牛津译林新教材 必修第三册 Unit1词汇讲解(全)

牛津译林必修三Unit1词汇全解1.harm伤害，损害n.doharmto=beharmfultoharmfuleffects害处短语搭配：cause~引起伤害Thereisnoharmin(sb’s)doingsth./Itdoesnoharm(forsb)todosth.做某事没什么坏处。Helooksfierce,buthemeansnoharm.他看上去很凶，但并无恶意。Thetreatmenttheygavehimdidhimmoreharmthangood.他们的治疗弊大于利。V.harm伤害，损害2.overseas在海外，在国外=abroadTheproductissoldbothathomeandoverseas.外国的，海外的~trade/visitors3.region地区，区域---regional区域的，地区的~variations地区差异4.length长度Theroomistwicethelengthofthekitchen.房间长度是厨房的两倍。Theriveris300milesinlength.这条河长300英里。thelengthoftime时间长短重点短语：atlength/at...(length)length长时间，详尽地Wehavediscussedthematteratgreatlength.gotoany/some/greatlengths(todo)竭尽全力，不遗余力biodiversity生物多样性diversity多样性diverse多样的diversify使...多样化variety不同种类a~of=varietiesof各种各样的Heresignedforavarietyofreasons.多样化Weallneedvarietyinourdiet.我们都需要饮食多样化。varyv.不同，有别Thestudents’workvariesconsiderablyinquality.学生作业的质量参差不齐。变化，变更varywithsth/varyfrom...to.../varybetween...and...Thepricesofthevegetablesvarywiththeseason.beneath在...下面beburiedbeneaththebridge不够好，配不上Heconsiderssuchjobsbeneathhim.massN.团，块amassofsnowandrocks大量，许多amassofevidence(多用单数)一群themassofpeople,amassoffigures大量的东西massesofwork,massesofpeople老百姓themassesAdj.大批的massunemployment大批失业weaponsofmassdestruction大规模杀伤性武器V.集结Darkcloudsmassesonthehorizon.天边乌云密布。9.towering高大的，高耸的（skyscrapers）;出色的（performances）V.tower高于，超过...Hetoweredover/abovehisclassmates.(能力，品质)胜过，超过livingAdj.活着的alllivingthingsallthelivingNobelwinners在使用的livinglanguagesmakealiving谋生surviveV.生存，存活viStrangecustomshavesurvivedfromearliertimes.Ican’tsurviveon$40aweek.幸存，幸免于难，艰难度过vtsurvivethecrisis/theattack/earthquake比...活得久=outlivesurvivesbby...N.survivalsurvivor幸存者11.inturn相应地，转而；依次oneafteranotherinaparticularorderTheboyscalledturnN.机会taketurns轮流taketurnstodosth=taketurns(in)doing=takeaturn(in)doingItisone’sturntodosth.轮到某人做Turn拐弯makealeftturn,弯道twistsandturns,变化，转变takeaturnfortheworse/better,byturns轮流，交替Thebookis,byturns,funnyandverysad.这本书时而有趣时而悲伤。V.转动，旋转；转身；翻转，翻动；转弯；变成；到达（年龄）；短语动词turnagainstsb与...反目成仇turn（sth）around翻身，翻转；好转有起色turnsbaway把某人拒之门外，不准进入turnback原路返回，往回走turn...down拒绝，顶回=reject/refuseturn（sb/sth）in交还，退还；上交，呈交turn（sb）off不再听，不再想；使反感turnon突然攻击；依靠turnout出席；结果是Everythingturnedoutwell.制造，生产；熄灭；腾空，清空；turnover翻身；深思熟虑；把...移交给turnto向...求助turnup被发现，被找到；露面；12.breakdown使分解，使变化；发生故障；（谈判）失败；垮掉（健康，情绪）break总结V.破，裂breakintopiecesbreaksthintwo弄坏；弄破；违犯；稍停；打断breakthesilence；终止，断绝；逃跑；（白天，黑夜）来临Thedaybreaks.breakaway逃脱；脱离breakin破门而入；打断，插嘴（ontheconversation）breakinto强行进入；突然开始breakoff断开，折断；（谈话）中断breakout突然爆发breakthrough突破，冲破；在...取得重大突破；breakup粉碎，破碎；（关系）破裂；（会议）散开；(withsb)同...的绝交breakwith突破，破除（传统，习惯）N.间歇；课间；暂停；中断13.breathethelifeinto给...带来起色，注入活力V.breathein吸入~out呼出~N.takeadeepbreath深呼吸a~ofair新鲜空气abreathofsth微量，一丝holdyourbreath屏住呼吸，焦急等待outof~喘不过气dueto由于，因为同义短语总结owingto，thanksto(多指好的方面)，becauseofdue到期的，预期的beduetodo/forsth=bescheduledtodo预计做某事impactN.影响；撞击have/makeanimpacton...=haveaneffect/influenceon...=makeadifferenceto对...有影响Hisspeechmadeaprofoundimpactoneveryone.V.impact(on/upon)sth有影响，有作用=affectHerfather’sdeathimpactedgreatlyonherchildhoodyears.extinction灭绝，绝种extinctadj.becomeextinctdamageV.损害，损坏damageone’shealth，damageone’scareer，damageseveralvehiclesN.minor/severe/extensivedamage短语do/causedamagetosth,payforthedamage,preventseriouspropertydamagebuildup（to）逐渐增加，扩大build动词短语buildstharound在...基础上创出buildon在...基础上发展，buildsthonsth把...作为基础buildsb/oneselfup增强体质comeupwith想出，想到；拿出一笔钱come短语comeeasilytosb轻而易举Howcome...?怎么会？Whenitcomesto当涉及某事短语动词comeabout发生comeacross被理解，被弄懂；偶然碰到，遇到comeafter追赶，追逐comealong到达；跟着来；进步，进展comeapart破碎，破裂comearound恢复知觉，苏醒；（to）短暂访问；comeback回来，再度流行；回想起comebetween损害comeby短暂拜访comedown崩塌，坍塌；下降，降低；流传下来（to）；归纳为comedownwith患病，染上comeforward主动提供comeout（太阳月亮星辰）出现；开花；出版；大白天下；（照片）冲洗清楚；cometosb（主意）被想到cometosth合计，总共；达到comeup破土而出；升起；被提及；即将发生callfor要求=askfor；需要=needTheycalledforhimtoresign.call短语总结callitaday到此为止，停止callsbnames谩骂callaspadeaspade直言不讳callat停靠，停留callback回电话callforth引起，使产生calloff取消callon/upon邀请，要求；请求Icalluponthechairmantoaddressthemeeting.callup征召，使回忆起application运用，应用；申请anapplicationform申请表makean~tosbforsth/todosth向...申请做...theapplicationofsthtosth在...方面的运用涂抹，敷运用，生效V.申请applyapplytosbforsth/todosths使用，运用applysthtosth涂抹，敷applysthtosth涉及，有关applytosb/sth勤奋工作applyoneselftosth/doingsthapplicant申请人appliance电器organization组织，团体；组织工作；安排，条理organ器官；风琴organize组织，筹备；安排，处理；规划，管理absolutely绝对地；极其absolutepower/trustbelt裤带，腰带fasten/tightenthebelt传送带地区，地带industrialbeltspringtomind突然想起sprang/sprungsprungspring用法springtoone’sfeet立刻站起来springinto/tolife突然工作springfromsth起源于springup突然兴起trackV.跟踪，追踪Vt./ViN.小道，小径amuddytrack人或动物留下的足迹，车辙轨道railwaytracks铁轨跑道arunningtrack移动的路径，路线短语ontrack做法对头，backontrack恢复正常keep/losetrackof了解...动态，与...失去联系区分：trailN.长串痕迹，踪迹atrailofbloodleaveatrailoflitter丢了一路垃圾打猎时的踪迹，痕迹小路，小径特定路线habitat生活环境，栖息地habitant居民habitation居住，住所（不可数）habitual习惯性的；典型的habitable可居住的resident居民reside居住在+adv./prep.residence住所，住房；居住，定居getridof摆脱，丢弃，扔掉=removerid使...摆脱ridAofBridourstreetsofcrimeRid/Havingbeenridofheadache,theoldmanfeltmuchbetter.=Havingriddinghimselfofheadache,theoldmanfeltmuchtest抗议，反对N.aprotestagainst......Themanresignedinprotestatthedecision.他辞职以示抗议这项决定。V.protest（against/at/about）sth反对protestherinnocence坚决表示，申辩profitN.利润，好处ahuge~巨额利润agood/handsome/healthy/tidy~可观的利润asmall/modest微薄的利润earn/makeaprofit赚取利润V.profitby/from从...中受益profitable营利的non-profit非营利的defense/defenceN.辩护；防御；防御物；国防；防守indefenceof为保卫...，为...辩护=insb’sdefenceadefenceagainst...的防御物~mechanisms防御机制V.defend~sbfrom/against...防御，保护；辩解Adj.defensive防御性的economic经济的，经济上的；economical经济实惠的strategy策略reading~Adj.strategic战略上的poisonN.毒药V.下毒；毒害Adj.poisonousconsequence结果，后果a