2017年高二英语人教版选修8教案：Unit4PygmalionPeriod3 Word版含解析

Unit4PygmalionPeriod3Grammar—RevisethePastParticipleastheAdverbial整体设计教学内容分析Thisteachingperiodmainlydealswiththegrammaritem：theuseofthepastparticipleastheadverbial.Thepastparticiplewhichactsastheadverbialinthesentencefunctionsasanadverbialclausewhichshowstime，reason，condition，andsoonanditcanbereplacedbyanadverbialclause.Ifthereisaconjunctionbeforethepastparticiple，itcanbeconsideredasomissioninadverbialclauses.三维目标设计Knowledgeandskills1．Toletthestudentslearntheuseofthepastparticipleastheadverbial.2．Toenablethestudentstousethepastparticipleastheadverbialcorrectlyandproperly.Processandmethods1．Toaskthestudentstoreadthereadingpassageagain，pickoutthesentenceswiththepastparticipleastheadverbialinthemandwritesomeontheblackboard.2．Toaskthestudentstodiscoverhowthepastparticipleisusedinvariousways.3．ToaskthestudentstodotheexercisesinRevisingusefulstructuresonPage33forstudentstomastertheuseofthepastparticipleastheadverbial.4．Toaskthestudentstosummarizetheuseofthepastparticipleastheadverbial.5．ToaskthestudentstodotheexercisesinUsingStructuresonPage72andsomeotheradditionalexercisesforconsolidation.Emotion，attitudeandvalue1．Togetthestudentstobecomeinterestedingrammarlearning.2．Todevelopthestudents'abilityofcomparingandsummarizing.教学重点、难点1．Togetthestudentstomasterthestructureandusagesofthepastparticipleastheadverbial.2．Toenablethestudentstolearnhowtousethepastparticipleastheadverbial.教学过程Step1Revision1．Checkthehomeworkexercises.2．Dictatesomenewwordsandexpressions.3．TranslatethesentencesintoEnglish：（1）认识你我非常高兴。（makeone'sacquaintance）________________________________________________________________________（2）一般来说，生活是不容易的。（generallyspeaking）________________________________________________________________________（3）他从钱的角度来看每一件事。（intermsof）________________________________________________________________________（4）他觉得他比别人优越。（besuperiorto）________________________________________________________________________Suggestedanswers：（1）Iampleasedtomakeyouracquaintance.（2）Generallyspeaking，lifeisnoteasy.（3）Hethoughtofeverythingintermsofmoney.（4）Hethinksheissuperiortoothers.Step2WarmingupAskthestudentstorereadthepassageandfindoutthesentenceswiththepastparticipleastheadverbialinthem.Forexample：（1）Nowonce_taught_byme，she'dbecomeanupperclasslady...（P29，L45）（2）But，sir，（proudly）onceeducatedtospeakproperly，thatgirlcouldpassherselfoffinthreemonthsasaduchessatanambassador'sgardenparty.（P30，L50）Askthestudentstothinkabouttheuseofthepastparticipleastheadverbialfromtheabovetwosentences.Step3GrammarlearningAskthestudentstostudythefollowingsentencesandtrytosummarizetheusagesofthepastparticipleastheadverbial.1．Thepastparticipleactsastheadverbialinthesentence，anditgenerallyfunctionsasanadverbialclause.（1）Seen_from_the_hill，thetownlooksbeautiful.（＝Ifitisseenfromthehill...）（2）Given_another_chance，hecandoitbetter.（＝Ifheisgivenanotherchance...）（3）Tired_from_the_day's_hard_work，hefellasleepsoon.（＝Becausehewastiredfromtheday'shardwork...）2．Theomissioninadverbialclauses.（1）Shewon'tgototheparty，unless（she_is）invited.（2）When（it_is）heated，watercanbechangedintosteam.（3）Generallyspeaking，when（it_is）taken_according_to_the_directions，thedrughasnosideeffect.Step4SummingupTrytohelpthestudentsdrawthefollowingconclusions.1．Whenthepastparticipleactsastheadverbialinthesentence，itgenerallyfunctionsasanadverbialclausesuchastheclausewhichshowstime，reason，condition，andsoonanditcanbereplacedbyanadverbialclause.2．Whenthesubjectoftheclauseisthesubjectofthemainsentenceandthereissomeformofthelinkverb“be”，thesubjectand“be”initcanbeomitted.Step5Grammarpractice1．Askstudentstodothefollowingexercises：（1）Rewritethesentencesusingthepastparticipleastheadverbial.①Becausethefilmiswelldirected，itiswellworthseeing.________________________________________________________________________②WhenthehotlinewasputintouseinApril2000，itwasmeantforresidentsreportingwaterandheatingsupplybreakdowns.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________③Whenthemuseumiscompleted，itwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.________________________________________________________________________④Whentheseproductsarefirstintroducedtothemarket，theyenjoyedgreatsuccess.________________________________________________________________________（2）Correctthemistakesinthefollowingsentences.①Iftobegivenmoremoney，Iwillsolvetheproblemsoon.②Laughedatbyeveryone，buthehadmysympathy.③Nomatterhowwelltranslated，wedon'tlikeit.Suggestedanswers：（1）①Welldirected，thefilmiswellworthseeing.②PutintouseinApril2000，thehotlinewasmeantforresidentsreportingwaterandheatingsupplybreakdowns.③Whencompleted，themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.④Whenfirstintroducedtothemarket，theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.（2）①Ifgivenmoremoney，Iwillsolvetheproblemsoon.②Laughedatbyeveryone，hehadmysympathy.③Nomatterhowwellitistranslated，wedon'tlikeit.2．DotheexercisesinExercises2and3inRevisingusefulstructuresonPage33.3．DotheexercisesinUsingStructuresonPage72.Firstaskstudentstodotheexercisesindividually，andthenletthemdiscussandchecktheiranswerswiththeirpartners，andfinallygivethemthecorrectanswersanddealwithanyproblemstheymightmeet.Step6Learningmoreaboutthegrammar1．过去分词作状语时的功能及位置（1）过去分词作状语，修饰谓语动词，进一步说明谓语动词的动作和状态，即动作发生时的背景或状况，其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且主语是过去分词动作的承受者，过去分词与主语之间是动宾关系，即被动关系。如：Althoughbuiltthirtyyearsago，thehouselooksverybeautiful.这座房子尽管是30年前建造的，但它看起来依然很漂亮。（2）过去分词短语作条件、原因及时间状语时，通常放在句首；作伴随、结果状语时，通常放在句末；作方式状语时，一般放在句末，有时也放在句首；作让步状语时，一般放在句首，有时也放在句末。如：Givenmoretime，hecandoitbetter.如果给他更多的时间，他就能做得更好。Defeatedagain，hedidn'tloseheart.尽管再次被击败，但他没有灰心。2．过去分词作状语时与状语从句的转换（1）过去分词短语作时间状语，可转换为when，while或after等引导的状语从句。如：Seenfromthetopofthehill，theparklooksmorebeautiful.→Whenitisseenfromthetopofthehill，theparklooksmorebeautiful.从山上往下看，这座公园看起来更加漂亮。（2）过去分词短语作条件状语，可转换为if，once或unless等引导的状语从句。如：Unitedwewillstand；dividedwewillfall.→Ifweareunitedwewillstand；ifwearedividedwewillfall.团结就是胜利；分裂必然失败。（3）过去分词短语作原因状语，可转换为as，since或because等引导的状语从句。如：Encouragedbytheprogresshehasmade，heworksharder.→Asheisencouragedbytheprogresshehasmade，heworksharder.由于受到所取得成绩的鼓舞，他工作更努力了。（4）过去分词短语作让步状语，可转换为although，though或evenif等引导的状语从句。如：Althoughexhaustedbytheclimb，wecontinuedourjourney.→Althoughwewereexhaustedbytheclimb，wecontinuedourjourney.我们虽然爬得很累，但我们仍然继续我们的旅程。（5）过去分词短语作方式状语，如有连词asif，就转换为asif引导的方式状语从句；若无连词，则转换为并列结构。如：Hebegantocryasifbittenbyasnake.→Hebegantocryasifhewerebittenbyasnake.他大叫起来，好像被蛇咬了一样。（6）过去分词短语作伴随状语，一般转换为并列结构。如：AuntWucamein，followedbyherdaughter.→AuntWucamein，and（she）wasfollowedbyherdaughter.吴大娘走进来，（她）后面跟着她的女儿。3．过去分词作状语，有时前面带有连词，是状语从句的省略形式，其中省去了从句的主语和be动词，通常主语与主句的主语相同。如：Whenever（hewas）askedaboutit，hecouldhardlyholdbackhisfeelings.每当有人问及此事，他就难以控制自己的感情。Step7SummingupTrytohelpthestudentsdrawthefollowingconclusions.1．Thepastparticiplewhichactsastheadverbialinthesentencefunctionsasanadverbialclausewhichshowstime，reason，condition，andsoonanditcanbereplacedbyanadverbialclause.2．Ifthereisaconjunctionbeforethepastparticiple，itcanbeconsideredasomissioninadverbialclauses.Whenthesubjectoftheclauseisthesubjectofthemainclauseandthereissomeformof“be”，thesubjectand“be”initcanbeomitted.Step8Havingacompetition1．Getstudentstoformgroupsof6.2．Letstudentsdescribeoneofthemostinterestingplacestheyknowof.Spendsometimepreparingashortspeech，andmakesuretousepastparticiplesastheadverbial.Thengivetheshortspeechtothepartnersandseeifthereissomethingwrongwithit.Atlast，presentittothewholeclass.Alltheclasswilldecidewhichgroupisthewinner.EXAMPLE：Irememberatemple...Setamongmanylovelytrees，thetemple...Placedinsidetherooms，statues...Step9ClosingdownbyaquizShowstudentsthefollowingonthescreenorgiveouttestpaperstothem.1．Choosethebestanswer（1）Andthere，almost______inthebigchair，satherlittlebrother，whoneverhadtobetoldtokeepquiet.A．havinglostB．losingC．tobelostD．lost（2）______andoutofbreath，wereachedthetopofthemountainandstopped______thebeautifulscenery.A．Tiring；toadmireB．Beingtired；admiringC．Tired；toadmireD．Tired；admiring（3）______bythefilm，hedidn'tgotosleepuntillateintothenight.A．DeeplymovedB．DeeplymovingC．MovingdeeplyD．Tobemoved（4）______fromspace，ourearth，______water______70%ofitssurface，appearsasa“blueglobe”．A．Havingseen；the；coveredB．Seeing；with；coveringC．Seen；with；coveringD．Tosee；the；covered（5）______ofplastics，themachinesarelightinweight.A．MadeB．MakingC．TobemadeD．Tomake（6）Onalongrailwayjourney，withfourEnglishmeninthecarriage，oftentherewon'tbeaword______duringthewholejourney.A．speakingB．spokenC．tobespokenD．tospeak（7）______whatwouldhappen，noneofthemcouldfindawayout.A．LeftwonderingB．HavingleftwonderingC．LeavingtowonderD．Havinglefttowonder（8）______manytimes，hefinallyunderstoodit.A．ToldB．TellingC．HavingtoldD．Havingbeentold（9）______byhisgrandparentsinthecountryside，heisn'taccustomedto______inthecity.A．Havingbroughtup；liveB．Grownup；livingC．Grownup；liveD．Broughtup；living（10）______fromMilanTrenc'snovel，thefilmNightattheMuseumbringstolifeaworldwheredinosaurswandertheearth.A．AdaptedB．AdaptingC．HavingadaptedD．TobeadaptedSuggestedanswers：（1）­（5）DCACA（6）­（10）BADDA2．Rewritethesentences（1）A.Onceitisbegun，theprojectwillneverbechanged.B．____________，theprojectwillneverbechanged.（2）A.Ashewasknowntoall，hewasrecognizedveryeasily.B．__________________，hewasrecognizedveryeasily.（3）A.Ifitisseeninthisway，thematterisnotasseriousaspeoplegenerallysuppose.B．________________________，thematterisnotasseriousaspeoplegenerallysuppose.Suggestedanswers：（1）Oncebegun（2）Knowntoall（3）SeeninthiswayStep10Homework1．FinishofftheWorkbookexercises.2．PreviewthepassageonPage34.Step11Reflectionafterteaching________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________教学参考过去分词作状语1．过去分词作状语表示被动的和完成的动作。如：Written_in_a_hurry，thisarticlewasnotsogood!因为写得匆忙，这篇文章不是很好。（written为过去分词作状语，表示这篇文章是“被写”的，而且“已经”被写。）【注意】有些过去分词因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表被动而表主动。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有：lost（迷路）；seated（坐）；hidden（躲）；stationed（驻扎）；lost/absorbedin（沉溺于）；born（出身于）；dressedin（穿着）；tiredof（厌烦），等。如：Lost/Absorbed_in_deep_thought，hedidn'thearthesound.因为沉溺于思考之中，所以他没听到那个声音。Borninthisbeautifultown，hehatestoleaveit.出生于这个美丽的小镇，他不愿离开它。2．过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语，此时应注意人称一致。如：Given_another_hour，Icanalsoworkoutthisproblem.再给我一个小时，我也能解这道题。（given为过去分词作状语，它的逻辑主语为主句主语I，即I被再给一个小时。）Seen_from_the_top_of_the_hill，thecitylooksmorebeautifultous.从山顶看城市，城市显得更漂亮。（seen为过去分词作状语，表示“被看”，由语境可知，它的逻辑主语必须是“城市”，而不是“我们”，因为“我们”应主动看城市。）【注意】过去分词作状语时，如果前面再加逻辑主语，主句的主语就不再是分词的逻辑主语，这种带逻辑主语的过去分词结构实际上属于独立主格结构。如：The_signal_given，thebusstarted.信号一发出，汽车就开动了。（thesignal是given的逻辑主语，因此主句主语thebus就不是given的逻辑主语。）Her_head_held_high，shewentby.她把头昂得高高地从这儿走了过去。（herhead是heldhigh的逻辑主语，因此主句主语she就不再是heldhigh的逻辑主语。）3．过去分词作状语来源于状语从句。如：Caught_in_a_heavy_rain，hewasallwet.因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。（caughtinaheavyrain为过去分词短语作原因状语，它来源于原因状语从句Becausehewascaughtinaheavyrain.）Grown_in_rich_soil，theseseedscangrowfast.如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。（growninrichsoil为过去分词作条件状语，它来源于条件状语从句Iftheseseedsaregrowninrichsoil）【注意】状语从句改成过去分词作状语时有时还可保留连词，构成“连词＋过去分词”结构作状语。如：When_given_a_medical_examination，youshouldkeepcalm.当你做体格检查时要保持镇定。4．过去分词作状语的位置。过去分词可放在主句前作句首状语，后面有逗号与主句隔开，也可放在主句后面，前面有逗号与主句隔开。如：Hestoodtheres