2018高考深圳一模英语试卷

深圳市2018届高三年级第一次调研考试英语本试题卷共8页。全卷满分120分，折算成135分计入总分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡的非答题区域均无效。非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ALostcitiesthathavebeenfoundTheWhiteCityIn2015,ateamofexplorerstoHondurasinsearcho“ftheLostCityoftheMonkeyGod”ledtothediscoveryoftheWhiteCity.TheyfoundtheruinsintheMosquitiaregionoftheCentralAmericancountry-whichisknownforpoisonoussnakes,viciousjaguarsanddeadlyinsects.ItisbelievedthatlocalpeoplehidherewhentheSpanishconquero（征服者）occupiedtheirhomelandinthe16thcentury.CanopusandHeracleionModernresearcherswereteasedbytheancientwritingabouttheEgyptiancitiesCanopusandHeracleion-whereQueenCleopatraoftenvisited.Butthecitiesweren 'tfounduntil1992,whesearchinAlexandriawatersfoundthatthetwocitieshadbeenfloodedforcenturies.Artifact（s史前器物）showedthatthecitiesoncehighlydevelopedasatradenetwork,whichhelpedresearchespiecetogethermoreaboutthelastqueenofEgypt.MachuPicchuAYaleprofessordiscovered“theLostCityintheClouds ”in1911.Acombinationofpalplazas,templesandhomes,MachuPicchudisplaystheIncaEmpireattheheightofitsrule.Thecity,whichwasabandonedinthe16thcenturyforunknownreasons,washiddenbythelocalpeoplefromtheSpanishconquerorsforcenturies,keepingitsowellpreserved.TroyTheancientcityofTroyinHomer'ThseIliadwasconsideredafictionsettingforhischaracterstorunwild.Butin1871,explorationsinnorthwesternTurkeyexposednineancientcitieslayered（层叠）ontopofeachother,theearliestdatingbacktoabout5,oooyearsbefore.ItwaslaterdeterminedthatthesixthorseventhlayercontainedthelostcityofTroyandthatitwasactuallydestroyedbyanearthquake,notawoodenhorse.WhydidpeoplehideintheWhiteCityinthe16thcentury?Tosurvivethewar.Tosearchforalostcity.Toprotecttheircountry.Toavoiddangerousanimals.Whichofthefollowingwasrelatedtoaroyalfamilymember?TheWhiteCityCanopusandHeracleionMachuPicchuTroyWhatcanwelearnaboutTroy?ItwasbuiltbyHomer.Itconsistedofninecities.Ithadahistoryof5,000years.Itwasruinedbyanaturaldisaster.BMymotivationforstartingourfamilytraditionofreadinginthecarwaspurelyselfish:IcouldnotbearlisteningtoASesameStreetChristmasforanother10hours.Mythreechildrenhadbeenaddictedtothiscassetteonourpreviousfamily'srotaridp.AsIbegantoprepareforournext500-milecartrip,Icameacrossabook—JimTreleaseThesReadAloudHandbook.Thiscouldbetheanswertomyproblem,Ithought.SoIputRoaldDahlJamesandtheGiantPeachintomybag.WhenIbegantoreadaloudthetaleoftheboywhoescapesthebadguysbyhidinginsideagiantpeach,mythreekidsarguedandwrestledintheirseats.Butafterseverallines,theywereattractedintotherhythmofthewordsandbegantolisten.Wesoonlearnedthatthesimplepleasureoflisteningtoawell-writtenbookmakesthelongmilespassmorequickly.Sometimesthebookswereadbecamehighlightsofthetrip.IreadWilsonRawls'SsummeroftheMonkeysaswespenttwodaysdrivingtothebeach.Wearrivedjustbehindthepowercrewsrestoring（恢复）electricityafteratropicalstorm.Theraincontinuedmostoftheweek,andthebeachwascoveredwithoilwashedupbythestorm.Whenwereturnedhome,Iaskedmysonwhathelikedaboutthetrip.Heansweredwithouthesitation, “Thebookyoureadinthe

Roadtripsstillofferchallenges,eventhoughmychildrennowareteenagers.Butwecontinuedtoreadaswerollacrossthecountry.AndI 'mbeginningtoseethatreadidgnsdamdrlaadthanhelppassthetime.Foratleastalittlewhile,wearenotshutinourownelectronicworlds.Andmaybewe'vestartedsomethingthatwillpassontothenextgeneration.Whydidtheauthorstartreadinginthecar?Shewantedtohaveabetterjourney.Shewantedtokeepafamilytradition.Herchildrenwereaddictedtoreading.Herchildrenweretiredofthecassette.Howdidthechildrenreactaftertheauthorreadafewlines?Theykeptfighting.TheyhidthemselvesTheysoonsettleddown.Theyreadtogetheraloud.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorandherfamily 'striptothebeach?Theywerecaughtinastorm.Theyenjoyedreadingontheroad.Theyhadagoodtimeonthebeach.Theythoughtithadpassedtooquickly.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?BetterTravellingthanreadingBooksthatChangedMyChildrenRoadTripsFullofChallegesReadingMakesGreatRoadTripsCThearmbonesofwomenwholived7,000yearsagoshowasurprisinglevelofstrength-evenhigherthantoday'sprofessionalathletes.Thathigherthantoday'sprofessionalathletes.Thatsaceer「（Sn^dygcgmrStringprehistoric（史前的）bonestothoseoflivingpeople.Thefindingsuggestsarevisionofhistory-theeverydaylivesofprehistoricwomenwerefilledwithhardlabor,ratherthanjustsittingathomedoinglightertaskswhilethemenstruggledandfoughtforlife.“Beforetestudy,therearenoclearrecordsdescribinghowourancientancestorslived.Itcanbeeasytoforgetthatboneisalivingtissue,onethatrespondstothedifficultiesweputoutbodiesthrough,”saidleadauthorAlisonMacintosh. ”Physiaacforcctivitybothputpressureonthebone.Thebonereactsbychanginginshape,thicknessandotheraspectsovertime.Previousstudiesonlycomparedfemalebonestocontemporarymalebones,theresearcherssaid-andthat'saproblem,becaluseesponseofmalebonestostressandchangeismuchbiggerthanthatofwomen.Forinstanee,ashumansmovedfromahunter-gathererlifestyleconstantlyonthemovetoamoresettledagrarian（农耕的）one,changescanbeobservedinthestructureoftheshinbone（胫骨）-andthesechangesweremuchmoreevidentinmen.However,acomparisonofthebonesofprehistoricwomentothebonesoflivingfemaleathletescanhelpusworkoutamoreaccuratepictureofwhatthoseprehistoricwomenweredoing.“Byanalyzingthebonesoflivingpeopleandcomparingthemtotheancientbones,wecanstarttoexplainthekindsoflaborourancestorswereperforming, ”Macintoshsaid.Whattheyfoundwomen'slegstrengthhasn'cthangedagreatdeal,buttheirarmsusedtobeverypowerful.Prehistoricwomen,theresearchersfound,hadarmstrength11〜16percentstrongerthanthoseofmodernrowers,and30percentstrongerthanthoseofnon-athletes.Whatdoesthestudytellaboutprehistoricwomen?Theywerestrongerthanmen.Theyhadlighterbonesthanmen.Theydidtoughtasksasthemen.Theyspentmosttimestayingathome.Whatproblemdidpreviousstudiesonprehistoricboneshave?Theylackedenoughcomparing.Theyonlystudiedmen'sbones.Theyfocusedlittleonbones.Theyignoredthelifestyles.Whatdoestheunderlinedword “that”inParagraph3referto?Bones'structure.Bones'thickness.Bones'responsetostress.Bones'stressfromhardlabor.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?It'sstillhardtoexplainourancestor'slifestyle.Prehistoricwomenwentthroughmuchsuffering.Women'sarmshavebecomemuchstrongerovertime.Prehistoricwomenarestrongerthancontemporaryfemales.DAfewyearsago,DarlaHoffpaintedapumpkinfaceontoaroundstrawbale（捆）atAlandKarenGoldman'sfarminIdahoFallstoadvertiseherU-pickpumpkinfield.WhileDarlahasstoppedgrowingpumpkins,theannualtraditionofstrawbaleartlivesonatthefarmandhasdrawnfriendsandneighborstoparticipateinit.Pastcreationshaveincludedanowl,Minions,tractorsandateddybear.Tomakethetractors,Albaledroundstrawbalesintwodifferentsizes-smalleronesforthetractor'sfronttiresandlargeronesforth（尾部）.Largesquarebalesmadeupthebodies.JerryKienlenusedhisfarmingequipmenttoarrangethebalesintheshapeoftwotractors.Thenitwastimetobringthetractorstolife.Karenandherdaughter,LanaHedrick,securedsomegreenpaint.andAlgotsomeredpaint.Darlashusband,JameshepreaeonandAlgotsomeredpaint.Darlashusband,Jameshepreaeonwithapaintgun.Forthefinishingtouches,Stevendonatedtwoshinyexhauststacks（排气管）,AlandKarendonatedtwosteeringwheelsfromtheirfarmparts.Thefarm'sannualstrawbaleartprojectshavenowbecomeawayforeveryonetocelebratetheendofanothergrowingseason.It'justsomethingfuntodotogetherafterharvest.Thisneighborhoodhasalwaysbeenclose.Generationsofthesefamilieshavegrowncropsinthissoil.Raisedonthefarmwheretheylivenow,theygrewuptogetherastheireldersdidbefore.AlandKarenaretrulysuperneighbors.Everyyeartheyalsogrowabouttwoacresofcorntogiveaway.Anyonecanpicksome,orAlandKarenwillevendeliver.AndduringlongIdahowinters,everyonegathersatthefarmtoenjoyfreshcoffeeandcookies.Thisyear'sstrawbalethemeisStrawWars.aAndyeswillbeonAlandKarenasshaimcreationtakesshape.WhydidDarlapaintapumpkinfaceontoastrawbale?Torecyclestrawbales.Topleasehisneighbors.TocreateanewtraditionTomakeanadvertisement.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase “thecreation ”inParagraph2referto?Thestrawbaletires.Thesquarestrawbales.Thestrawbaletractors.Thefarmingequipment.Whatdolocalpeoplethinkofthestrawbaleshow?Itneedssomethingfun.It'sagcwdytocelebrateharvestItmakesAlandKarenfamousinthetown.Itstandsforthebeginningofanewseason.WhatkindofneighborsareAlandKarenaccordingtoParagraph3?Generous B.CreativeC.Funny D.Determined第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项钟有两项为多余选项。HowtoImproveYourConfideneeConfideneeissomethingthateveryoneadmires.Atsomepointinyourlifeyoumayquestionyourlevelofconfideneeandwishittobehigher.36Ifyoubelievethetheorythatweattractintoourliveswhoweare,thencreatingandkeepinghighlevelsofconfidenceisvitaltoyourwell-being.Watchyourintake. 37SoreducetheamountofhoursofsoapsandrealityTVeachday.Readabookormagazineaboutatopicyouareinterestedin.Listentoadifferentradiostationyouhavenotlistenedtobefore.Inthisway,youchallengethebeliefsyouholdandraiseyourawarenessofnewthings.38Spendanallocatedperiodoftimebeingquietandjustreflectingonourlife.Removeyourselfawayfromothersandfocusonthepowerofsilenceandimproveyourlevelsofconcentration.Believeinyourself.Oneofthekeystepsinraisingyourlevelofconfidenceistobelieveitforyourself.Youneedtobelieve,acceptandbeinnodoubtthatyouareaconfidentperson.39Meanwhile,valuethetimethatyouspenddoingthisprocess.Takealookaroundforpeopleyouadmire.Itcanbehelpfultohavesomeoneinyourcirclethatyouadmirefortheirskillsorachievements.Observethedaytheyfacenewchallengesandcommunicatewithpeople.Youalsoshouldattendacluboragroupassociatedwithatopicyouinterestedin.40Spendsometimebeingquiet.Inthisway,yourattitudeischanged.