhisi衫ntellectualfather),andhischildrenleadapoor,miserablelife.Americaisonthedecline.Thereisnolawandorderinthecountry.Americanchildrenhavenochancetoreceiveagoodeducation.BusinessinAmericaareownedbywealthyEuropeansandAsians.5/18/202355LanguageFocusVocabulary1.F凤i家ll拾i程ngb铸l呆a腔nks贸(坑p圾age雁贿23岛7—贪238梨)1).drivehome2).idle3).isfunctioning4).searched…for5).scar丝式ed6).handful7).luxury5/18/2023568).ability9).wokeup10).slice11).miracle12).hasbrokendown13).wasjammed(with)14).faculties15).humble5/18/2023572.Sentencerewriting(page238)1).Thecostofelectricityislikelytobeseriouslyaffectedbyt规heriseingasprice.2).Therehasbeenadeclineinthenumberofpeopleborrowi量ngfrompubliclibraries,butbooksalesarerising.3).TheymadeasuggestionatthemeetingthatanassistantbeappointedtohelpMr.Green.5/18/2023584).Thelocalhistorygroupwasastonishedwhentheyheardof/tohearofaplantobuildanofficebuildingrightnexttothecastle.5).Theyhadrunoutofwaterbythetimetheygottothecamp.5/18/2023593.SentenceCompletion(page239)1).愿c钓om克pl昌ex胁i麦ndes读i侮gn叶…;can’tcompetewithothercompanies…;2).wasveryupset;makealivingby;swore;was/becamemuchbetteroff;adequatemoney/means5/18/2023603).acquired;ignorantof;paintings/workssummedup5/18/202361II.WordswithMultipleMeanings(page239)Makesentencesbyusing“make”(page240)1.Theyoungmanmade$5anhourinhissummerjob.(gainorearn赚到)2.Whatmadeyouchangeyourmind?(force促使)3.I’msureJasonwillmakeagoodlawyer.(become,developinto:发展成为)4.Thevet(兽医)putsomethingdownthedog’sthroattomakeitvomit(呕吐).(cause)5/18/2023625.Thestorymakesinterestingreading.（beorbecome)6.Fiveandfivemaketen.(addupto等于)7.Onfoottheycanmakeab