第四讲 主谓一致-初高中英语衔接课学案

第第页第四讲主谓一致-初高中英语衔接课学案第四讲主谓一致

考纲要求：

了解主谓一致的定义

学会正确使用动词的单复数，掌握主谓一致的原则

知识点梳理

Partone

WhatisSubject-VerbConcord

定义：主谓一致指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系，即主语后边的动词要和做主语的词或词组在人称和单复数上一致。

Parttwo

Accordingtothesentencesbelow,sumuphowtouseSubject-VerbConcord

1.就近一致：谓语动词的单复数与最近的主语保持一致。

①Youorheisright

②Eitheryouorheisright.

③NotonlyhebutalsoIamright.

④Neitherthestudentsnortheteacherknowsanythingaboutit.

⑤Notyoubutheiswrong.

2.在therebe句型中，谓语动词与最近的名词或代词保持一致。

①Thereisabookandsomepensonthedesk.

②Therearesomepensandabookonthedesk.

3.就前原则：当并列主语由with,alongwith,togetherwith,aswellas,including,but,besides,inadditionto等短语连接时,谓语动词和前面的主语保持一致

①I,alongwithmysisteramgoingtoShanghainextmonth.

②He,aswellasIisabsentfromthemeeting.

4.当集体名词作主语时，指代“各个成员”时，谓语动词用复数；指代“集体概念”时，谓语动词则用单数。

①Herfamilyissmall,butthefamilyareadvancedworkers.

②Classisoverandtheclassarealloutforplay.

类似的集体名词有crowd,team,group等。

5.当“分数、百分数、alot/most/plenty等意思为“许多”等词+of”结构作主语时,谓语动词形式根据of后面的名词而定。

①80%ofthewaterhereisclean.

②Twothirdsoftheapplesarefittoeat.

③Alotofstudentshavegonetocollege.

注意!amount和quantity修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于这个词本身。

①Largequantitiesofwaterareneededhere.

②Alargequantityofwaterisneededhere.

6.当“the+形容词”表示一类人作主语时，谓语动词用复数。

Thericharenotalwaysselfish.

Thewonded(wound)arebeingtreatedwell.（key:thewounded）

7.the+n+and+n+动词指代同一概念，谓语动词要用单数形式

the+n+and+the+n动词要用复数

①ThenovelistandpoetisgoingtoEuropenextyear.（几个人去欧洲呢？）

②ThenovelistandthepoetaregoingtoEuropenextyear.（几个人去欧洲呢？）

8.当时间、距离、金钱等名词复数作为整体看待时，谓语动词常用单数。

①Twentyyearsisonlyashorttimeinhumanhistory.

②Thirtydollarsistoohighapriceforthebook.

③Fifteenmilesseemslikealongwaytome.

9.由不定式、现在分词等充当主语时，谓语动词常用单数。

①Todieforthepeopleisaworthydeath.

②Lookingafterthechildrenisherfull-timejob.

10.当不定代词（something,somebody,anything,no,every等）作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。

①Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart.天下无难事，只怕有心人。

②Somebodyislookingforyou.

③Anyoneisforbiddentosmokehere.

11.当名词前有each、manya、every、morethanone等词修饰时，谓语动词用单数。

①Eachmanandeachwomanisinvitedtotheparty.

②Manyastudentandteacheriswatchingthefootballmatch.

③Everyhourandeveryminuteisimportant.

12.当成双成对出现的复数名词shoes,trousers,glasses等作主语时，通常谓语动词用复数，但如果前面有a/thepairof；a/thesuitof等词语时，则谓语动词要用单数

①Apairofscissorsisusefultoolforadressmaker.

②Thescissorsaren’tsharp.

课后巩固练习Practice

1.Thefactoryused65percentoftherawmaterials,therestofwhich________(be)savedforotherpurposes.

2.Maryaswellasthosewho______(be)fondoftravelling____(be)goingtoDaliannextSaturday.

II.Correctthefollowingmistakes

1.NotonlymyclassmatebutalsoIareattractedbytheideaofseeingthecomedyLostinThailand.

2.Threefourthofthesurfaceoftheeartharecoveredwithwater.

答案与解析：

I.1.are

解析：therestof修饰名词作主语，谓语动词与of后面的名词保持一致，which指代的是materials，为复数