四川省眉山市2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题（解析版无听力部分）

第第页四川省眉山市2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题（解析版，无听力部分）眉山市2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试

英语试卷

第一节（略）

阅读理解（共两节，满分50.0分）

11．（7.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Wehavetakensometopbrandsandpresentedtheirbestadvertisements.

1.COCACOLA﹣ShareaCokeCampaign

"ShareaCoke"campaignfromCocaColathatstartedin2023wentviralandCokegainedalargefanbaseduetothisparticularcampaign.Herethecustomerswereallowedtoprintthedesirednameontheircokebottle.Thisisaperfectexampleofaudienceparticipation.CokeletthecustomersfeelthatCokecaresforthem.Thiswasamongthebestattention﹣grabbingcampaignsbyanybrandtodate.

2.Nike﹣JustDoItAds

Nikelaunchedthiscampaigninthe1980s，anditssalesincreasedbymorethan﹩8billionwithin10years.Thiscampaignwastofillthecustomerswithmotivationtoexercise.Nikediditemotionally，anditwasahit.WhatNikewantedtoconveywiththecampaignwassimple—Ifyoudon'twanttoexercise—JustDoIt.Ifyoudon'twanttowakeupearlyinthemorning—JustDoIt.

3.Google﹣YearinSearchCampaign

GooglestarteditsyearintheSearchcampaignin2023，whichwasaboutthemostsearchedkeywordsonGooglein12months.Isn'titinteresting？It'sabrilliantideatoestablishengagementwiththeaudience.Itnotonlyrevealed（显示）howcreativetheyarebutalsoshowedhowmuchtheycareaboutwhattheiraudiencecare.

4.Volkswagen–ThinkSmallCampaign

ThinksmallcampaignofVolkswagenstartedin1960andthatwasacompletehit.PeopleinAmericaaremoreintendedforbuyingbiggercars.Volkswagencamewith.thiscampaigntoawarethemoftheessenceofsmallercars.Yes，itcompletelychangedhowthecarloversínAmericawerethinking.

（1）WhywasJustDoItlaunched？

A.Toimprovesales.

B.Tomotivateexercise.

C.Toestablishengagement.

D..Tochangethoughtpatterns.

（2）Whichistheoldestofthefollowingcampaigns？

A.ShareaCoke.

B.JustDoIt.

C.YearinSearch.

D.ThinkSmall.

（3）WhatdoShareaCokeCampaignandYearinSearchCampaignhaveincommon？

A.Theypromotetheinteractionwithconsumers.

B.Theytelltheadvantageoftheirproducts.

C.Theytrytoworkonpeople'sproblems.

D.Theyencouragepeopletobecreative.

12．（10分）Onedayinthe1850s，EuniceNewtonFoote，anamateurscientistandwomen'srightsactivistlivinginnorthernNewYork，oxygenandothergasesincludingcarbondioxide—whiletheothercontainedjustCO.Bothhadthermometers（温度计）inthem.Asthesun'sraysshonewithgreatheat，andwasslowertocool，thantheonecontainingregularair.

TheresultscausedFootetothinkcarefullyabouttherelationshipbetweenCO，theplanetandheat."Anatmosphereofthatgaswouldgivetoourearthahightemperature，"shewroteinan1856papersummarizingherfindings.

Threeyearslater，workingindependentlyandclearlyunawareofFoote'sdiscovery，IrishphysicistJohnTyndallshowedthesamebasicideainmoredetail.Withasetofpipesanddevicestostudythetransmission（传播），hefoundthatCOgas，aswellaswatervapor，muchasglasssheetstrapheatinagreenhouse，andthusregulateclimate."Asadamcausesalocaldeepeningoftheriver，workingasabarrieracrosstherays，producesalocalincreaseofthetemperatureattheEarth'ssurface

TodayTyndalliswidelyrecognizedforthediscoveryofhowwhatarenowcalledgreenhousegasesheattheplanet，earninghimanoticeableplaceinthehistoryofclimatescience.Footefadedintobeingrelativelyunknowntothepublic—partlybecauseofhergender（性别），partlybecausehermeasurementswerelesssensitive.YettheirfindingshelpedkickoffbroaderscientificexplorationofhowthecompositionofgasesinEarth'satmosphereaffectsglobaltemperatures.

（1）WhatcanwelearnaboutEuniceNewtonFoote？

A.Shefoughtforequalrightsforallmen.

B.Shedevotedallherlifetoclimatescience.

C.Sheenjoyedahighpositioninclimatescience.

D.ShefirstfoundCOcouldheattheearthmoreeasily.

（2）HowdidJohnTyndallgetacrosshisideain1862？

A.Bygivingexamples.

B.Byconductingexperiments.

C.Bymakingcomparisons.

D.Byreferringtopreviousstudies.

（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"kickoff"inParagraph4probablymean？

A.Putoff.

B.Leaveoff.

C.Calloff.

D.Startoff.

（4）Whatisthetextmainlyabout？

A.Thereasonsforglobalwarming.

B.Theinjusticeinclimatescience.

C.Theclimatescientistsinearlytimes.

D.Thecompositionoftheatmosphere.

13．（10分）Givenhowwellitperforms，thereareplentyofwaysthatChatGPTcouldleveltheplayingfieldforstudentsandothersworkinginasecondlanguageorstrugglingwithcomposingsentences.SinceChatGPTgeneratesnew，originalmaterial（抄袭）.

StudentscoulduseChatGPTlikeacoachtohelpimprovetheirwritingandgrammar，oreventoexplainsubjectstheyfindchallenging.EducatorscoulduseChatGPTtohelpgeneratelessonplans，activitiesorassessments—perhapsevenpersonalizedtoaddresstheneedsorgoalsofspecificstudents.

XiaomingZhai，anexpertinscienceeducationattheUniversityofGeorgiainAthens，testedChatGPTtoseeifitcouldwriteanacademicpaper.Hewasimpressedwithhoweasyitwastosummarizeknowledgeandgenerategoodwritingusingthetool."It'sreallyamazing

Allofthissoundswonderful，butreallybigproblemsexist.Mostworrying，ChatGPTandothersimilartoolscanoftengetthingsverywrong.Theydon'tpullfactsfromdatabases.Rather，whichcanleadtoglaringmistakes.InanearlyadvertisementfortheBardchatbot，ChatGPTmadeafactualerrorabouttheJamesWebbSpaceTelescope（游隼）.Afalcon，ofcourse

MostofChatGPT'strainingdatacomefrombeforeSeptember2023，anditdoesnotprovidesourcesforitsinformation.Ifaskedforsources，itmakesthemup.Fiesler，revealedinonevideo.AvaniRao，asophomoreinCaliforniaUniversity（引文），itgavehersourcesthatlookedcorrect.Buttheydidn'tactuallyexist.

（1）What'sXiaomingZhai'sattitudetowardsChatGPT？

A.Doubtful.

B.Indifferent.

C.Favorable.

D.Objective.

（2）WhywillChatGPTmakemistakes？

A.Becauseitdoesn'tunderstandthelanguageithascreated.

B.Becauseitisdevelopedandtrainedinawrongway.

C.Becauseitisstillunderresearchanddevelopment.

D.Becausethedatabasesitpullfactsfromarelimited.

（3）WhoshouldbecautiouswhenusingChatGPTasanassistant？

A.Ateacherpreparingforlessons.

B.Aprofessorteachingpaper﹣writing.

C.Astudentstuckonmakingsentences.

D.Anauthoraskingforinformationsources.

（4）Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext？

A.TheGoodandBadofChatGPT

B.ChatGPTandtheFutureofWriting

C.ChatGPT'sAcademicPerformance

D.AmazingThingsYouCanDowithChatGPT

14．（10分）Scientistshavestudiedcats'socialrelationships—bothwithothercatsandhumans—butitcanbedifficulttotellwhethertwocatsareplayingorfighting，sayscatbehaviorresearcherNoemaGajdo﹣Kmecová.

Toassessandclassifyinteractions，Gajdo﹣Kmecováandcolleagueswatchedabout100videosofdifferenteractinginpairs.Afterviewingaboutone﹣thirdofthevideos，Gajdo﹣Kmecováidentifiedsixtypesofbehaviors，andforhowlong.Byrunningstatisticalanalysesonthebehaviors，shefoundthreetypesofinteractionsbetweenthecatpairs：playful，othermembersoftheteamalsowatchedthevideosandclassifiedeachinteractionbetweencats.

Someclearconnectionsappeared.Quietlywrestling，forexample，suggestedplaytime（发声），likegrowling，hissingorgurgling

Intermediateinteractionshadelementsofbothplayfulandaggressiveencounters，butespeciallyincludedprolongedactivityofonecattowardtheother，suchaspouncing（突袭）（梳毛）itsfellowcat.Thesein﹣betweenencounterscouldsuggestthatonecatwantstokeepplayingwhiletheotherdoesn't，withthemoreplayfulcatgentlypushingtoseeifitspartnerwantstocontinue

Thisworkprovidesanunderstandingofcatinteractionsforthefirsttime，Gajdo﹣Kmecovásays，butit'sjustthestart.Inthefuture，likeeartwitchesandtailswishes.Gajdo﹣Kmecováalsostressesthatonepotentiallycontroversialencounterdoesn'tnecessarilysignalaterriblecatrelationship.

（1）Whatdidthestudyfocuson？

A.Thecats'socialrelationshipswithhumans.

B.Therealmeaningoftheinteractionsbetweencats.

C.Thewayscatscommunicatewitheachother.

D.Thebenefitsofbeingacatowner.

（2）WhatcanwelearnaboutthestudyfromParagraph2？

A.Researchersdeterminedninetypesofinteractionsfinally.

B.Thefrequencyandlengthofcertainbehaviorswerenoticed.

C.Thecatsweretrainedandgroupedbeforetheywerefilmed.

D.100pairsofdifferentcatsinteractingwerewatchedonthespot.

（3）Whichcanbeviewedasintermediateinteractions？

A.Thetwocatsarewrestlingquietly.

B.Thetwocatsaregroomingeachother.

C.Onecatispouncingwhiletheotherstaysstill.

D.Onecatisrunningaftertheotherviolently.

（4）Whatcanbefoundaccordingtothelastparagraph？

A.Afutureideaofthestudy.

B.Adataanalysisofthestudy.

C.Aconclusionofthestudy.

D.Anapplicationofthestudy.

15．（12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Overtheyears，I'vefoundsomeeasytrickstogetmyselfmoreactivedaily.Goingtothegymanddoingaweightworkoutisn'trequired.（1）Here'smysecretsauce.

1.Startsmall

Alotofpeopleassumetheyneedtorunthemselvestiredinthegymtogetmorefit，butthat'sreallynottrue.Expertsrecommendaminimumof150minutesofmoderateaerobicactivityaweek—thatbreaksdowntoalittlemorethan20minuteseachday.Theyalsorecommendstrength﹣trainingatleasttwotimesaweek.（2）

2.Getactiveatwork

（3）Ratherthanusingyourfulllunchhourtoeat，takesometimetogotothegym，speedwalkaroundtheofficeorrunerrands.Youcanalsobreakuptheboringworkofthedaybytakingawalkduringone﹣on﹣onemeetingsinsteadofsittingatadeskorconferenceroom—anythingtogetupandgetmoving.

3.Doexercisesyouactuallylike

Thisisabigone.Ifyouhateexercising，itmightbebecauseyouaren'tdoingworksyouenjoy.Veryfewpeopleactuallyenjoyrunningaroundincirclesformiles.Sodon't.Branchoutandtrydifferentkindsofworkoutsuntilyoufindoneyougenuinelyenjoy（4）Butit'llbeworthitwhenworkingoutnolongerfeelslikeachore.

4.Makeitsocial

Exercisedoesn'tneedtobealone.Infact，havingaworkoutpartnercanhelpkeepyoumotivatedandholdyouaccountableinyourroutine.（5）Thestructureofworkingoutinagroupcanpushyoutoworkharderwhilealsointroducingyoutonewpeople.

A.Yourworkdaydoesn'thavetoinvolvetotallysittinglong.

B.Thereareactuallyeffectivewaystogetmoreexerciseday﹣to﹣day.

C.Thirtyminutesisanidealplacetostarttofulfillyourweeklyneeds.

D.Ifyoudon'thaveonebuddytojoinyou，signupforaworkoutclass.

E.Exerciseisn'tjustaboutrunningasfastorliftingasmuchaspossible.

F.It'llhelpimproveyourflexibilityanddowondersforyourmentalhealth.

G.Thisrequiresyoutogooutofyourcomfortzoneandtobepatientasyoutrythingsout.

语言知识运用（共两节，满分35分），

16．（20分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Thefirstdayatanewjobcanbe（1），especiallywhenit'syourfirstjobever，andyou'restartingduringtheChristmas（2）.

StephanieCole'sfirstjobasateenagerwasinretail（零售），（3）atabusydepartmentstorein1960sLosAngeles.Her（4）hadbeenquick，andthestore.wasnow（5）withpeopletryingtofinishtheirholidayshopping.Itwasn'tlongbeforeanoldwomanwalkeduptoCole'scheckoutwitha（6）shewantedtobuyforherChristmastree.

"（7），Ican'trememberanything.Ican'trememberhowto（8）thecheckout.I.amjustabsolutely（9）andprobablyverycloseto（10），"Colesaid.

She'dwantedthisfirstjobtogowell，anditwasalreadygoingverywrong.Butthewomanlookedatherwithakind（11）andsaid，"It'salright.（12）.I'mnotinahurry."Colefeltasenseof（13）whensheheardthosewords."Allofasudden，Icould（14），Icouldwaittillsomebodyelsecouldhelpme.Itwasgonnabeokay."

Themomentwasasmallonelongago，butthewoman's（15）affectedhowColehasinteracted.withpeopleeversince."Shegavemea（16）withoutknowingshegaveittome.Andithas（17）alltheseyears，"Colesaid.

"Youknow，you（18）somebodywho'sjusthavingabadday，youcan（19）they'reinabadplace，andyoucansay，'It'sokay.I'mnotinahurry.'Anditalwaysmakesthesituation（20）.Always，always."

（1）A.bearableB.normalC.hardD.relaxing

（2）A.rushB.partyC.dinnerD.reunion

（3）A.shoppingB.stoppingC.beggingD.working

（4）A.breathingB.thinkingC.reactingD.training

（5）A.puzzledB.crowdedC.involvedD.satisfied

（6）A.decorationB.drinkC.friendD.stick

（7）A.FrequentlyB.SuddenlyC.OccasionallyD.Eventually

（8）A.runB.sellC.fixD.tag

（9）A.disappointedB.thrilledC.frozenD.amused

（10）A.embarrassmentB.deathC.laughterD.tears

（11）A.expressionB.actionC.heartD.comment

（12）A.TakecareB.TakeaseatC.TakeiteasyD.Takeyourtime

（13）A.purposeB.reliefC.lossD.duty

（14）A.walkB.screamC.breatheD.smile

（15）A.encouragementB.courageC.kindnessD.faith

（16）A.letterB.giftC.lookD.hug

（17）A.changedB.lastedC.stoppedD.developed

（18）A.runintoB.hearfromC.lookafterD.dropby

（19）A.believeB.promiseC.tellD.accept

（20）A.worseB.funnierC.clearerD.better

17．（15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

In2023，whenKunquOpera（1）（list）asoneofthemasterpiecesoftheoralandintangibleheritage（非物质遗产）ofhumanitybyUNESCO（2）（witness）thehistoricmoment.Theydemonstratedtheancientartformthroughashortperformance.Oneoftheactressesreceivedanotefromanaudiencememberaftertheshow，（3）（tell）herhowbeautifulshewasonstageandhowbeautifulKunquOperawas.

AsoneofChina'soldesttraditionaloperaforms，KunquOperawasbornintheregionofKunshanintoday'sSuzhou，Jiangsubiningsongs（4）areperformedintheSuzhoudialect，gracefulbodymovements，martialartsanddance（5）endlessvarietyofmovementstoexpressspecificemotions.Ithasdistinguished（6）（it）bythevirtuosity（高超技艺）ofitsrhythmicpatternsandhada（7）（power）influenceonallthemorerecentformsofoperainChina，suchasPekingOpera.ItishenceknownasthemotherofallChineseoperas.

（8）manyoldChineseartforms，KunquOperahasfacedcompetitionfrommasscultureandalackofinterestamongyoungpeople，butthe（9）（recognize）byUNESCOputKunquOperaintheinternationalspotlightatthesametimeasit（10）（begin）toexperienceadomesticrevival.

短文改错

18．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：

（1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

（2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

LastSunday，Iwenttovisitmybelovedgrandmother，thatisalreadyinherseventy.ShetookcareofmyselfwhenIwasinprimaryschool.Delightedtoseeme，shetoldmenotbenervousandthateverythingwouldbeOK.Thenshealsostressedthatstudyandhealthywereequallyimportant.Feelingsowarmly，IpromisedherthatIwouldmakefullpreparationsforthecomingentranceexaminationbothphysicalandmentally.IfirmlybelievethatIwillgetsatisfyingresultsthenextyear.

书面表达（满分25分）

19．（25分）4月20日是联合国中文日，为此你校举办了相关主题活动。请你为校报"英语园地"栏目写一篇报道，内容包括：

（1）活动目的；

（2）活动内容；

（3）活动反响。

注意：

（1）词数100左右；

（2）短文的题目已为你写好。

ChineseLanguageDayCelebrationsonCampus.

_______

眉山市2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试

英语试卷

参考答案与试题解析

第一节（略）

阅读理解（共两节，满分50.0分）

11．（7.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Wehavetakensometopbrandsandpresentedtheirbestadvertisements.

1.COCACOLA﹣ShareaCokeCampaign

"ShareaCoke"campaignfromCocaColathatstartedin2023wentviralandCokegainedalargefanbaseduetothisparticularcampaign.Herethecustomerswereallowedtoprintthedesirednameontheircokebottle.Thisisaperfectexampleofaudienceparticipation.CokeletthecustomersfeelthatCokecaresforthem.Thiswasamongthebestattention﹣grabbingcampaignsbyanybrandtodate.

2.Nike﹣JustDoItAds

Nikelaunchedthiscampaigninthe1980s，anditssalesincreasedbymorethan﹩8billionwithin10years.Thiscampaignwastofillthecustomerswithmotivationtoexercise.Nikediditemotionally，anditwasahit.WhatNikewantedtoconveywiththecampaignwassimple—Ifyoudon'twanttoexercise—JustDoIt.Ifyoudon'twanttowakeupearlyinthemorning—JustDoIt.

3.Google﹣YearinSearchCampaign

GooglestarteditsyearintheSearchcampaignin2023，whichwasaboutthemostsearchedkeywordsonGooglein12months.Isn'titinteresting？It'sabrilliantideatoestablishengagementwiththeaudience.Itnotonlyrevealed（显示）howcreativetheyarebutalsoshowedhowmuchtheycareaboutwhattheiraudiencecare.

4.Volkswagen–ThinkSmallCampaign

ThinksmallcampaignofVolkswagenstartedin1960andthatwasacompletehit.PeopleinAmericaaremoreintendedforbuyingbiggercars.Volkswagencamewith.thiscampaigntoawarethemoftheessenceofsmallercars.Yes，itcompletelychangedhowthecarloversínAmericawerethinking.

（1）WhywasJustDoItlaunched？B

A.Toimprovesales.

B.Tomotivateexercise.

C.Toestablishengagement.

D..Tochangethoughtpatterns.

（2）Whichistheoldestofthefollowingcampaigns？D

A.ShareaCoke.

B.JustDoIt.

C.YearinSearch.

D.ThinkSmall.

（3）WhatdoShareaCokeCampaignandYearinSearchCampaignhaveincommon？A

A.Theypromotetheinteractionwithconsumers.

B.Theytelltheadvantageoftheirproducts.

C.Theytrytoworkonpeople'sproblems.

D.Theyencouragepeopletobecreative.

【分析】本文为应用文。这篇短文主要介绍了几个知名品牌的最佳广告活动。

【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据NikeDoAds部分的Thiswasfillcustomersmotivationexercise.（这项活动是为了让顾客有锻炼的动力，发起JustIt的目的是激励人们锻炼。

（2）细节理解题。根据COCAaCokeaCoke"fromColastarted2023viral﹣JustItlaunchedcampaigntheinCampaign部分GoogleitsinSearchinSmallsmallofstarted1960Small。

（3）推理判断题。根据COCAaCokeisaexampleaudience。）和Google﹣YearSearchabrillianttoengagementthe。）可知。故选A。

【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

12．（10分）Onedayinthe1850s，EuniceNewtonFoote，anamateurscientistandwomen'srightsactivistlivinginnorthernNewYork，oxygenandothergasesincludingcarbondioxide—whiletheothercontainedjustCO.Bothhadthermometers（温度计）inthem.Asthesun'sraysshonewithgreatheat，andwasslowertocool，thantheonecontainingregularair.

TheresultscausedFootetothinkcarefullyabouttherelationshipbetweenCO，theplanetandheat."Anatmosphereofthatgaswouldgivetoourearthahightemperature，"shewroteinan1856papersummarizingherfindings.

Threeyearslater，workingindependentlyandclearlyunawareofFoote'sdiscovery，IrishphysicistJohnTyndallshowedthesamebasicideainmoredetail.Withasetofpipesanddevicestostudythetransmission（传播），hefoundthatCOgas，aswellaswatervapor，muchasglasssheetstrapheatinagreenhouse，andthusregulateclimate."Asadamcausesalocaldeepeningoftheriver，workingasabarrieracrosstherays，producesalocalincreaseofthetemperatureattheEarth'ssurface

TodayTyndalliswidelyrecognizedforthediscoveryofhowwhatarenowcalledgreenhousegasesheattheplanet，earninghimanoticeableplaceinthehistoryofclimatescience.Footefadedintobeingrelativelyunknowntothepublic—partlybecauseofhergender（性别），partlybecausehermeasurementswerelesssensitive.YettheirfindingshelpedkickoffbroaderscientificexplorationofhowthecompositionofgasesinEarth'satmosphereaffectsglobaltemperatures.

（1）WhatcanwelearnaboutEuniceNewtonFoote？D

A.Shefoughtforequalrightsforallmen.

B.Shedevotedallherlifetoclimatescience.

C.Sheenjoyedahighpositioninclimatescience.

D.ShefirstfoundCOcouldheattheearthmoreeasily.

（2）HowdidJohnTyndallgetacrosshisideain1862？B

A.Bygivingexamples.

B.Byconductingexperiments.

C.Bymakingcomparisons.

D.Byreferringtopreviousstudies.

（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"kickoff"inParagraph4probablymean？D

A.Putoff.

B.Leaveoff.

C.Calloff.

D.Startoff.

（4）Whatisthetextmainlyabout？C

A.Thereasonsforglobalwarming.

B.Theinjusticeinclimatescience.

C.Theclimatescientistsinearlytimes.

D.Thecompositionoftheatmosphere.

【分析】本文为说明文。这段短文主要讲述了尤尼斯牛顿富特和约翰泰因德尔的研究为后来的气候科学研究奠定了基础。

【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段Thecausedtocarefullythebetween，theandatmospherethatwouldtoearthatemperaturewroteanpaperher，地球和热量，她在一篇总结自己发现的论文中写道："这种气体的大气层会给我们的地球带来高温，尤妮斯纽顿富特首次发现CO可以更容易地加热地球。

（2）细节理解题。根据第三段Withaofandtotheof，hethatgaswellwater，absorbedheatair，发现CO气体和水蒸气比单独的空气吸收更多的热量，约翰廷德尔在1862年通过进行实验得到了他的想法。

（3）词义猜测题。根据最后一段Yetfindingskickoffbroaderscientificoftheofinatmosphereglobal，他们的发现有助于启动对地球大气层中气体成分如何影响全球温度的更广泛的科学探索，kickoff意为"启动"off推迟off离开off取消off启动。

（4）主旨大意题。根据全文和最后一段Todayisrecognizedtheofwhatnowgreenhouseheatplanethimaplacetheofscience.Footeintorelativelytopublic—partlyofgender（性别）becausemeasurementslesstheirhelpedkickoffbroaderscientificoftheofinatmosphereglobal，廷德尔因发现了现在被称为温室气体的物质如何加热地球而广受认可。富特逐渐不为公众所知，部分原因则是她的测量不那么敏感，他们的发现有助于开启对地球大气中气体的组成影响着全球温度，文章主要介绍了两个早期的气候科学家。故选C。

【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

13．（10分）Givenhowwellitperforms，thereareplentyofwaysthatChatGPTcouldleveltheplayingfieldforstudentsandothersworkinginasecondlanguageorstrugglingwithcomposingsentences.SinceChatGPTgeneratesnew，originalmaterial（抄袭）.

StudentscoulduseChatGPTlikeacoachtohelpimprovetheirwritingandgrammar，oreventoexplainsubjectstheyfindchallenging.EducatorscoulduseChatGPTtohelpgeneratelessonplans，activitiesorassessments—perhapsevenpersonalizedtoaddresstheneedsorgoalsofspecificstudents.

XiaomingZhai，anexpertinscienceeducationattheUniversityofGeorgiainAthens，testedChatGPTtoseeifitcouldwriteanacademicpaper.Hewasimpressedwithhoweasyitwastosummarizeknowledgeandgenerategoodwritingusingthetool."It'sreallyamazing

Allofthissoundswonderful，butreallybigproblemsexist.Mostworrying，ChatGPTandothersimilartoolscanoftengetthingsverywrong.Theydon'tpullfactsfromdatabases.Rather，whichcanleadtoglaringmistakes.InanearlyadvertisementfortheBardchatbot，ChatGPTmadeafactualerrorabouttheJamesWebbSpaceTelescope（游隼）.Afalcon，ofcourse

MostofChatGPT'strainingdatacomefrombeforeSeptember2023，anditdoesnotprovidesourcesforitsinformation.Ifaskedforsources，itmakesthemup.Fiesler，revealedinonevideo.AvaniRao，asophomoreinCaliforniaUniversity（引文），itgavehersourcesthatlookedcorrect.Buttheydidn'tactuallyexist.

（1）What'sXiaomingZhai'sattitudetowardsChatGPT？C

A.Doubtful.

B.Indifferent.

C.Favorable.

D.Objective.

（2）WhywillChatGPTmakemistakes？B

A.Becauseitdoesn'tunderstandthelanguageithascreated.

B.Becauseitisdevelopedandtrainedinawrongway.

C.Becauseitisstillunderresearchanddevelopment.

D.Becausethedatabasesitpullfactsfromarelimited.

（3）WhoshouldbecautiouswhenusingChatGPTasanassistant？D

A.Ateacherpreparingforlessons.

B.Aprofessorteachingpaper﹣writing.

C.Astudentstuckonmakingsentences.

D.Anauthoraskingforinformationsources.

（4）Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext？A

A.TheGoodandBadofChatGPT

B.ChatGPTandtheFutureofWriting

C.ChatGPT'sAcademicPerformance

D.AmazingThingsYouCanDowithChatGPT

【分析】这篇一篇说明文。介绍了ChatGPT的用途和潜在问题。

【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第三段Xiaoming，anineducationtheofin，testedtoifcouldanpaper.Heimpressedhowittoknowledgegeneratewritingthereally，"he，看看它是否能写一篇学术论文。他说："这真是太神奇了"），故选C。

（2）推理判断题。根据第四段的Allthiswonderfulreallyproblemsworryingandsimilarcangetverydon'tfactsdatabases.Ratheraretonewthatnatural.Theylanguageunderstanding，whichleadglaring，但确实存在很大的问题，ChatGPT和其他类似的工具经常会出错。相反。它们在不理解语言的情况下重新混合语言，可知ChatGPT会犯错，故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段的MostChatGPT'sdatafromSeptember，anddoesprovideforinformation（ChatGPT的大多数培训数据来自2023年9月之前，可知询问信息来源的在使用ChatGPT作为助手时应谨慎。

（4）标题判断题。通读前文；后面几段介绍ChatGPT的缺陷，故选A。

【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

14．（10分）Scientistshavestudiedcats'socialrelationships—bothwithothercatsandhumans—butitcanbedifficulttotellwhethertwocatsareplayingorfighting，sayscatbehaviorresearcherNoemaGajdo﹣Kmecová.

Toassessandclassifyinteractions，Gajdo﹣Kmecováandcolleagueswatchedabout100videosofdifferenteractinginpairs.Afterviewingaboutone﹣thirdofthevideos，Gajdo﹣Kmecováidentifiedsixtypesofbehaviors，andforhowlong.Byrunningstatisticalanalysesonthebehaviors，shefoundthreetypesofinteractionsbetweenthecatpairs：playful，othermembersoftheteamalsowatchedthevideosandclassifiedeachinteractionbetweencats.

Someclearconnectionsappeared.Quietlywrestling，forexample，suggestedplaytime（发声），likegrowling，hissingorgurgling

Intermediateinteractionshadelementsofbothplayfulandaggressiveencounters，butespeciallyincludedprolongedactivityofonecattowardtheother，suchaspouncing（突袭）（梳毛）itsfellowcat.Thesein﹣betweenencounterscouldsuggestthatonecatwantstokeepplayingwhiletheotherdoesn't，withthemoreplayfulcatgentlypushingtoseeifitspartnerwantstocontinue

Thisworkprovidesanunderstandingofcatinteractionsforthefirsttime，Gajdo﹣Kmecovásays，butit'sjustthestart.Inthefuture，likeeartwitchesandtailswishes.Gajdo﹣Kmecováalsostressesthatonepotentiallycontroversialencounterdoesn'tnecessarilysignalaterriblecatrelationship.

（1）Whatdidthestudyfocuson？B

A.Thecats'socialrelationshipswithhumans.

B.Therealmeaningoftheinteractionsbetweencats.

C.Thewayscatscommunicatewitheachother.

D.Thebenefitsofbeingacatowner.

（2）WhatcanwelearnaboutthestudyfromParagraph2？B

A.Researchersdeterminedninetypesofinteractionsfinally.

B.Thefrequencyandlengthofcertainbehaviorswerenoticed.

C.Thecatsweretrainedandgroupedbeforetheywerefilmed.

D.100pairsofdifferentcatsinteractingwerewatchedonthespot.

（3）Whichcanbeviewedasintermediatein