急救护理学B卷

FinalExaminationOf《EmergencyNursing》Grade2003NursingdepartmentNanchangUniversityMedicalCollege(B)南昌大学医学院护理学系2003级《急救护理学》试卷（B卷）PartⅠ:TermDefinition(5pointseach,15pointstotally)1.CentralVenousPressure（CVP）2.hyperthermiccrisis3.painPartⅡ:TrueorFalse(2pointseach,10pointstotally)1.Placesupinepositionwithlegliftedby30°forashockpatient.()2.Usually,thedifferencebetweentheskintemperatureandthecoretemperatureislessthan2℃.()3.Thewaytotreatthepneumothorax(气胸)istoinsertthelarge-diameterneedleforremovingtheairatthemidclavicular(锁骨中)linethesecondintercostale.()4.Toomuchexertional(运动性)activityinthehotweatheristhekeytoheatcramps.()5.PatientwithCOpoisoningshouldnotremovefrompoorlyventilatedarea.()PartⅢ:SingleChoice(2pointseach,20pointstotally)1.Whichsignreflexesthebloodperfusionofcentralnervoussystem?()A.peripheralcirculationB.pulseC.consciousnessD.urinaryvolume2.IngeneralhospitalwhichpercentageofICUbedsthattakesthewholehospitalbedsisbetter?()A.0.5～1％ B.1～2％ C.2～3％ D.3～5％3.Whichrulemustbemasterwhenusingvasodilator(血管扩张药)totheshockpatients.()A.takebloodpressureB.measureurineoutputvolumeC.controltransfusion D.supplyenoughbloodvolume4.Whenacraniocerebraltraumapatientcometothehospitalweshouldfirstobserve()A.vitalsigns B.consciousness C.motion D.thedifferencebetweentheskintemperatureandcoretemperature5.Whichhypotensor(降压剂)isbestforhypertensiveemergenciespatients()A.glonoine(硝酸甘油) B.captopril(卡托普利) C.sodiumnitroprusside(硝普钠) D.reserpine（利血平）6.Whichisnotcommoncauseofcoma?()A.meningitis（脑膜炎）B.cerebrovasculardiseaseC.traumaD.acuteinfectiondisease7.Whichoneiswrongforelectricinjuryinfollowinganswer?()A.shutoffthecurrentB.checkthepatient’sairwayoncethevictimcanbesafelytouched.C.cannotapplyice,butter,ointments,medications,fluffycottondressings,oradhesivebandagestoaburn.D.getwithin20feetofsomeonewhoisbeingelectrocutedbyhigh-voltageelectricalcurrentuntilthepoweristurnedoff.8.Lilysuddenlyfallintotheriver.Atthattime,asanobserver,dowhichfirst.()A.makeherfaceandnoseoutofwaterB.airwayC.artificialbreathingD.chestcompression9.Whatisessentialforendotrachealintubationexcept.()A.thelaryngoscope(喉镜)B.simpleventilatorC.thedefibrillatorD.endotrachealtube（气管导管）10.WhichTraumaScores(TS)isbestforsalvage.()A.1～3 B.4～13 C.14～16 D.16～20PartⅣ:BriefAnswers(10pointseach,40pointstotally)1.Whatarethekeypointsforobservingashockpatient?(10points)2.Whatarethefirstaidcarepointsforahyperthermiccrisispatient?(10points)3.Howtoinduceemesis?(10points)4.Whatarethemanifestationsforcardiacarrest?(10points)（PleaseanswerinEnglish,oryouwilllosethehalfscore请用英文回答，否则扣一半分）PartⅤ:Discussion(15points)1.WhatarethebasicfunctionsofICU?(8points)2.WhatarethemainmonitoringcontentsinICU?(7points)STANDARDANSWER(标准答案)PartⅠ:TermDefinition(5pointseach,15pointstotally)1.CentralVenousPressure（CVP）：即中心静脉压，是胸腔内上、下腔静脉的压力2.hyperthermiccrisis:高热同时伴有抽搐、昏迷、休克、出血等。3.pain:1979年国际疼痛研究会（IASP）对疼痛的定义是："疼痛是一种令人不快的感觉和情绪上的感受，伴随着现有的或潜在的组织损伤".PartⅡ:TrueorFalse(2pointseach,10pointstotally)1.True2.True3.True4.False5.FalsePartⅢ:SingleChoice(2pointseach,20pointstotally)1.C2.B3.D4.B5.C6.C7.D8.A9.C10.BPartⅣ:BriefAnswers(10pointseach,40pointstotally)1.(1)意识表情(2)末梢循环(3)颈静脉和周围静脉(4)体温(5)脉搏(6)呼吸(7)瞳孔(8)血压与脉压差(9)尿量(10)并发症2.1)严密观察病情;2)一般处理;3)降温：迅速而有效地将体温降至38.5℃左右是治疗高热危象的关键;4)病因治疗;5)基础护理和对症护理。3.1)病人神志清且能合作2)饮温水300一500ml或药物如吐根糖浆3)用手指或压舌板刺激咽后壁或舌根4)反复进行，直至胃内容物完全呕出4.临床表现：意识丧失；脉搏扪不到；呼吸断断续续，后停止；心音消失；瞳孔散大；面色苍白兼青紫。①Patientisunresponsive；②Thefemoralpulsesarenotpalpable;③Respiratorymotionofthechestwallcannotbedetected.;④Noaudibleheartsoundcanbediscerned;⑤Patienthasablue,pale,ordeathlikeappearance;⑥Dilatedpupilsandnoresponsetolight.PartⅤ:CaseAnalysis(15points)1.ICU的基本功能是心肺复苏能力；呼吸道管理及氧疗能力；持续性生命体征监测和有创血流动力学监测能力；紧急作心脏临时性起搏能力；对各种检验结果做出快速反应的能力；对各个脏器功能较长