江西省九江市华林中学2022年高三英语测试题含解析

江西省九江市华林中学2022年高三英语测试题含解析一、选择题1.Mr.Leeowns

collectionofstampsthananyoneelseIhaveeverknown..A.larger

B.alarger

C.thelarger

D.alarge参考答案：B2.—Henry,whatdoyouthinkofthemovieMission:Impossible4?

—___．Iwishtowatchitagain．

A．Itcouldn'tbeworse

B．Itcouldn'tbebetter

C．Ican'tagreemore

D．Ithinkitawasteoftime参考答案：B略3.Onlywhen________failintheexam,________realizeit’snecessarytostudyhard.A.you;willyou

B.doyou;willyou

C.you;youwill

D.doyou;youwill参考答案：A略4.一Let’sgotoamovieafterwork．OK?A．Notata11．

B．Nevermind．

C．Whynot?

D．You’rewelcome．参考答案：C5.Whilebuildingatunnelthroughthemountain,＿___A.anundergroundlakewasdiscoveredB.therewasanundergroundlakediscoveredC.alakewasdiscoveredundergroundD.theworkersdiscoveredanundergroundlake参考答案：d略6._______Iadmitthatthereareproblems,Idon’tagreethattheycannotbesolved.

A.Since

B.As

C.While

D.Unless参考答案：C7.GarygraduatedfromHarvard,foundajobandsettledinNewYork,all_______amonth.A.until

B.for

C.within

D.since参考答案：C

8.Myparentshave_______alottobringupthesevenofus．What'smore,theymadeusreceiveagoodeducation． A．gonethrough

B．sufferedfrom

C．takenover

D．paidback参考答案：A9.--Therice,thoughhighintheprice,isfreshfromtheproducingareaandofhighquality.--Whatabout________?A.theother

B.others

C.theothers

D.therest参考答案：D10.Thehouserentishigh..I’vegotabouthalfthespaceIhadathomeandI’m

paying______here.A.asthreetimesmuch

B.asmuchthreetimesC.muchasthreetimes

D.threetimesasmuch参考答案：D11.---Themanagerfinallyagreedtoournewmarketingproposals.

---Itneveroccurredtome

youcouldsucceedinpersuadinghimtochangehismind.A.which

B.what

C.that

D.if参考答案：C试题分析：句意：--经理最后终于同意我们的新市场议案了。--我从没有想到你能成功的说服他改变主意。这里使用了固定句型：Itoccurs/occurredtosbthat….“某人突然想起…”,it是形式主语，that引导的是真正的主语从句，所以选C。考点：考查固定句型【答案】【解析】12.InAmerica,itisoftenthejudges,ratherthanthepoliticians__________makethebigdecision__________willeffectpeople’slife.A.which;that

B.which;whichC.that;who

D.who;that参考答案：D试题分析：考查连词。judges“法官”，因为先行词是人，所以排除指物的which，故排除AB；第二空是强调句型中的that，强调句型其结构是Itwas+被强调部分+that+其他，判断强调句型的方法是把Itwasthat去掉整个句子不缺成分，是成立的。故选D。13.Moststudentsthinktheyshouldhave_______atschooliftherewerenoexaminations.

A.thehappiesttime B.amorehappiertime C.muchhappiesttime D.amuchhappiertime参考答案：D14.----Tomshouldhavebeenwarnednottocheatintheexam.---_______,buthewouldn’tlistentome.A.Sohehad

B.Sohadhe

C.Sowashe

D.Sohewas参考答案：D15.Mydoctoradvisedmetoreducetheamountofsugar______tothemilkIdrink.

A.addB.toaddC.addingD.added参考答案：D16.—Haveyou

gas?—Yes,

.IthinkIshouldbuysome.

A．runoutof;Ihaverunitout

B．runoutof;mygashasrunout

C．runoutof;mygashasbeenrunout

D．runout;mygashasrunout参考答案：B二、新的题型17.TheCostofThinkingDespitetheirmanydifferences,allhumanbeingsshareseveraldefiningcharacteristics.suchaslargebrainsandtheabilitytowalkuprightontwolegs.Thefirstuniquehumancharacteristicisthathumanshaveextraordinarilylargebrainscomparedwithotheranimals.Itseemsobviousthatevolutionshouldselectforlargerbrains.Mammals(哺乳动物)weighingsixtykilogramshaveanaveragebrainsizeof200cm2.Modernmanhasabrainaveraging1200-1400cm2.Wearesofondofourhighintelligencethatweassumethatwhenitcomestobrainpower,moremustbebetter.Unfortunately,thatisnotthecase.Thefactisthatahugebrainisahugedrain—consumptionofenergy—onthebody.I'snoteasytocarryaround,especiallywhenboxedinsideamassiveskull(倾骨).It'sevenhardertoprovidesenergy.Inmodernman,thebrainaccountsforabout2-3%oftotalbodyweightbutitconsumes25%ofthebody'senergywhenthebodyisatrest.Bycomparison,thebrainsofapes(类人猿)requireonly8%ofrest-timeenergy.Earlyhumanspadfortheirlargebrainsintwoways.Firstly,theyspentmoretimeinsearchfood.Secondly,theirmusclesgrewsmallerandweaker.It'shardlyanobviousconclusionthatthisisagoodwaytosurvive.Achimpanzee(黑猩猩)can'twinanargumentwithamodernman,butitcantearthemanapartlikearagdoll.Anotheruniquehumancharacteristicisthatwewalkupright.Standingup,it'seasiertofindfoodorenemies.Inaddition,theirarmsthatareunnecessaryformovingaroundarefreedforotherpurposes,likethrowingstonesorsignaling.Asaresult,humanscanperformverycomplextaskswiththeirhands.Yetwalkinguprighthasitsdisadvantage.Thebonestructureofourancestorsdevelopedformillionsofyearstosupportacreaturethatwalkedonallfoursandhasalysmallhead.Adjustingtoanuprightpositionwasquiteachallenge,especiallywhentheboneshadtosupportanextra-largeskull.Humankindpaidforitsbroadvisionandskillfulhandsbackachesandpainfulnecks.Weassumethatalargebrainmakeshugeadvantages.Itseemsobviousthatthesehavemadehumankindthemostpowerfulanimalonearth.Buthumansenjoyedalloftheseadvantagesforafull2millionyearsduringwhichtheyremainedweakandmarginalcreature.Thushumanswholivedamillionyearsagodespitetheirbigbrainsandsharpstonetools,livedinconstantfearofmeat-eatinganimals.TheCostofThinkingIntroduction?Largebrainsfortheirbodiesandtheabilitytowalkuprightaretwo___71___ofhumanbeings.The___72___oflargehumanbrains?Thelargerbrainsmaynotbebetterbecauseofthecost.?Thebigbrainsmakeitharderforthebodytomovearoundandconsumemoreenergy.?Theanimalbrainrequiresless___73___whenthebodyisatrest.?

Largehumanbrainsconsumemorefood,andweakenmuscles.The___74___ofwalkingupright?Walkinguprightmakesiteasytofindfoodor___75___againstenemies.?Freedhandscanservesome___76___purposeandperformcomplextasks.?Walkinguprightchallengesthehumanbonestructure,and

___77___thesizeofbrains.?Walkinguprightresultsin___78___sufferings.Conclusion?Withalargebrain,humanbeings___79___otherbeingsintermsofintelligence.?Weakandmarginal,humanbeingsremained___80___ofmeat-eatinganimals.

参考答案：71.characteristics

72.disadvantages

73.energy

74.impact(s)

75.guard

76.other

77.limits

78.physical

79.beat

80.fearful/afraid本文为记叙文。主要叙述人用大脑思考的代价。人类与动物相比有两大特点：大大的大脑和直立行走。超大的大脑使人类拥有更高的智商，但却消耗巨大的能量。直立行走让人类擅长寻找食物和抵御敌人，解放了的双手来更复杂的事。但却让人类遭受腰痛和颈部疼痛等。人类成为地球上最强大的动物，享受无与伦比的优势，却对食肉动物怀有恐惧。【71题详解】考查信息归纳。根据第一段“allhumanbeingssharedefiningcharacteristics,suchaslargebrainsandtheabilitytowalkuprightontwolegs.”可知，大脑袋和双腿直立行走的能力是人类共有的特点(characteristics)。故填characteristics。【72题详解】考查信息归纳。72题就是对第三段内容的总结。第三段主要叙述了人类的大脑大的缺点。因此本空格填写disadvantages。【73题详解】考查信息来源。根据第三段中的“ahugebrainisahugedrain--consumptionofenergy”以及“It(thebrain)consumes25%ofthebody’senergywhenthebodyisatrest.Bycomparisonthebrainsofapesrequireonly8%ofrest-timeenergy”可知，人类巨大的大脑是一个巨大的能量消耗。当身体处于休息时，大脑要消耗25%的身体能量。相比之下，类人猿的大脑只需要8%的休息时间能量。人类与动物相比，动物需要的能量（energy）要比人类少。故填energy。【74题详解】考查信息归纳题。分析空后的75--78小题所在的第五段和第六段的内容可知，此部分主要叙述了直立行走对人类的影响。故填impact(s)。【75题详解】考查考查信息转换。根据第五段的第一句“Anotheruniquehumancharacteristicisthatwewalkupright.Standingup,it’seasiertofindfoodorenemies.”可知，另一个独特的人类特征是我们直立行走。站起来，更容易找到食物或敌人。找到敌人，就是为了防御敌人。因为or为连词，在此句中连结两个动词短语，故空格填动词。“guardagainst...”为固定搭配，意为“防御......”，故本空填写guard。【76题详解】考查信息来源。根据第五段中的”...theirarmsthatareunnecessaryformoving

aroundarefreedforotherpurposes,likethrowingstonesorsignaling.Asaresult,humanscanperformverycomplextaskswiththeirhands.”可知，解放了的双手可以用于做其它的事，即有其它的目的。故填other。【77题详解】考查信息归纳。根据第五段“walkinguprighthasdisadvantages.Thebonestructureofourancestorsdevelopedformillionsofyearstosupportacreaturethatwalkedonfourandasmallhead.Adjustingtoanuprightpositionwasquiteachallenge,especiallywhentheboneshadtosupportanextra-largeskull.”可知，直立行走也有缺点。我们祖先进化了上百亿年，?骼也只能支撑四肢行走和有一个相对较小的头。直立行走对人类的骨架是一个相当大的挑战，限制了人的头脑的大小。故本空填limits。【78题详解】考查信息转换。根据第六段“...,Humankindpaidforitsvisionandskillfulhandswithbackachesandpainfulnecks.”可知，直立对人类的骨架是一个相当大的挑战，人类为自己的视力和灵巧的双手付出了代价，换来的是腰酸背痛和脖子疼痛。由此得出，直立导致身体方面的(physical)痛苦，故填physical。【79题详解】根据最后一段“Weassumethatalargebrainmakeshugeadvantages.Itseemsobviousthatthesehavemadehumankindthemostpowerfulanimal

onearth.”可知，我们假设大脑越大，优势越大。很明显，这些使得人类成为地球上最强大的动物。由此可推断出我们的大脑比动物大，在智力方面人类比动物更聪明，即在智力方面击败了(beat)其他动物。故本空填beat。【80题详解】根据最后一段“...humansenjoyedalloftheseadvantagesforafull2millionyearsduringwhichtheyweakandmarginalcreatures.Thushumanswholivedamillionyearsago,despitetheirbigbrainsandsharpstonetools,livedinconstantfearofmeat--eatinganimals.”可知，尽管人类享受着所有这些优势，但也是弱小的生物。因此尽管拥有巨大的大脑和锋利的石器，但也曾经对食肉动物仍旧害怕/恐惧。因为空前是系动词，故本空要填形容词(afraid/fearful)可知，此处要填名词，故填fearful/afraid。

三、阅读理解18.任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最适当的单词。注意：每空1个单词。Eventhemostself-confidentamonguswillexperiencedoubtfromtimetotime.Self-doubtisthatfeelingofuncertaintyaboutyourabilitytoaccomplishsomething.Thisdarkshadowofinsecuritycanleadtohesitationandindecision.Ifleftunchecked,itcancauseustoabandonourcourseorradicallycompromiseourexpectations.

Herearesevensimplestepstoconquering(战胜)self-doubt.

1.Recognizeandacknowledgeyourdoubt.Youcannotovercomesomethinguntilyoufirstrecognizeandacknowledgeitsexistence.Ifwegiveintothetemptation(诱惑)toignoreordenyself-doubt,itwillimposelimitsonourabilitytoact.Self-doubtcanbeastealthy(潜在的)problem.Ifyoususpectthatitexists,youneedtopullitintothelightsoitcanbedealtwith.Thebetteryoubecomeatidentifyinghiddendoubts,theeasieritwillbetoovercomethem.

2.Analyzeyourdoubt.Spendsometimedrillingdownandfigureoutwhattriggered(引发)itandwhy?Whenyouanalyzefeelings,youmakethemvulnerable(脆弱)logicandreason.Normally,feelingsoverridelogic,butquestioningthevalidityoffeelingsbringsthemwithinthereachofreason.

3.Identifythesource.Ifyoucanfigureoutwherethesefeelingsoriginate,thenyoucanhitthemwheretheylive.Youdon’tneedtopsychoanalyzeyourselfbacktochildhoodoranythinglikethat.Justtrytogetahandleontheareaofyourlifethatcreatesyoursenseofuncertaintysoyoucanworkonit.

4.Isthereapattern.Doyouhaveahistoryofself-doubtinthisarea?Doubttendstohavefavoriteplacestohangout.Thisraisesthelikelihoodthatwehaveprobablyexperienceditinasimilarsituationbefore.Thinkback,haveyoubeendownthisroadbefore?Didyouovercomeyourdoubts?Ifso,whatstepsdidyoutake?Ifnot,whatcanyoudodifferentlythistimearound?

5.Designaplan.Sitdownandplanoutastrategyfordefeatingyourdoubt.Makeaneducateddecisionaboutwhattodonext.Chooseapaththatyouthinkwillleadtoconqueringyourdoubts.Next,putyourplandowninwriting.

6.Anticipate(预计)possiblechallenges.Nowlookatyourplanandtrytoidentifypossiblechallengesalongtheway.Istheresomeareathatyouneedhelpwith?Ifso,asksomeoneclosetoyoutogiveyousomeencouragement.Sometimes,someforesightandalittlesupportisallittakes.

7.Takeaction.Youhaveaplan,thenextstepistoputittousebytakingaction.Sticktoyourplanandaskforhelpifyouneedit.Infact,encouragementisgoodevenifyouthinkyoucangoitalone.

Formostpeople,self-doubtisjustatemporarycondition.Thinkofitlikeaspeedbumpontheroadtosuccess.Takethebumpinstride(脚步),thenputthepedaltothemetal,andgoforit.Whenyourconfidenceischallenged,justfollowthe