2022-2023学年四川省宜宾市叙州区第一重点中学校高一下学期联考英语试题原卷版+解析版无听力音频无听力原文

第第页2022-2023学年四川省宜宾市叙州区第一重点中学校高一下学期联考英语试题（原卷版+解析版，无听力音频无听力原文）叙州区一中2022-2023学年高一下期开学考试

英语试题

本试卷共8页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。

注意事项：

1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上

第I卷(选择题95分)

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1．Howmuchwillthemanpayintotal

A．$20.B．$36.C．$40.

2．WhyhasTomchangedhisplan

A．TheweatherwillbebadB．Nogoodmoviewillbeon.

C．Hewillhavetodothecleaning

3．Whatarethetwospeakersmainlytalkingabout

A．Whentowork.B．Wheretoeat.C．Whattoeat.

4．WhenwillthenextbusleaveforBeijing

A．At10:07.B．At10:30.C．At11:00.

5．WhatisSusanprobablydoing

A．Doingherhomework.B．Doingsomeshopping.C．Lookingforsomething.

第二节(共15小题，每小题15分，满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段长对话，回答第6、7题。

6．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout

A．Thegirl’sstudies.B．Thegirl’sinterest.C．Thegirl’smajor.

7．Whatcanweknowfromtheconversation

A．Thegirlissuretostudyart.

B．Thegirlcouldn’tlistentotheman’sadviceatall.

C．Themanwantsthegirltofindajobaftershefinishesherstudying.

听第7段长对话，回答第8至9题。

8．Whatdidthemandofirstlastnight

A．Helistenedtomusic.B．HewatchedTV.C．Hereadtextbooks.

9．WhatisWimbledonabout

A．Music.B．Tennis.C．Films.

听第8段长对话，回答第10至12题。

10．Whathasmadeworkingathomepossible

A．Livingfarfromworkplaces.B．Communicationindustry.C．Morejobopportunities.

11．Whatistheadvantageofworkingathomeaccordingtothewoman

A．Savingmoretime.B．Havingalotoffreedom.C．Takingcareofthefamilyeasily.

12．Whatmighthappeninthefutureinthewoman’sopinion

A．Britishcompanywillmoveoverseas.

B．Allcompanieswillemployhomeworkers.

C．Peoplewillworkathomeforaforeigncompany.

听第9段长对话，回答第13至16题。

13．Whatarethespeakersdoing

A．Makingatrainingplan.B．Doingsomeexercises.C．Attendingasportsmeeting.

14．Howlongwillthefirstperiodoftheexercisinglast

A．Twoweeks.B．Fourweeks.C．Sixweeks.

15．WhichsportdoesthemanplantopracticeonWednesday

A．Cycling.B．RunningC．Swimming.

16．Howdoesthemanlikethesecondperiodoftheexercising

A．Interesting.B．Easy.C．Stressful.

听下面一段短文，回答第17至20题。

17．Whatdidthespeakerdooneday

A．Heinvitedafriendtohishouse.

B．Hepaidavisittohisfriend

C．Hehadlunchwithafriend.

18．Howdidthespeakerlookforhiscar

A．Heaskedapolicemanforhelp.

B．Hisfriendcalledapoliceman.

C．Hecheckedeverycarinthestreet.

19．Whendidthespeakerfindhiscar

A．Beforelunch.B．Afterlunch.C．Afterdinner.

20．Whatisthespeaker’sopinion

A．Walkingiseasierthandrivingincrowdedcities.

B．Drivinginthecityisapleasure.

C．Parkingcarsisalwaysdifficultinthecity.

第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Nearlyallofushaveabadhabit,whetherweknowitornot.Somepeoplesaytheywanttogetridofitbutdon’tknowtheproperways.Here’ssomeadviceonhowtogetridofbadhabits.

Makealist.Writedownwhyyouwanttostopacertainbehaviorhowit’shurtingyouandhowtogetridofit.Thiswillhelpalot.Lookatthatlistregularly.

Joininotheractivities.It’swiseofyoutodosomethingelsewhenyouwanttostopyourbadhabits.Ifyougetangryeasily,forexample,youcanpracticehavingadeepbreathorgoingforawalk.

Giveyourselfapresent.Beforeyoutakeactionagainstabadhabit,decidewhatyou’lldotocelebrateitifyoureachyourgoal.

Keepoffbadhabits.Ifyouarefatandwanttoloseweight,keepjunkfoodoutofyourhouse.Ifyouareaheavysmokerwithcoffee,turntoteaandkeepawayfromfriendswholikesmoking.

Bepatient.Badhabitsdevelopoveryears,soyouprobablywon’tbeabletogetridofthemquickly.Infact,peopleoftengiveupseveraltimesbeforebeingsuccessful,soyoushouldbepatient.

Findsupport.Don’tbeafraidtoaskforsupportfromfriends,familyorotherpeoplewhohavethesamebadhabitsasyou.Whenyoutalktoothers,theymightbeabletoprovideadviceorencouragementthatyouusuallywouldn’tgetfromyourself.

1.Ifyouwanttoloseweight,youshould______.

A.drinkmorecoffee.B.refusethejunkfood.

C.findsupportfromfriends.D.findaheavysmoker.

2.WhichofthefollowingisWRONGaccordingtothepassage

A.it’snoteasytogetridofbadhabitsinashorttime.

B.Youcanwritedownthereasonsforgettingridofbadhabits.

C.Whentalkingtoothers,youcangetwhatyoucan’tgetfromyourself.

D.Whenyouwanttostopyourbadhabits,don’tdoanything.

3.Fromthepassageyoucanlearn______.

A.howtogetridofbadhabits.B.whywehavesomebadhabits.

C.whattodotohaveabadhabit.D.wheretofindsomesupport

【答案】1.B2.D3.A

【解析】

【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章针对如何改掉坏习惯这一问题，给出了自己的一些建议。

【1题详解】

细节理解题，根据Keepoffbadhabits部分中“Ifyouarefatandwanttoloseweight,keepjunkfoodoutofyourhouse.(如果你很胖，又想减肥，那就远离垃圾食品)”可知，如果你想减肥，你应该拒绝垃圾食品。故选B。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据Bepatient部分中“Badhabitsdevelopoveryears,soyouprobablywon’tbeabletogetridofthemquickly.(坏习惯已经形成许多年了，所以你可能无法很快改掉它们)”可知A选项“短时间内改掉坏习惯是不容易的”正确；根据Makealist.部分中“Writedownwhyyouwanttostopacertainbehavior,howit’shurtingyouandhowtogetridofit.(写下你为什么想要停止某种行为，它是如何伤害你的，以及如何摆脱它)”可知B选项“你可以写下改掉坏习惯的理由”正确；根据Findsupport.部分中“Whenyoutalktoothers,theymightbeabletoprovideadviceorencouragementthatyouusuallywouldn’tgetfromyourself.(当你和别人交谈时，他们可能会给你提供建议或鼓励，而这些你通常不会从自己那里得到)”可知C选项“和别人交谈时，你可以得到你自己得不到的东西”正确；而D选项“当你想改掉坏习惯时，什么都不要做”文章没有提到。故选D。

【3题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Here’ssomeadviceonhowtogetridofbadhabits.(这里有一些关于如何摆脱坏习惯的建议)”可知，文章主要介绍了改掉坏习惯的一些建议，也就是说，从文章中你可以了解到如何摆脱坏习惯。故选A。

B

Atfirstsight,AlmaDeutscher,asixteen-year-oldgirlfromEnglandappearstobelikeanyothertypicalteenager.Shelovestoskiprope,readandplaywithheryoungersister.Butthismodestyoungster,whocomposedherfirstmusicalworkatagesix,firstshortoperaatageseven,andfirstfull-lengthoperabasedonCinderellaatageten,isanythingbutaverage.Thoughherparentsdownplayed(淡化)herextraordinarytalent,youngAlmaisbeingdescribedas“littleMozart”bythemusicworld.

Alma’soperabasedontheclassicfairytale,whichshebeganwritingatageeight,hasaslighttwist.HerCinderellaisamusicianwhomeetsherPrinceCharming,apoetthroughasong.“InmyCinderella,shesingsthebeginningofaballad—butatmidnightsheflees.Eventually,theprincefindsherafteraskingallthegirlsofthecountrytosingtheendoftheballad.”

TheoperawasfirstperformedinVienna,AustriaonDecember29,2023,wherethetheneleven-year-oldskillfullyswitchedbetweenthepianoandtheviolinandreceivedenthusiasticreviews.Theyounggeniushassinceperformedtwonewpianoworks,oneinAustraliaandtheotherinChina.

Whilethismayappeartobealotforsomeonesoyoung,Almaisnotworried.Shesays,“OfcourseIhavetoworkhard.Butallchildrenhavetoworkhardforexams,andatleastwhenIworkhard,Iworkhardforsomethingincrediblyexciting,likeseeingmywholeoperaputon.”

Alma’smusicaltalentfirstcametolightbeforeshecouldeventalk.Herparentsrecallthatasan18-month-oldtoddler,shewasabletohumaperfectversionofthechildren’srhymeTwinkleTwinkleLittleStar.

However,Alma’sabilitiesonlygainedinternationalattentionin2023,afterafamilyfriendpostedavideoonlinecomparinghertoMozart.ThefamilywassuddenlyswampedwithmediaandAlmabecameanovernightstar,dubbed“littleMozart”.Thisnicknamemakesherparentsunhappybecausetheybelieveitputsaddedpressureontheyounggirl.Theywouldinsteadpreferhertobecalled“acomposerandmusician”.

Almadoesnotwanttobecomparedtothefamousartisteither,saying“TherewasonlyoneMozart,andIprefertobelittleAlma.”Regardlessofwhatshecallsherself,thesixteen-year-oldischangingtheworldofmusicforever!

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementaboutAlmaisWRONG

A.Shecanplaythepianoandtheviolinskillfully.

B.Shecanwriteoperasandcomposemusicaswell.

C.HertalentgoesfarbeyondthatofMozart.

D.Shedisplayedhertalentformusicatanearlyage.

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“twist”(Para2)mostprobablymean

A.Disadvantage.B.Change.C.Improvement.D.Error.

6.WhatdoweknowaboutAlma’sCinderella

A.CinderellameetsherMr.Rightthroughasong.

B.Itisashortoperabasedontheclassicfairytale.

C.Theprincefindsherwiththehelpofacrystalshoe.

D.ItenjoysagreatsuccessandhasbeenperformedinChina.

7.WhatwasAlma’sparents’attitudetoherfame

A.Overexcited.B.Concerned.C.Happy.D.Shocked.

【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.B

【解析】

【分析】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了16岁的英国女孩AlmaDeutscher因改编著名的童话故事《灰姑娘》成歌剧后成名的事迹。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段关键句“However,Alma’sabilitiesonlygainedinternationalattentionin2023,afterafamilyfriendpostedavideoonlinecomparinghertoMozart.”（然而，阿尔玛的能力直到2023年才获得国际关注，当时一位家庭朋友在网上发布了一段视频，将她比作莫扎特。）及最后一段关键句“Almadoesnotwanttobecomparedtothefamousartisteither,saying“TherewasonlyoneMozart,andIprefertobelittleAlma.””（阿尔玛也不想被比作著名的艺术家，她说：“世界上只有一个莫扎特，我宁愿做小阿尔玛。”）可知，Alma的才华被用来与莫扎特作比较，而非远远超过莫扎特。故选C项。

【5题详解】

词义猜测题。根据文章第二段关键短语“Alma’soperabasedontheclassicfairytale”（阿尔玛根据经典童话改编的歌剧）及关键句“HerCinderellaisamusicianwhomeetsherPrinceCharming,apoetthroughasong.”（她的灰姑娘是一位音乐家，她通过一首歌遇到了她的白马王子，一位诗人。）可知，Alma根据经典童话故事《灰姑娘》稍作改动改编了歌剧。twist与change近义，表示“变化、改动”。故选B项。

【6题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第二段关键句“InmyCinderella,shesingsthebeginningofaballad—butatmidnightsheflees.Eventually,theprincefindsherafteraskingallthegirlsofthecountrytosingtheendoftheballad.”（在我的《灰姑娘》中，她唱了一段歌谣的开头，但在午夜逃走了。最终，王子在要求全国所有的女孩唱完这首歌后找到了她。）可知，在Alma的《灰姑娘》中，灰姑娘通过一首歌邂逅了她的白马王子。故选A项。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段关键句“Thisnicknamemakesherparentsunhappybecausetheybelieveitputsaddedpressureontheyounggirl.Theywouldinsteadpreferhertobecalled“acomposerandmusician”.”（这个绰号让她的父母很不高兴，因为他们认为这给这个小女孩增加了压力。他们更希望她被称为“作曲家和音乐家”。）可知，Alma的父母对于她的出名是担忧的。故选B项。

C

Haveyouevernoticedthatsomepeoplecaneatwhattheywantandstayinshape,whileotherscarefullywatchwhattheyeatandstillputonweightHowannoying!However,scientistsarebeginningtobelievethatsomepeoplegettheabilitytostaythinfromtheirparents.

Scientistssaythatwhensomepeopleeat,theirbodieswillnaturallystoretheexcessenergyfromfoodasfat.Thesepeoplegainweightiftheyeatmorethantheyneedeachday.Meanwhile,otherpeopleeatmorethantheyneedbuttheirbodiesareableto“burnoff”theextrafoodwithoutmakingfat,sotheyrarelyhaveweightproblems.

Toshowthatthisistrue,scientistshaveexperimentedonlaboratorymice.Theygavethemiceaspecialdietwithalotoffat.Somemicegainedweightwhiletheothermicestayedthin,eventhoughbothgroupsofmiceatethesameamountoffoodandgotthesameamountofexercise.Scientistsconcludedthatweightgainseemedtobeinfluencedbygenetic(基因的)factors.Theyalsobelievetheyhavenowidentifiedthegenesthatmaycausethistendency.Thesegenes,accordingtothescientists,getpasseddownthegenerations.Armedwiththisknowledge,theybelieveitmaybepossibletodevelopmedicinesthatcantargetthegenesandstoppeoplefromgainingweight.

Thestudyofweightgainisbecomingmoreimportantasthenumbersofpeoplewhoareoverweightcontinuestogrow.IntheUnitedStates,overseventypercentofthepopulationhaveweightproblems.Thismeanstheyareatriskofillnesssuchashighbloodpressureandheartdisease.

Currentmedicinesforweightcontroldonotworkverywellbecausetheycanhaveserioussideeffects,suchasheartproblems.However,ittakesalongtimetodevelopandthoroughlytestnewdrugs.Therefore,despitethisbreakthroughinthestudyofweight-lossdrugs,scientistsandhealthprofessionalsallagreethatcurrentlythebestwaytocontrolweightgainistohaveahealthy,balanceddietandanactivelifestylewithdailyexercise.Thiswillnotonlyhelppeopleavoidbecomingoverweight,butalsohelpthemstayhealthyandenergetic.

8.Accordingtothescientists,somepeople________.

A.areabletostaythinbecauseofgeneticfactors

B.caneatwhattheywantandstayhealthyforever

C.usuallykeepdoingexercisetolosetheirweight

D.don’teatanythingeverydaybutstillputonweight

9.Somepeopledon’tneedtoworryaboutweightproblemsbecause________.

A.theyeatmanyvegetables

B.theyeatlessthanothers

C.theydon’tstoreanyenergyfromfoodasfat

D.theycanburnofftheextrafoodwithoutmakingfat

10.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage

A.Fewerpeoplewillhaveweightproblemsinthefuture.

B.Peoplewithweightproblemsmaysufferfromhearttrouble.

C.Wenowhavegoodmedicineforpeoplewithweightproblems.

D.Theresultoftheexperimentsonmiceandhumansaredifferent.

11.Whatdoesthelastparagraphimply

A.Currentmedicinesolveweightproblemswell.

B.Weshouldexerciseregularlyandeatproperly.

C.Takingexerciseeverydaymaycauseheartproblems.

D.Testingnewdrugsishardbecauseofthesideeffects.

【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.B

【解析】

【分析】这是一篇说明文。研究发现体重是否增加受基因因素的影响，但体重过重的人可能患有高血压和心脏病等疾病的风险，因此我们应该经常锻炼，合理饮食。

【8题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中“However,scientistsarebeginningtobelievethatsomepeoplegettheabilitytostaythinfromtheirparents.(然而，科学家们开始认为有些人的保持苗条的能力来自他们的父母)”和第三段中“Scientistsconcludedthatweightgainseemedtobeinfluencedbygenetic(基因的)factors.(科学家得出结论，体重增加似乎受基因因素的影响)”可知，科学家认为有些人能够保持苗条是因为基因的因素。故选A项。

【9题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中“Meanwhile,otherpeopleeatmorethantheyneedbuttheirbodiesareableto“burnoff”theextrafoodwithoutmakingfat,sotheyrarelyhaveweightproblems.(与此同时，有些人吃的比他们需要的多，但他们的身体能够“燃烧”多余的食物而不产生脂肪，所以他们很少有体重问题)”可知，有些人不需要担心体重问题，因为他们可以“燃烧”掉多余的食物而不产生脂肪。故选D项。

【10题详解】

推理判断题。根据第四段中“IntheUnitedStates,overseventypercentofthepopulationhaveweightproblems.Thismeanstheyareatriskofillnesssuchashighbloodpressureandheartdisease.(在米国，超过70%的人口有体重问题。这意味着他们有患高血压和心脏病等疾病的风险)”可推知，有体重问题的人可能患有心脏病。故选B项。

【11题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Therefore,despitethisbreakthroughinthestudyofweight-lossdrugs,scientistsandhealthprofessionalsallagreethatcurrentlythebestwaytocontrolweightgainistohaveahealthy,balanceddietandanactivelifestylewithdailyexercise.(因此，尽管减肥药的研究取得了突破，但科学家和健康专家都一致认为，目前控制体重增加的最佳方式是拥有健康、均衡的饮食和积极的生活方式，并每天进行锻炼)”可推知，我们应该经常锻炼，合理饮食。故选B项。

D

Now,itiswinterandasyouhaveprobablynoticed,virusareeverywhere—runnynoses,sorethroats,nothingquitelikethecommoncoldtomakeyoufeelsouncomfortable.Butexpertsbelievethatthereisnolinkbetweencoldweatherandcatchingcolds.Sowhyareweparticularlyeasytocatchcoldsthisseason

InternalMedicineexpert,DrMeenakshiJainofMaxHospitalsays,“Onereasoncouldbethatpeoplearelikelytostayindoors,sotheviruscanspreadeasily.Alsothevirusgrowsstrongandhealthyunderwetconditions.”

Thecommoncoldcanbecausedbyanyofupto250kindsofvirus.Themostcommongroupofthemisthekindofvirusthathitsthenose,whichiscalledrhinovirus.Rhinovirusescauseathirdandahalfofallcommoncolds.

“Thiskindofvirusisspreadthroughthenoseandrespiratorypassages(呼吸道)，bytouch,andbycontactwithparticles(微粒)intheairthatarecreatedbysneezingorcoughing,”saysDrJain.

Thereisnowaytotreatthecommoncold.However,therearesometipsthatcanhelp.Washyourhandsregularly,sothatgermsgetkilled.Don’ttouchyoureyes,noseormouth,whichcanlimityourchancesofinfection(传染).Don’tsharedrinkingglasseswithanyoneasthiswillpreventthespreadofthevirus.Drinklotsofwater.Makesuretoeatenoughfruitstoboostyourimmunesystem(免疫系统).Getenoughsleepandyou’llcertainlybecomestronger.

12.Whatdoesthewriterthinkwillmakeyousuffermost

A.Thecommoncold.B.Thewinter.

C.Sorethroats.D.Runnynoses.

13.Athirdandahalfofallcommoncoldsarecausedby_____.

A.thecoldweatherinthewinterB.theconditionofthehumanbody

C.thevirusthathitspeople’snoseD.thewarmtemperatureintheroom

14.Theunderlinedword“boost”inthelastparagraphprobablymeans_____.

A.damageB.treatC.changeD.improve

15.Inthelastparagraph,thewritermainlywantstotellus_____.

A.somewaysforthevirustospread

B.thecommoncoldcannotbetreated

C.exerciseisimportanttopeople’shealth

D.sometipsonhowtokeepthecoldaway

【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.D

【解析】

【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了冬季易患感冒的原因，病毒传播的方式和预防感冒的小窍门。

【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“Now,itiswinterandasyouhaveprobablynoticed,virusareeverywhere—runnynoses,sorethroats,nothingquitelikethecommoncoldtomakeyoufeelsouncomfortable.”（现在是冬天，你可能已经注意到了，病毒到处都是，流鼻涕，喉咙痛，没有什么比普通感冒更让你感到不舒服的了。）可知，认为没有什么比普通感冒更让你感到不舒服的了，也就是说，普通感冒会让你最不舒服。由此可知，认为普通感冒会让你最痛苦。故选A项。

【13题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段关键句“Themostcommongroupofthemisthekindofvirusthathitsthenose,whichiscalledrhinovirus.Rhinovirusescauseathirdandahalfofallcommoncolds.”（其中最常见的一类病毒是袭击鼻子的病毒，称为鼻病毒。鼻病毒引起三分之一到一半的普通感冒。）可知，鼻病毒引起三分之一到一半的普通感冒，鼻病毒指的是袭击鼻子的病毒。由此可知，三分之一到一半的普通感冒是由病毒袭击人的鼻子引起的。故选C项。

【14题详解】

词义猜测题。根据画线单词所在句中“Makesuretoeatenoughfruits”（一定要吃足够的水果）可知，吃足够的水果应该是能够增强免疫系统的，“improve”意为“改进，改善”，符合句意。故选D项。

【15题详解】

主旨大意题。根据最后一段内容及关键句“Thereisnowaytotreatthecommoncold.However,therearesometipsthatcanhelp.”（没有办法治疗感冒。不过，有一些技巧可以帮助你。）可知，最后一段主要介绍了一些预防感冒的方法，由此可知，在最后一段中，主要想告诉我们一些如何预防感冒的小窍门。故选D项。

第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

Waystoprotecteyesfromscreens

Toomuchscreentimemaycauseseriouseyestrain(眼疲劳）andevenasharpdeclineofeyesight.That'sabigproblemalotofpeoplearefacedwithnowadays,especiallythosewhoworkonacomputer.Thefollowingtipsmaybehelpful.

Getregulareyetests

Expertsrecommendhavingacomprehensiveeyeexameveryyeartodetect(探测）problemsbeforetheydevelop.Duringthistest,youshouldtellthedoctorhowoftenyouuseyourphoneandyourcomputer.____16____Tellyourdoctoraboutit,andyoureyescanbetestedmoreaccuratelyatthatdistance.

Giveyoureyesspace

Thecloseryourphone/computerscreenistoyoureyes,thehardertheyhavetoworktofocus.____17____Ifthismakesithardforyoutoread,considerincreasingthesizeofthetextratherthanmovingthescreencloser.

Takebreaks

Thismaynotalwaysbepracticalifyou'requitebusy，butit'simportantnottostaredirectlyatascreenfortoolong.____18____Whilesurveyshaveshownthatmanyofficeworkerstakenomorethanhalfanhouradayawayfromtheircomputer,it'srecommendedthatyoutakea15-minutebreakaftereverytwohoursspentatyourscreen.

____19____

Staringatascreencontinuouslyforhoursonendmaymakeitdifficultforyoutofocus.Toavoidthis,manyeyeexpertsrecommendthe“20-20-20rule”lookingawayfromyourphone/computerscreenevery20minutesandfocusingonanobjectatleast20feetawayforatleast20seconds.Thesciencebehindhistrickisthatlookingatobjectsatadistancerelaxesthefocusingmuscleintheeye.____20____

A.Exerciseyoureyes.

B.Giveyoureyesachancetorest.

C.Makeyourscreenmoreeye-friendly.

D.Studiesshowit’saneffectivewaytoreducetiredness.

E.Youshouldalsomeasurethedistancefromyoureyestoyourscreenatwork.

F.Makesurethatyouuseyourphoneorcomputerinaroomwherethelightingisbrightenough.

G.Studiesoneyestrainsuggestthatcomputerscreensshouldbenocloserthan40cmfromyourface.

【答案】16.E17.G18.B19.A20.D

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了当今许多人面临的一个大问题——经常面对电子屏幕导致眼睛疲劳，文章提出了几种保护眼睛免受屏幕伤害的方法。

【16题详解】

根据后句“Tellyourdoctoraboutit,andyoureyescanbetestedmoreaccuratelyatthatdistance.(把这件事告诉你的医生，这样你的眼睛就能在这个距离上得到更准确的检测)”可知，建议将距离告诉医生，以寻求更准确的检测，可推知，这里是建议大家测距离。选择项E“Youshouldalsomeasurethedistancefromyoureyestoyourscreenatwork.(你还应该在工作时测量眼睛到屏幕的距离。)”符合上下文语境，且选择项E中的“distance”与下文一致。故选E。

【17题详解】

根据前句“Thecloseryourphone/computerscreenistoyoureyes,thehardertheyhavetoworktofocus.(手机/电脑屏幕离眼睛越近，眼睛就越难集中注意力。)”可知，这里说明屏幕与脸部之间应该保持的距离。选择项G“Studiesoneyestrainsuggestthatcomputerscreensshouldbenocloserthan40cmfromyourface.(关于眼疲劳的研究表明，电脑屏幕距离你的脸不应超过40厘米。)”符合上下文语境。故选G。

【18题详解】

根据前句“it'simportantnottostaredirectlyatascreenfortoolong(不要长时间盯着屏幕很重要)”建议人们不要长时间盯着屏幕，设空处承上启下。且下文“it'srecommendedthatyoutakea15-minutebreakaftereverytwohoursspentatyourscreen(建议你每看两个小时屏幕后休息15分钟)”建议人们适当休息。选择项B“Giveyoureyesachancetorest.(给你的眼睛一个休息的机会。)”符合上下文语境。故选B。

【19题详解】

根据下文“Toavoidthis,manyeyeexpertsrecommendthe“20-20-20rule”—lookingawayfromyourphone/computerscreenevery20minutesandfocusingonanobjectatleast20feetawayforatleast20seconds.(为了避免这种情况，许多眼科专家推荐“20-20-20规则”，也就是每20分钟让眼睛离开手机或电脑屏幕，盯着20英尺（约合0.9米）以外的物体看至少20秒)”可推知，本段主要建议大家锻炼眼睛来缓解疲劳。选择项A“Exerciseyoureyes.(锻炼你的眼睛。)”符合上下文语境。故选A项。

【20题详解】

根据前句“Thesciencebehindhistrickisthatlookingatobjectsatadistancerelaxesthefocusingmuscleintheeye.(这个把戏背后科学原理是，看远处的物体会放松眼睛的聚焦肌肉。)”解释了为什么“20-20-20规则”可以放松眼睛，缓解疲劳。选择项D“Studiesshowit’saneffectivewaytoreducetiredness.(研究表明这是减少疲劳的有效方法。)”符合上下文语境。故选D。

第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

EmployeesatarestaurantinOhioreceivedaChristmasgiftwhenacustomerlefta5,600-dollartipforalltheemployeestodivide.The___21___wasdiningwhenheleftthe___22___tipforall28employees.After___23___it,eachemployeetook$200home.

“Myeyesare___24___nowtalkingaboutit,”saidSalloukh,theowneroftherestaurant.“Myemployeesbecomemyfamilyandeveryone___25___eachother.Manyemployeesweren’tableto___26___aChristmastreebecauseofthepandemic(传染病).Thelargetipmadethat___27___,whichgaveusalotof___28___Itisjustabeautifulthingtodofor28___29___yondon’tevenknow.”

Salloukhbeganto____30____hisrestaurantwhenhewas25yearsold,andlikemanyotherbusinessowners,was____31____tokeepitaliveduetoCOVID-19.It’sreportedthat100,000restaurantshad____32____sofarinSeptember2023.About60%ofthesebusinessesthatcametoanendduringthepandemicwillneverreopen,andrestaurantshave____33____most.“Thensuddenlythisgentlemancameinand____34____usa5,600-dollartipforallouremployees.Weare____35____forwhathedid,”addedSalloukh.

21.A.ownerB.guestC.visitorD.tourist

22.A.massiveB.extraC.usualD.small

23.A.donatingB.countingC.givingD.dividing

24.A.hurtingB.wateringC.injuringD.rolling

25.A.smilesatB.hugsC.caresaboutD.contacts

26.A.affordB.plantC.decorateD.remove

27.A.necessaryB.possibleC.meaningfulD.practical

28.A.confidenceB.influenceC.chanceD.hope

29.A.foreignersB.customersC.strangersD.experts

30.A.runB.fixC.designD.establish

31.A.unwillingB.hopingC.refusingD.struggling

32.A.advancedB.survivedC.closedD.existed

33.A.changedB.increasedC.benefitedD.suffered

34.A.requestedB.offeredC.cheatedD.supplied

35.A.thankfulB.happyC.eagerD.thirsty

【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.B25.C26.A27.B28.D29.C30.A31.D32.C33.D34.B35.A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了俄亥俄州一家餐厅的员工收到了一份圣诞礼物，一名顾客留下了5600美元的小费，让所有员工平分，这些小费足以让这些员工在受疫情严重影响的情况下过个美好的圣诞节，饭店老板和员工对此表示感谢。

【21题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位客人在用餐时给28名员工留下了巨额小费。A.owner拥有者；B.guest客人；C.visitor拜访者；D.tourist游客。根据“whenacustomerlefta5600-dollartipforalltheemployeestodivide.”可知，一位顾客留下了巨额小费。此处是信息词guest的词汇复现。故选B。

【22题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.massive大量的；B.extra额外的；C.usual通常的；D.small小的。根据“Thelargetip”可知，这笔小费的数额是巨大的。故选A。

【23题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：分配后，每个员工把200美元拿回家。A.donating捐赠；B.counting重要，数数；C.giving给；D.dividing划分。根据第一段“foralltheemployeestodivide”可知，这笔小费是要在员工之间分配。故选D。

【24题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：说到这里，我的眼睛就会流泪。A.hurting受伤；B.watering充满眼泪；C.injured受伤；D.rolling滚动。根据“Myeyes”可知，Salloukh因为这笔小费而感动，所以眼睛充满泪水。故选B。

【25题详解】

考查动词短语和动词词义辨析。句意：我的员工就像我的家人，每个人都互相关心。A.smilesat对……微笑；B.hugs拥抱；C.caresabout关心，在意；D.contacts接触。根据“Myemployeesbecomemyfamily”可知，所有的员工就像家人一样，因此他们相互关心彼此。故选C。

【26题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于疫情，许多员工买不起圣诞树。A.afford付得起；B.plant种植；C.decorate装饰；D.remove移除。根据空后的“becauseofthepandemic(传染病)”可知，由于“新冠病毒”这种流行病，饭店生意不景气，很多员工都买不起圣诞树和礼物。故选A。

【27题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一大笔小费让这成为可能，这给了我们很大的希望。A.necessary有必要的；B.possible可能的；C.meaningful有意义的；D.practical实际的。根据上文“Manyemployeesweren’tableto___6___aChristmastreebecauseofthepandemic(传染病).”可知，这一大笔的小费让过一个美好的圣诞节成为可能。故选B。

【28题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.confidence自信；B.influence影响；C.chance机会；D.hope希望。根据语境可知，有了这笔小费，那些员工就能买礼物和圣诞树，这对他们来说就充满了希望。故选D。

【29题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：对28个你甚至不认识的陌生人来说，这简直是一件美妙的事。A.foreigners外国人；B.customers顾客；C.strangers陌生人；D.experts专家。根据“youdon'tevenknow”可知，这28个都是陌生人。故选C。

【30题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：萨鲁赫25岁时开始经营他的餐馆，和许多其他企业主一样，由于COVID-19，他努力维持它的生存。A.run跑，经营；B.fix修理，安装；C.design设计；D.establish建立。根据“andlikemanyotherbusinessowners,was___11___tokeepitaliveduetoCOVID-19”可知，萨鲁赫25岁时开始经营他的餐馆。故选A。

【31题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.unwilling不愿意的；B.hoping希望；C.refusing拒绝；D.struggling努力，奋斗。根据“keepitaliveduetoCOVID-19”可知，他努力维持它的生存。故选D。

【32题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：据报道，到目前为止，2023年9月已有10万家餐馆关门。A.advanced提前，进步；B.survived幸存；C.closed关闭；D.existed存在。根据下文中的“About60%ofthesebusinessesthatcametoanend”可知，受疫情影响，很多饭店关门了。故选C。

【33题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：在疫情期间倒闭的企业中，约60%将永远不会重新开业，其中餐饮业损失最大。A.changed改变；B.increased增加；C.benefited对……有益；D.suffered遭受。根据“About60%ofthesebusinessesthatcametoanendduringthepandemicwillneverreopen”可知，饭店受到的损失最大。故选D。

【34题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，这位先生走进来，提供给我们所有员工5600美元的小费。A.requested请求；B.offered提供；C.cheated欺骗；D.supplied供应。根据“whenacustomerlefta5600-dollartip”可知，那位顾客“给我们小费”，所以用offer。故选B。

【35题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我们感谢他所做的一切。”Salloukh补充说。A.thankful感谢的；B.happy开心的；C.eager渴望的；D.thirsty口渴的。根据“Thensuddenlythisgentlemancameinandusa5,600-dollartipforallouremployees.”可知，此处表达了对那位顾客的感谢。故选A。

第II卷(非选择题55分)

第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Asix-minuteperformancefeaturingChineseKungFuandChinesefolkdances____36____(amaze)thousandsofpeopleatNewYorkCity’sTimesSquareFridaynightbykickingoffoneofthe____37____(famous)NewYear’sEvecountdownsaroundtheglobe.

Co-organizedbytheSino-AmericanFriendshipAssociationandtheTimesSquareAlliance,theperformancebroughttraditionalChinese