山西太原校区中考英语任务型阅读解题技巧与训练

山西太原校区中考英语任务型阅读解题技巧与训练任务型阅读畑作业完成情况）6教学目［标）.学生通过答题技巧的解析形成完整的解题思路，并提高做题正确率。心知识梳理）从试题难易程度上看，阅读的难易是适中的，容易分析理解，但在问题的设计上不会直接呈现出答案，所以需要同学们掌握一定的答题规律和解题技巧，这样是可以避免不必要的丢分。结合命题特点，给同学们总结了几条答题规律和技巧，希望能对有需要的同学们提供一定的帮助。任务型阅读会给同学们呈现一段阅读资料，然后设置几个问题，大家在做题的时候，应该先浏览一下问题，以便对所给任务有一个初步的了解，然后我们带着问题去阅读，有针对性地阅读，这样就可以提高我们的阅读效率。負倉特色讲解）考査点一、对文章大意的考査这个考点出题率特别高，主要考查同学们的语言整合能力。对于概括大意的问题，需要同学们对全文进行考虑，只有了解文章的大意和作者的观点，才能对文章做出准确的概括。这类题，还有一种常见的提问是给文章拟一个合适的标题。答题规律：1、这样的题目要求，偶尔可以从文章中找到答案，同学们可注意首尾段和每段的第一句话，但有时也需要同学们用自己的话来概括。2、拟标题可以是一个词，短语或者句子。但无论是什么一定要遵循两个原则：一个是概括性原则，要最大程度上覆盖全文，体现文章的中心大意；另一个是醒目性原则，即标题必须力求吸引读者的注意力。考点二、对于阅读细节的考查这类题型主要是考查同学们对已知信息的推理，通过文章细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓意。这在任务型阅读中属于难度较大的题，同学们要在理解阅读材料的基础上，捕捉相关信息，把握文章的内在逻辑关系，根据原材料推断出未知的观点、想法，并且不能主观臆造，凭空想象，更不能用自己的观点代替作者的观点。大家要在理解全文的基础上，吃透文章的字面意思，悟出作者的深层含义或言外之意。答题规律：需要同学们带着问题回到阅读材料中，采用跳读的方式来寻找细节所在的段落，然后锁定目标段落，寻找总结自己所要的答案。同学们在答题和书写方面还要注意以下几点：1•答题的时候，一定要记住：能简略回答的，尽量简略回答，避免长句子出现语法错误。2•书写要规范整洁。记得开头首字母要大写；标点符号要规范，单词拼写要正确；还有时态和人称的转变。3•适当调整。在回答时，我们要对照题目，根据需要对句子的人称、单复数、时态、语态、词性、主谓搭配等做出适当的调整。最后，提醒同学们在完成所有的答题任务后，一定要检查一下自己的答案：是否存在书写问题，首字母是否大写，人称单复数是否按照要求书写，时态、语态、词性、主谓搭配是否正确，要避免不必要的失分。总的来说，我们答好这类题型，不仅仅需要掌握答题规律，而且还需要在平时课内外加大阅读的训练量，培养自己的语言分析运用的能力，阅读理解能力的提高绝非一日之功。要加强积累，培养自己的思维，养成细心答题的好习惯。一、Learningtocommunicatewellisaskillyouwilluseallyourlife.Youneedthisskillinyourpersonallifetoexpressyourfeelingstofriendsandfamilymembers.Youneedtobeabletocommunicatewellinschool,too.Yourfuturejobsuccessmayalsodependonyourabilitytocommunicate・GoGreenGreenTechnologyHave-youeve-rconsid&re-dcamputerstobegreenteclinoIagy?Thinkaboutallthetreesneededtomake-paperforboofcandyaurwrittenactivilies.Th&abilitytotransfer专移）t'howrittentaskstoacomput&rmak&sitquiteanenvirairamentaIlyfriendlyinvention.KindsofCommunicationTherearetwomainkindsofcommunication.Thefirstkindisverbalcommunication（语言交流）.Itincludestheuseofwordstosendinformation.Speakingandwritingarebothformsofverbalcommunication.Nonverbalcommunication（非语言交流）includesanymeansofsendingamessagethatdoesnotusewords.Yourappearance,bodylanguageandthewayyoureactareallformsofnonverbalcommunication.BeinganActiveListenerCommunicationisatwo-wayprocess.Sometimesyouarethesenderandsometimesyouarethereceiver.Toreceivemessagesclearly,ithelpstobeanactivelistener.Activelisteningisacommunicationskillinwhichthelistenershowsaclearunderstandingofwhatapersonissaying.Youcandothisinseveralways.Repeatwhatyouthinkthespeakerissaying.Letthespeakerknowyouarelisteningbynoddingorshakingyourhead.Ifthemessageyoureceiveisnotclear,askquestions.Listenbeforeanswering.Donotinterrupt（打断）.Allowthespeakertofinishwhatheorshehastosay.Pleasetranslatetheunderlined(划线的)sentenceintoChinese.(不超过25个汉字)Whyarecomputersmentionedwhentalkingaboutverbalcommunication?Whichgoodnonverbalcommunicationbehaviorsaregiveninthepassage?(OneortwoexamplesareOK)1nthepassage,theunderlinedword"this"refersto(扌旨).Afterreadingthepassage,whatdoyouthinkofyourcommunicationskills?Whydoyouthinkso?二、LastspringIwaswalkinginapark.Infrontofmetherewasamumandher3-year-olddaughter.Thelittlegirlwasholdingontoastring,whichhadaballoonattheotherend.Allofasudden,asharpgust(一阵风)ofwindtooktheballoonfromthelittlegirl.Ithoughtshewouldscreamandcry.But,no!Asthelittlegirlturnedtowatchherballoonrisetothesky,shecheerfullyshoutedout,"Wow!"Ididn'trealizeitatthatmoment.Butthatlittlegirltaughtmesomething.Laterthatday,Ireceivedaphonecallfromapersonwithnewsofasuddenproblem.Ialmostrepliedwith"Ohno,whatshouldwedo?"Butrememberingthatlittlegirl,Ifoundmyselfsaying:"Wow,thatisinteresting!HowcanIhelpyou?"Onethingisforsure—lifeisalwaysgoingtoputusoffbalancewiththingswedon'texpect.Buthowweacttothemisourchoice.Wecanchoosetobediscouragedorinterested.Nomatterwhatthesituationis,a"Wow!"willalwaysbeat"Oh,no."Sonexttimeyoumeetoneoflife'sunexpectedgusts,rememberthatlittlegirlandmakeita"Wow!"experience.Italwaysworks.Wherewasthelittlegirl?Howdidthelittlegirlfeelwhenherballoonwasblownaway?Willyouhaveanactivemoodwhenunexpectedtroublecomesup?Whyorwhynot?妮当堂检测）195countriesreachedanagreement(协议)onDec.12,2015aftertwoweeks'talksinParis.Theytalkedaboutclimate(气候)change.Itisthefirsttimeinhistorythatmostoftheworld'scountries,richorpoor,promisedtotakeactiontodealwithclimateproblems.Belowisachartshowingwherethegreenhousegas(温室气体)comesfrom.TheParisAgreement(巴黎协定)setsupagoalofcuttingdowntheearthtemperaturetolessthan2国.Ifthewarminggetsabove2国，therewillbeseriousproblemsontheearthlikenaturaldisasters.Theagreementalsoaskscountriestovolunteertodothings.Fordevelopedcountries,theywilldoevenmore.Theyhaveaplantoofferover100billiondollarstohelppoorercountriestodevelopcleanenergylikewaterandwindpower.However,theParisAgreementwon'tsolveearthwarmingbyitself.Thefuturealsodependsonhowwelleachcountrywillcarryouttheirpromises.Whatpercentofgreenhousegasdobuildingsproduce?Wheredoesthemostofgreenhousegascomefrom?WhywasthemeetinginParisanimportantoneinhistory?WilltheParisAgreementsolvetheearthwarmingbyitself?Andwhy?Asastudent,whatshouldyoudotohelptomakegreenhousegasless?乜当堂总结〕或e家庭作业〕一、Doyouknowwhatfamilyinstructions（家训）are?Theyarecommonbeliefs（信仰）thatfamilymembersfollow.InancientChina,peoplepasseddowntheirfamilyinstructionsfromgeneration（一代）togeneration.SomeschoolsinZhejiangareencouragingstudentstolearnmoreabouttheirownfamilyinstructions.Itisapartofstudents'wintervacationhomeworktolearnabouttheirfamilyinstructions.MengYao,16,fromHangzhouXuejunHighSchool,lookedatherfamilyinstructions.Oneofthemis"don'ttakethewrongway",apieceofadvicethathasbeenpasseddownfor100years.Herfathertoldherhowhergrandfatherstucktohis"rightway"—tobecomeanengineer."Itinspired（激励）metogoafterwhatIlove",shesaid.ShenDuanjie,14,fromHangzhouGongyiMiddleSchool,hasalsobenefited（受益）fromhisfamilyinstruction—"democraticandequal（民主,平等）.Ithelpshimgetalongwithhisparents.Theschoolhasalsopublishedbooksfamilyinstructions—TheFamilyInstructionsofZhuXiandFamilyInstructionsofYanClan.Thebooksincludeshortconversationsandpicturesdrawnbystudents.GongZhenyue,14,drewpicturesforoneofthebook.Shewasimpressed（感动）byoneinstruction.Itsaysthatparentsshouldnotonlylovetheirchildren,butalsoeducatethem."Itmademeunderstandwhymyparentsarestrictwithme,"shesaid.Shemadeitherownfamilyinstruction.（1）Whatarefamilyinstructions?（2）DidallthestudentsinZhejianghavetolearnabouttheirfamilyinstructions?（3）Whatdothestudentsthinkofthefamilyinstructions?（4）Pleasemakeyourownfamilyinstructionandexplainyourreason.二、根据以下内容回答问题。LastmonthsomethievesstoleavaluableteapotfromamuseuminHongKong.TheytooktheteapottoAmerica,buttheAmericanpolicefoundit.ThemuseumsentMr.Chan,amemberofthemuseumstaff,tocollecttheteapot.OntheplanebacktoHongKong,henoticedtwomen.Theywerewatchinghimclosely."Perhapsthey'regoingtostealtheteapotagain.Imustthinkofaplan,"hethought.Mr.Chan'sdaughter,Amy,methimatHongKongafterwards.Mr.Chanwascarryingtwoboxes.Hegavehisdaughterthepinkboxandsaidtoherinalowvoice,"Takethisgiftboxhomewithgreatcare."Hewalkedawaywiththebrownone.Thetwomenfollowedhim.Amyopenedtheboxathome.Shewasexpectingapairofsportsshoes,butshejustfoundanoldteapot."Thisisnotaveryinterestinggift,"saidAmy,abitdisappointed."That'sallright.Let'smakesometeainit,"saidhermother.Thentheyfoundanoteintheteapot.Itsaid,"DearAmy,LoveDad."Thetwomenkidnapped(绑架)Mr.Chanonhiswaytothemuseum.Theyopenedhisboxandfoundapairofsportsshoesinside."Where'stheteapot?"thetwothievesshoutedatthetopoftheirvoicewithredfaces."Howdareyoucheatus?Wesawyougiveyourdaughteraboxattheairport.Comewithus!We'regoingtosearchyourhome,"oneofthemsaid.WhenthethievesenteredMr.Chan'sflat,itwasdarkandquiet.Allofasudden,thedoorclosedandthelightswenton.Thepolicewerewaitinginside.Amyandhermothercameoutofthebedroomwiththeteapot."Thatteapotisveryvaluable,"saidMr.Chan."Alongtimeagoitbelongedtoanemperor.Hedrankteafromit.""Weweregoingtodrinkteafromit,too,"saidAmy,laughing.WastheteapotfoundinAmerica?WhatdidMr.ChannoticeontheplanebacktoHongKong?Whatwasinthepinkbox?Howdidthetwothievesfeelwhentheydidn'tfindtheteapot?Wherewerethethievescaught?WhatdidMr.ChanprobablywritetoAmyinthenote?FillintheblankwithTWOsentences.签字日期：检查人员签字：签字日期：参考答案当堂练习你未来的职业成功也许会取决于你的交流能力。Becausecomputersaregreentechnologyofverbalcommunication.Holdthedooropenforthepersonbehindyou.activelisteningIthinkmycommunicationskillsaregood.BecauseIcanexpressmyselfwellandatthesametimeI'manactivelistener./Ithinkmycommunicationskillsarepoor.BecauseI'mtoonervoustoexpressmyselfinfrontofthepublic./...(结合自身实际合理作答即可)【解析】文章主要从交流的种类及如何做一个积极的倾听者两方面谈论了良好沟通的重要性。Yourfuturejobsuccessmayalsodependonyourabilitytocommunicate.你未来的职业成功也许会取决于你的交流能力。根据GoGreen中的信息Haveyoueverconsideredcomputerstobegreentechnology?可知答案为Becausecomputersaregreentechnologyofverbalcommunication.3.根据Global(全球的)Connections中的信息Westernculturesvaluedirecteyecontact(交流)andtrainkidsto"lookpeopleintheeye".和CommunityConnections中的信息Holdthedooropenforthepersonbehindyou.可知答案为Holdthedooropenforthepersonbehindyou./Lookpeopleintheeyewhilecommunicatinginwesterncultures.根据前句Activelisteningisacommunicationskillinwhichthelistenershowsaclearunderstandingofwhatapersonissaying.可知this指的是activelistening.Ithinkmycommunicationskillsaregood.BecauseIcanexpressmyselfwellandatthesametimeI'manactivelistener./Ithinkmycommunicationskillsarepoor.BecauseI'mtoonervoustoexpressmyselfinfrontofthepublic./...(结合自身实际合理作答即可)二、⑴Shewasinapark.Shefeltcheerful.Whentheunexpectedtroublescome,Iwillnothaveapositiveattitude,becauseIwillbenervous.【解析】短文中作者描写了他在公园里遇到的一个小女孩，当风把她的气球吹走的时候，她没有哭，反而高兴地喊起来。由此作者想要告诉我们，生活中总是会有一些意想不到的麻烦，但是用什么样的态度去对待它是我们的选择。根据第一段LastspringIwaswalkinginapark.Infrontofmetherewasamumandher3-year-olddaughter.可知，作者是在公园里散步的时候看到了一个小女孩，由此可知小女孩是在公园里。故填Shewasinapark.根据第三段Asthelittlegirlturnedtowatchherballoonrisetothesky,shecheerfullyshoutedout,"Wow!"可知，当这个女孩的气球被风吹走了的时候，作者以为她会哭，但是她没有，她很欢快地大喊。故填Shefeltcheerful.此题是开放性的。根据倒数第三段Onethingisforsure—lifeisalwaysgoingtoputusoffbalancewiththingswedon'texpect.Buthowweacttothemisourchoice.Wecanchoosetobediscouragedorinterested.可知，生活总是给我们意想不到的事情，如何反应是我们自己的选择，我们可以选择沮丧或者是感兴趣。因此这个答案可以从两个方面来回答。参考答案：当意想不到的麻烦来的时候，我不会有积极的心态，因为我会紧张。即：Whentheunexpectedtroublescome,Iwillnothaveapositiveattitude,becauseIwillbenervous.当堂检测10%./10percent./Tenpercent.Itcomesfromindustry.Becauseitwasthefirsttimeinhistorythatmostoftheworld'scountriespromisedtotakeactiontodealwithclimateproblems./Becauseitsetupagoalofcuttingdowntheearthtemperaturetolessthan20.No,itwon't.Thefuturealsodependsonhowwelleachcountrywillcarryouttheirpromises.Icanplantmoretrees.【解析】这篇短文给我们讲述的是在2015年12月12号，在巴黎举行的一次会议，这次会议上世界上大多数的国家承诺采取行动应对气候问题。细节理解题。根据Belowisachartshowingwherethegreenhousegas(温室气体)comesfrom.及给出的图示可知，由建筑物产生的温室气体占10%。故答10%./10percent./Tenpercent.细节理解题。根据给出的图示可知，我们可以看到最大的数字是39%，来源于工业，故答Itcomesfromindustry.细节理解题。根据文章第一段中Itisthefirsttimeinhistorythatmostoftheworld'scountries,richorpoor,promisedtotakeactiontodealwithclimateproblems.可以看到这次会议的重要性，它是第一次世界上的大多数国家一起承诺采取行动处理气候问题。另外短文中TheParisAgreement(巴黎协定)setsupagoalofcuttingdowntheearthtemperaturetolessthan20.这句话也显示出了这次会议的重要性，因为它设定了一个目标，降低地球小于2度的温度。故答Becauseitwasthefirsttimeinhistorythatmostoftheworld'scountriespromisedtotakeactiontodealwithclimateproblems./Becauseitsetupagoalofcuttingdowntheearthtemperaturetolessthan20.细节理解题。根据短文的最后一段However,theParisAgreementwon'tsolveearthwarmingbyitself.Thefuturealsodependsonhowwelleachcountrywillcarryouttheirpromises.可知，巴黎协定本身并不能解决地球变暖的问题，还需要看看每个国家践行承诺的情况。故答No,itwon't.Thefuturealsodependsonhowwelleachcountrywillcarryouttheirpromises.开放性试题。其实有很多日常生活中的小事是我们可以做的，例如多种树，少开车，骑自行车等，只要是能帮助减少温室气体排放的答案都是正确的。故参考答案为Icanplantmoretrees.作业Theyarecommonbeliefsthatfamilymembersfollow.No,theydidn't.Ithelpsthemgetabetterunderstandingwiththeirparents.Takemoreexerciseandkeepahealthydiet.Itcanmakeusstrongandhealthy.【解析】这篇文章是关于家训的，介绍了一些浙江的学生们的家训以及他们对家训的看法。原文Theyarecommonbeliefs(信仰)thatfamilymembersfollow.(他们是家庭成员遵循的共同信仰)说明了家训的定义。故填Theyarecommonbeliefsthatfamilymembersfollow.原文SomeschoolsinZhej