模拟交通灯实验报告

PAGEPAGE1单片机综合实验报告题目:模拟真实交通灯班级： 姓名： 学号： 指导老师： 时间：一、实验内容：用8255芯片的PA、PB口低四位做输出口，控制十二个发光二极管燃灭，模拟十字路口交通灯管理，并利用数码显示器进行倒计时显示（采用单片机内部定时器定时）。通过外部中断能使交通灯暂停运行，并点亮4个红灯。通过16*16点阵中的图形模拟控制行人过马路的人形“走”、“停”指示灯，可参考下图所示。选做增加项目：在交通灯开始之前可通过开关对红绿灯亮灭时间的初始值进行增、减设定或者交通灯暂停时加上乐曲报警。二、实验电路及功能说明电路：74LS138译码器电路8255与发光二极管连线图数码LED显示器电路（不需接线）16×16LED点阵显示电要求：交通灯亮灭过程同“8255控制交通灯实验”，倒计时显示只需两位数（0～99），用定时器定时进行倒计时，每秒钟减1。在16*16点阵中显示的人形“走”、“停”标志可自定义，由专门软件可转换为相应显示代码，不需自己推理。三、实验程序流程图：主程序：子程序：详细程序请参考程序清单。四、实验结果分析对程序进行仿真可以观察到：点阵中交替显示如图（a）、（b）所示图像，且交替显示时间为30秒。当显示图像为（a）时，表示可以容行人通过，限时30秒；当显示图像为（b）时，表示不容行人通过，也限时30秒。如此，在十字路口各置一对点阵即可模拟实景。五、心得体会通过此次实验，对单片机的I/O口的使用的条件有了更深的理解，对单片机的各个管脚功能的理解也加深了，以及在常用编程设计思路技巧的掌握方面也向前迈了一大步。这次的课程设计让我把单片机的理论知识应用在实践中，实现了理论和实践相结合，从中更懂得理论是实践的基础，实践有助于检验理论的正确性的道理，对我以后参加工作或者继续学习深造将产生巨大的帮助和影响。六、程序清单#include<reg51.h>#include<absacc.h>#defineucharunsignedchar#defineuintunsignedint#defineROW1XBYTE[0XFFE3]#defineROW2XBYTE[0XFFE0]#defineCOL1XBYTE[0XFFE2]#defineCOL2XBYTE[0XFFE1]#definePAXBYTE[0xffd8]#definePBXBYTE[0xffd9]#defineCTLXBYTE[0xffdb]#defineSEGXBYTE[0xffdc]#defineBITXBYTE[0xffdd]#defineallredend10#defineewredend2*ewstarter+allredend#definesnyellowendewredend+10#definesnredendsnyellowend+2*snstarter#defineewyellowendsnredend+10sbitKEY1=P1^0;sbitKEY2=P1^1;sbitKEY3=P1^2;sbitP32=P3^2;uchartongBu;ucharcodeewTable[]={0xb6,0x75,0xf3,0xf7,0xae,0x9e,0xbe};ucharcodensTable[]={0xd,0xd,0xc,0xd,0xb,0x7,0xf};//uchartempa,tempb;inttime=1,cnt,change,intflag,inttime=1,ewstarter=10,snstarter=15;inttempseg;ucharkey1=0;ucharbuffer[]={0,0,0,0,0,0};uchartable[]={0xC0,0xF9,0xA4,0xB0,0x99,0x92,0x82,0xF8,0x80,0x90,0xff};/*--行走--*//*--宽度x高度=16x16--*/ucharcodeled1[]={0x01,0x80,0x02,0x40,0x02,0x40,0x01,0x80,0x03,0xC0,0x06,0x60,0x0A,0x50,0x0A,0x50,0x0B,0xD0,0x12,0x48,0x02,0x40,0x02,0x60,0x04,0x20,0x04,0x20,0x08,0x20,0x18,0x60};/*--停止--*//*--宽度x高度=16x16--*/ucharcodeled2[]={0x01,0x80,0x02,0x40,0x02,0x40,0x01,0x80,0x07,0xE0,0x7E,0x7E,0x02,0x40,0x02,0x40,0x03,0xC0,0x01,0x80,0x01,0x80,0x01,0x80,0x01,0x80,0x01,0x80,0x01,0x80,0x03,0xC0};/*--文字:高--*//*--Fixedsys12;此字体下对应的点阵为：宽x高=16x16--ucharcodeled2[]={0x02,0x00,0x01,0x00,0xFF,0xFE,0x00,0x00,0x0F,0xE0,0x08,0x20,0x0F,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x7F,0xFC,0x40,0x04,0x4F,0xE4,0x48,0x24,0x48,0x24,0x4F,0xE4,0x40,0x14,0x40,0x08};*/voiddelayshort(){ charn; for(n=50;n>0;n--);}ucharchangeleft(ucharled){ uchartemp; temp=0; temp|=(led<<7)&0x80; temp|=(led<<5)&0x40; temp|=(led<<3)&0x20; temp|=(led<<1)&0x10; temp|=(led>>1)&0x08; temp|=(led>>3)&0x04; temp|=(led>>5)&0x02; temp|=(led>>7)&0x01; return(temp);}voidled16_16display(uchar*table,ucharlength){ uchari=length/2,scan1=0x1,scan2=0x1; for(i=0;i<16;i++) { if(i<8) { ROW1=0; ROW2=0; COL1=scan1; COL2=0; ROW1=changeleft(table[2*i]); ROW2=table[2*i+1]; COL1=scan1; COL2=0; delayshort(); scan1<<=1; } else { ROW1=0; ROW2=0; COL1=0; COL2=scan2; ROW1=changeleft(table[2*i]); ROW2=table[2*i+1]; COL1=0; COL2=scan2; delayshort(); scan2<<=1; } }}voidchangeseg(){ if(key1==0) { buffer[3]=10; buffer[0]=10; buffer[5]=tempseg%10; buffer[4]=tempseg/10; buffer[2]=tempseg%10; buffer[1]=tempseg/10; } elseif(key1==1) { buffer[3]=10; buffer[0]=10; buffer[5]=ewstarter%10; buffer[4]=ewstarter/10; buffer[2]=ewstarter%10; buffer[1]=ewstarter/10; } else { buffer[3]=10; buffer[0]=10; buffer[5]=snstarter%10; buffer[4]=snstarter/10; buffer[2]=snstarter%10; buffer[1]=snstarter/10; }}voidtimer1()interrupt3{ staticuchartemp=0x20,cnt1; TH1=(65536-1000)/256; TL1=(65536-1000)%256; changeseg(); SEG=0xff; SEG=table[buffer[cnt1]]; cnt1++; if(cnt1==6) cnt1=0; BIT=temp; temp>>=1; if(temp==0) temp=0x20;}voidint_0()interrupt0{ delayshort(); if(P32==0) { PA=0xB6; PB=0xd; PT0=1; PT1=1; intflag=1; while(inttime<=20) led16_16display(led2,32); inttime=1; intflag=0; PT0=0; PT1=0; PA=ewTable[tongBu]; PB=nsTable[tongBu]; }}voidtimer0()interrupt1{ TH0=(65536-50000)/256; TL0=(65536-50000)%256; cnt++; if(cnt==5) { cnt=0; if(intflag==1) { inttime++; tempseg=10-inttime/2; } else { time++; if(time<=allredend) { tongBu=0; PA=ewTable[tongBu]; PB=nsTable[tongBu]; tempseg=allredend/2-(time+1)/2; } elseif((time>allredend)&&(time<=ewredend)) { tongBu=1; PA=ewTable[tongBu]; PB=nsTable[tongBu]; tempseg=ewstarter+allredend/2-(time+1)/2; } elseif((time>ewredend)&&(time<=snyellowend)) { if(change==0) { tongBu=2; PA=ewTable[tongBu]; PB=nsTable[tongBu]; change=1; } else { tongBu=3; PA=ewTable[tongBu]; PB=nsTable[tongBu]; change=0; } tempseg=ewstarter+allredend/2+5-(time+1)/2; } elseif((time>snyellowend)&&(time<=snredend)) { tongBu=4; PA=ewTable[tongBu]; PB=nsTable[tongBu]; tempseg=ewstarter+allredend/2+5+snstarter-(time+1)/2; } elseif((time>snredend)&&(time<=ewyellowend)) { if(change==0) { tongBu=5; PA=ewTable[tongBu]; PB=nsTable[tongBu]; change=1; } else { tongBu=6; PA=ewTable[tongBu]; PB=nsTable[tongBu]; change=0; } tempseg=ewstarter+10+allredend/2+snstarter-(time+1)/2; } else { tongBu=1; time=allredend+1; PA=ewTable[tongBu]; PB=nsTable[tongBu]; tempseg=ewstarter+allredend/2-(time+1)/2; } } }}voidkey(){ ucharkeynum; keynum=~(P1|0XF8); switch(keynum) { case0x1: while(KEY1==0)led16_16display(led2,32); key1++; TR0=0; if(key1==3) { key1=0; TR0=1; } break; case0x2: while(KEY2==0)led16_16display(led2,32); if(key1==1) { ewstarter++; if(ewstarter==100) ewstarter=0; } if(key1==2) { snstarter++; if(snstarter==100) snstarter=0; } break; case0x4: while(KEY3==0)led16_16display(led2,32); if(key1==1) { ewstarter--; if(ewstarter==-1)