作家毛姆生平英文课件

SomersetMaughamafamousBritishnovelist﹑playwrightandshortstorywriter.(25January1874–16December1965)SomersetMaughamafamoussection1BriefIntroductionofhislifesection1BriefIntroductionofChildhood8yearsoldhismomdied,twoyearslaterhisfatherdied.MaughamwassenttotheUKtobecaredforbyhisuncle,HenryMacDonaldMaugham..hisuncleprovedcoldandemotionallycruel,

hisnewschoolwasalsodifficultforhim.HewasteasedforhisbadEnglish(Frenchhadbeenhisfirstlanguage)andhisshortstature,whichheinheritedfromhisfather.Childhood8yearsoldhismomdChildhoodMiserablebothathisuncle'svicarageandatschool,theyoungMaughamdevelopedatalentformakingwoundingremarkstothosewhodispleasedhim.ThisabilityissometimesreflectedinMaugham'sliterarycharacters.ChildhoodMiserablebothathisCareerMaugham'sfatherandthreeolderbrotherswerealldistinguishedlawyers,butMaughamaskedtobeexcusedfromthedutyoffollowingintheirfootsteps.Maughamhadbeenwritingsteadilysincetheageof15andferventlywishedtobecomeanauthor，butlaterhestudiedmedicineatthemedicalschool，meetingpeopleofa"low"sortwhomhewouldneverhavemetotherwise,andseeingthematatimeofheightenedanxietyandmeaningintheirlives.CareerMaugham'sfatherandthrCareerIn1897,hepublishedhisfirstnovel,LizaofLambeth,ataleofworking-classadulteryanditsconsequences.LizaofLambeth'sfirstprintrunsoldoutinamatterofweeks.Maugham,whohadqualifiedasamedic,droppedmedicineandembarkedonhis65-yearcareerasamanofletters.Helatersaid,"Itooktoitasaducktakestowater."CareerIn1897,hepublishedhiMarriageDuringhisyearinHeidelbergMaughammetandhadasexualaffairwithJohnEllinghamBrooks,anEnglishmantenyearshissenior.Althoughhomosexual,MaughamenteredintoarelationshipwithSyrieWellcome,anAmerican-bornEnglishpharmaceuticalmagnate.HenryWellcomesuedhiswifefordivorce,namingMaughamasco-respondent.Themarriagewasunhappy,andSyriedivorcedhimin1929,findinghisrelationshipandtravelswithHaxtontoodifficulttolivewith.MarriageDuringhisyearinHeiMarriageMaugham'slovelifewasalmostneversmooth.Heonceconfessed:"IhavemostlovedpeoplewhocaredlittleornothingformeandwhenpeoplehavelovedmeIhavebeenembarrassed...Inordernottohurttheirfeelings,IhaveoftenactedapassionIdidnotfeel.MarriageMaugham'slovelifewaSection2WorksandwritingstyleSection2WorksandwritingstydramaLongnoveldramaLongnovelNotableWorksHisreputationasanovelistrestsprimarilyonthesebooks:NotableWorksHisreputationasLizaofLambeth(1897)wasW.SomersetMaugham'sfirstnovel,whichhewrotewhileworkingasadoctoratahospitalinLambeth.ItdepictstheshortlifeanddeathofLizaKemp,an18-year-oldfactoryworkerwholivestogetherwithheragingmotherinthefictionalVereStreet.Allinall,itgivesthereaderaninterestinginsightintotheeverydaylivesofworkingclassLondonersattheendofthenineteenthcentury.LizaofLambeth(1897)wasW.Inclassicguide,Maughamintroducesanddiscusseswhatheconsiderstobethetengreatestnovelsandtheirauthors.Herearesomeoftheformulaeofgreatnessinthegenre.Maugham'schoicelist:Fielding's"TomJones";《汤姆·琼斯》（亨利·菲尔丁）Dickens's"DavidCopperfield";《大卫·科波菲尔》（查尔斯·狄更斯

）Flaubert's"MadameBovary";《包法利夫人》（福楼拜

）Balzac's"OldManGoriot";《高老头》(巴尔扎克）EmilyBronte's"WutheringHeights",《呼啸山庄》（艾蜜莉·勃朗特）

Dostoevsky's"TheBrothersKaramazov";《卡拉马佐夫兄弟》（陀思妥耶夫斯基)Stendhal's

"TheRedandtheBlack";《红与黑》（斯汤达尔

）Austen's"PrideandPrejudice";《傲慢与偏见》（珍·奥斯汀）Melville's"MobyDick";《白鲸记》（赫尔曼·梅尔维尔)Tolstoy's"WarandPeace".《战争与和平》（托尔斯泰

）Inclassicguide,MaughamintHisWritingStyleMaughamwasinfluencedbythepublishedjournalsoftheFrenchwriterJulesRenard,IbsenandhiscomedieswasinfluencedbyOscarWildealot.

Maughamhadenjoyedfortheirconscientiousness,wisdomandwit.Healwaysholdcalm,aloofevenparticularattitudeswithsomesatireandmercytoobservelifeinalmostallhisworks.HisWritingStyleMaughamwasHisWritingStyleHisworksaremianlyaboutfamily,loveandthetwistsinmarriage.Hedescribedthesituationsandcustomsintheupperclassandexpressedthedoubtsaboutthesocietymorality.Hisworksaremoresatiricthanhumourous.HisWritingStyleHisworksaresection3Influencesection3InfluenceIn1947MaughaminstitutedtheSomersetMaughamAward,awardedtothebestBritishwriterorwritersundertheageofthirty-fiveforaworkoffictionpublishedinthepastyear.NotablewinnersincludeV.S.Naipaul,KingsleyAmis,MartinAmisandThomGunn.Onhisdeath,MaughamdonatedhisroyaltiestotheRoyalLiteraryFund.In1947MaughaminstitutedtheOtherwritersacknowledgedhiswork.AnthonyBurgess,whoincludedacomplexfictionalportraitofMaughaminthenovelEarthlyPowers,praisedhisinfluence.IanFlemingnotedthathewrotetheshortsto