城市轨道交通客运服务英语-第八章-Emergency-and-First-Aid

Project8EmergencyandFirstAidProjectObjectivesTounderstandtheimportanceofsupplyingemergentserviceinaMetro;Tounderstandbasictermsonemergentserviceandfirstaid;Tobecapableofsupplyingcustomerswithemergenthelpandfirstaid;Tomasterthesentencepatternsrelatedtoemergencyandfirstaid;Todealwithvarioussituationsonemergencyandfirstaid.ⅠPracticeandLearnⅡ2ListeningComprehensionⅢReadandLearnⅣTranslationofRestrictiveAttributiveClauseCONTENTSSectionⅠPracticeandLearnMiniTalksWordsandExpressionsDialoguesExercisesExercisesⅠPracticeandLearnⅠPracticeandLearnMiniTalksInthefollowing,thereare5minitalks.Pleasepracticethe5minitalkswithyourpartnerandtrytorememberthepatternsofthedialogues.1.EmergentAidonHeartAttackPassengerA:Sir,thereisanoldmansittingonthestairsbreathinghardly.B:Oh,takemetohavealook,please!B:Sir,whatcanIdoforyou?AreyouOK?C:Ifeelverybad.Ican，tbreathe,andmyheartisbeatingfast.Helpme,please!B:Iwillcallourdoctorimmediately.Trytorelaxandstaycalm,please!ⅠPracticeandLearnMiniTalks2.APassengerwithanInjured

LegA:Hello,canIhelpyou?B:Yes,please.WhileIwaswalkingdownthestairs,myfeetslipped.Ifelloverandbrokemyleg.A:Oh,howterrible!Itmustbeverypainful.Fortunately,wehavewheelchairsanddoctors.Iwillgetawheelchairandcalladoctortohelpyou.B:Thankyousomuch!3.APassengerGotHeatStrokeA:Help!Help!B:What，sup?CanIhelpyou?A:Thisladysuddenlyfainted.Couldyouhelpher?B:Surely.Don，tbetoonervous.Iwillfindadoctortolookoverher.Shemayhaveaheatstroke.A:Quickly,please!B:Surely.Iwillcomebackimmediately.Waithere,please.ⅠPracticeandLearnMiniTalks4.Don，tEatAnythingasYouWant.A:Excuseme,Sir.Givemeahelp,please!B:WhatcanIhelpyou?A:Mybellyachesmuch.Iguessthat，sduetothefoodIateoutsidethestation.Couldyouhelpmetofindadoctor?B:Sure.Noworries!Followme,please!Letmetakeyoutotheclinicinthestation.A:Thanksalot!DoyouthinkIneedaninjection?B:Thatdependsonthedoctor.Lethimgiveyouanexamfirst.A:Thankyou!IthinkI，vegotfoodpoisoning.ⅠPracticeandLearnMiniTalks5.I，mSufferingfromPainsA:Madam,isthereanydoctorinthisstation?Ineedadoctorrightnow.B:WhatcanIhelpyou,sir?A:Ihaveheartdisease,butunluckily,Ileftmypillsathome.NowIneedadoctortolookovermeandgivemesomemedicine.B:Pleasedon，tbeworry,Sir.Letmetakeyoutoseeadoctor.WehavegooddoctorsintheMetrostation.A:Thankyou!Actually,Ihavepainsinmychest.Ialwayscarrymymedicinetopreventheartattack.Youknowthereissomethingwrongwithmyheart.B:Noworries,Sir.Youwillseethedoctorwithinoneminute.A:Thanksforhelpingme!B:It，smypleasure.ⅠPracticeandLearnWordsandExpressionsheartattack心脏病发作breathe呼吸Beat搏动，击打calm冷静的Injured受伤的slip滑fallover滑倒wheelchair轮椅Faint晕倒heatstroke中暑Belly肚子，腹部clinic诊所Injection注射，打针foodpoisoning食物中毒heartdisease心脏病ⅠPracticeandLearnExercisesMakeminitalksaccordingtothefollowingrequirements,andthenactouttheminitalksthatyouhavemade,usingthepatternsoftheabovetalks.1.TotalkaboutthenecessityoffirstaidinaMetrostationwithyourpartner;2.TotalkaboutthepossiblesituationsonemergencyinaMetrostation;3.ToimitateadialoguebetweenapassengerandaMetroofficeronemergentsituation;4.TotalkabouttheemergentaffairsyoumetorheardinaMetro;5.DoyouthinkitisnecessarytosupplyemergenthelporserviceinaMetro?Why?ⅠPracticeandLearnDialoguesInthispart,thereadialogue.Readthedialogueandthenfinishtheexerciseswithyourpartner.A:What，swrongwiththestation?Whyistheresomuchsmoke?B:Don，tpanic,please!Thesmokeisduetotheshortelectriccircuits.Theworkersarerepairingthecircuits.A:DoIneedtogetoutofthisstation?IsthereanyMetrocoming?B:Noworries.TheMetroiscomingontime.Thesmokewilldisappearsoon.A:Areyousurethesmokeisn，tfromthefire?ⅠPracticeandLearnDialoguesB:I，msure,madam.Afewminutesago,therewassomelittlesparksfromtheelectriccircuits.Thatcausedthesmoke.ButeverythingwillbeOK.Becauseyouareneartheshortcircuits,youfeelthesmoke.Don，tworry,please.A:OK.Ibelieveyou.Iwilllistentoyourinstructions.B:Nowyousee,yourtrainiscoming.Pleasestepbackandgetintothetrainoneafteranother.A:Thanks.ThisisthefirsttimeI，msopanickedinaMetrostation.B:That，sallright.Sorrytoletyouhaveasuchexperience.ⅠPracticeandLearnExercisesAnswerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtothedialogueandtrytomakedialogueswithyourpartner.1.Whydidthepassengerpanic?2.Wasitadangeroussituation?Couldyoudescribethatsituation?3.HowdidtheMetroofficercalmthepassengerdown?4.DidthepassengergetintotheMetroatlast?5.Whatwillyoudo,ifyoumeetthesimilarsituationsinaMetrostation?SectionⅡListeningComprehensionMiniSentencesListenandMatchListenandCompleteListenandAnswerMiniPracticeⅡListeningComprehensionⅡListeningComprehensionMiniSentencesListentothe10sentencesandtrytotranslatethesentencesintoChinese.1.Materialsisimportanttothequalityofrailtransportation.2.Railroadsystemalwaysrequiressafetyandefficiency.3.Loudspeakerisanecessarydeviceinthetrainbroadcasting.4.Interlockingisusedtofacilitatethemovementoftrainsatstations.5.Yellowlightsoftenmeantoproceedandpreparetostop.6.ABSstandsforAutomaticBlockSignals.7.AutomaticBlockSignalconsistsofsignalsthatgoverntheblocksofthetracks.8.Computerscienceisalsoexploitedintherailtransportation.9.Metrosystemsarecomplexinusethecombinationofadvancedtechnology.10.TianjinWestTerminalisapartofTianjinRailwayStations.ⅡListeningComprehensionListenandMatchMatchtheEnglishsentencesinthefollowingwiththeirChinesemeaning.ⅡListeningComprehensionMiniPracticeListento10shortsentencesandanswerthefollowingquestions.1.Whatdidthemanneed?2.Howtobuyaticket?3.What，sfutureoftheMetrodevelopment?4.Whatequipmentismentionedinthetalk?5.Whatistheman，sjob?6.Whatsignalsismentionedinthetalk?7.Whichkindofcircuitsismentionedinthedialogue?8.WhatequipmenthasgreatlyparticipatedintheMetrocontrol?9.Wherecanyouhaveyourdinner?10.Whatservicedoesdiningcarservicebelongto?ⅡListeningComprehensionListenandCompleteListentothepassageandthenfillintheblanksaboutwhatyouhaveheard.Aftera

periodoftwoandahalfyears,architectshavecompletedtheTianjinWestRailwayStationinChina.Thenew

,whichislocatedabout

kilometerssouth-westofBeijing,servesasastoponthehigh-speedlinebetweentheChinesecapitalandShanghai,aswellas

thevariousregionallinesandlinkingthesetotheundergroundnetwork.Thelocal

designfunctionoftherailwaystationistoconnectacommercialareatothenorthwiththeoldcitycentertothesouth,bridgingtracks,ariverandaroadinthiscityof12millionresidents.PassengersenterthenewTianjinWest

Stationthroughthemainentrancesonthenorthandsouthsides.Daylightreachesthe

throughthediamondshapedsteelandglassroofconstruction,andwhilethelowerpartisnearly

andadmitsagreatdealoflight,theupperpartservesasprotectionagainstdirect

radiation.Thistechnicallyandstructurallysustainablerailwaystationillustratesa_______interpretationofthecathedralsoftrafficfromtheheydaysofrailwaytravel.ⅡListeningComprehensionListenandAnswerListentothepassageagainandthenanswerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtowhatyouhaveheardintheMP3.1.HowlonghasbeenusedtocompletethenewTianjinWestRailwayStation?2.WhatisthegeneralfunctionofthenewTianjinWestRailwayStation?3.Whatisthelocalurbandesignfunctionofthenewrailwaystation?4.Whatisthestructuralfeatureofthenewrailwaystation?5.Whatisthemeaningthatthenewrailwaystationillustrate?SectionⅢReadandLearnWordsandExpressionsNotesofthePassageⅢReadandLearnⅢReadandLearnInthissection,thereisapassage,readthepassageandthenfinishtheexercises.FirstAidataMetroStationⅢReadandLearnGuidanceissetoutbelowonemployers，

responsibilitiesfortheprovisionoffirstaidfacilitiesandtrainingtheiremployeesonfirstaid.Italsoexplainstheimportanceofconsideringpublicneedsatrailwaystationswhenassessingfirstaidrequirements.Arecentlypublishedcoroner，sreportintoapassengerfatalityatStAlbansStationin2013highlightedtheneedforappropriatelevelsoffirstaidequipmenttobeavailableandwherepracticallythatstationstaffhavesuitablefirstaidtraining.Weacceptsthatthismustbeproportionatetothenumbersofstaffonduty,levelsoftrainservicesandnumbersofpassengersattherailwaystation.ⅢReadandLearnⅢReadandLearnHSE（HealthandSafetyExecutive）providesadviceandguidanceonhowemployersshouldcomplywiththeHealthandSafety（FirstAid）Regulations1981.Firstaidprovisionmustbe“adequateandappropriateinthecircumstances”.Thismeansthatyoumustprovidesufficientfirstaidequipment（firstaidkit）,facilitiesandpersonnelatalltimes.Asaminimum,aworkplaceshouldhaveafirstaidboxandapersonappointedtotakechargeoffirstaidarrangements,suchascallingtheemergencyservicesifnecessary.Employersmustalsoprovideinformationaboutfirstaidarrangementstotheiremployees.AnassessmentofFirstAidrequirementsshouldbemadebytheemployer.Whilsttheregulationsdonotrequiretheassessmenttoincludethepublic,goodemployerswouldtakeaccountofpassengersneedsatrailwaystations.Westronglyrecommendsthattheyareincludedinthesefirstaidassessments.ⅢReadandLearnⅢReadandLearnWordsandExpressionsⅢReadandLearn1.Guidanceissetoutbelowonemployersresponsibilitiesfortheprovisionoffirstaidfacilitiesandtrainingtheiremployeesonfirstaid.本句话的主语是：“Guidanceissetout”“below”“onemployersresponsibilities”“fortheprovisionoffirstaidfacilitiesandtrainingtheiremployees”和“onfirstaid”都是本句话的状语或者定语，对前面的词或者词组起到修饰、限制和补充说明的作用。这句话可译为：下文列出了雇主提供急救设施的责任，并对雇员进行急救培训。NotesofthePassageⅢReadandLearn2.Italsoexplainstheimportanceofconsideringpublicneedsatrailwaystationswhenassessingfirstaidrequirements.本句话中的it是代词作主语，指代课文中前一句的“Guidance”。在英文中，当when或者while引导的时间状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时，when或者while引导的时间状语从句的主语可以省略。例如：Whenfinishingthehomework,hewasconsideringtheimportantaffair.Whilelookingback,thereisstilllongroadforustowalkon.这句话可译为：这也解释了在评估急救要求时考虑火车站公众需求的重要性。NotesofthePassageⅢReadandLearn3.Arecentlypublishedcoroner，sreportintoapassengerfatalityatStAlbansStationin2013highlightedtheneedforappropriatelevelsoffirstaidequipmenttobeavailableandwherepracticallythatstationstaffhavesuitablefirstaidtraining.本句话中的and连接两个并列句。在第一个句子中，“Arecentlypublishedcoroner，sreportintoapassengerfatalityatStAlbansStationin2013”是第一个并列句的主语，其中这个主语的中心词是“report”，“Arecentlypublishedcoroner，s”是“report”的定语，“intoapassengerfatality”,“atStAlbansStation”和“in2013”作为状语。这句话可译为：2013年圣Albans车站最近公布的验尸官关于乘客死亡的报告强调，需要提供适当级别的急救设备，且在可行且资源允许时车站工作人员进行适当的急救培训。NotesofthePassageⅢReadandLearn4.Asaminimum,aworkplaceshouldhaveafirst-aidboxandapersonappointedtotakechargeoffirst-aidarrangements,suchascallingtheemergencyservicesifnecessary.本句话中的“Asaminimum”就相当于atleast，译为“最少，至少”。as这个词的意思较多，主要可以作为副词、介词和连词，可以翻译为：同样地，一样地；作为，以……的身份；如同；像，像……一样；由于；同时。例句为：Englishhashurtmeathousandtimes,butIstillregarditasmyfirstlove.英语伤我千百遍，我待英语如初恋。Issuessuchasthesewerenotreallyhisconcern.他其实并不关心诸如此类的问题。AsIsidestepped,thebottlehitmeonthelefthip.我侧一步要躲闪的时候，瓶子打中了我的左髋部。Asagroup,today，soldpeoplearestillrelativelydeprived.作为一个群体，当今的老年人依然相对贫困。这句话可译为：至少，工作场所应设有急救箱和被指定负责急救安排的人员，例如在必要时拨打紧急服务。NotesofthePassageⅢReadandLearn5.Westronglyrecommendsthattheyareincludedinthesefirstaidassessments.本句话中的“thattheyareincludedinthesefirstaidassessments”是that引导的宾语从句，作为recommend的宾语。相似的句子还有：Weconsiderthatitisacomplimenttobecalled“conservative”.我们认为被称作“保守分子”是对我们的一种赞赏。Irecommendthatyouavoidprocessedfoodswheneverpossible.我建议你尽量不要食用加工好的食品。NotesofthePassageⅢReadandLearnExerciseⅠReadthepassageandthenanswerthefollowingquestions.1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?2.Whyisthecoroner，sreportintoapassengerfatalityatStAlbansStationin2013illustratedinthisarticle?3.Whatisthemeaningof“FirstAid”?4.ShouldanyregulationsbegiventotheFirstAid?Why?5.Whyshouldaworkplacehaveafirst-aidbox?6.DoyouthinkFirstAidisnecessaryinaMetrostation?Why?NotesofthePassageⅢReadandLearnExerciseⅡFillouttheblanksaccordingtothepassage.Guidanceis

outbelowonemployersresponsibilitiesfortheprovisionof

aidfacilitiesandtrainingtheiremployeesonfirstaid.Italso

theimportanceofconsideringpublicatrailwaystationswhenassessingfirstaidrequirements.Asaminimum,a

shouldhaveafirst-aidboxandapersonappointedtotakechargeoffirst-aidarrangements,suchascallingthe

servicesifnecessary.Employersmustalsoprovide

aboutfirst-aidarrangementstotheiremployees.AnassessmentofFirstAid

shouldbemadebytheemployer.Whilsttheregulationsdonotrequirethe

toincludethepublic,goodemployerswouldtakeaccountofpassengersneedsat

stations.Westronglyrecommendsthattheyareincludedinthesefirstaidassessments.NotesofthePassageⅢReadandLearnExerciseⅢChoosethebestwordstocompletethefollowingsentences.1.A

isavehicledrivenbyelectricity,thatrunsonrailsalongthestreetsofatownandcarriespassengers.2.100yearslater,theoldcityneeded

andrebuildintoanewcity.3.Theconstructionand

ofrailwaysinacityistimeconsumingandneedshardwork.4.Arailroadmustexperience

beforerunning.5.Railroadtechnology

withthedevelopmentofscience.6.Apersonshouldcherishhis

foritislimited.7.Therailwaysinacityareallina

.8.Theconstructorsanddevelopersofacitymakealong

planforthecity.NotesofthePassageSectionⅣTranslationofRestrictiveAttributiveClause合译法分译法译为词组Therebe句型中定语从句的翻译ⅣTranslationofRestrictiveAttributiveClauseⅣTranslationofRestrictiveAttributiveClause合译法就是把英文原文的定语从句译成汉语带“的”字的定语词组，这样，原英语的主句和定语从句就被合译成了汉语的单句。1.Peoplewholiveintheareaswhereearthquakeareacommonoccurrenceshouldbuildhousesthatareresistanttogroundmovement.居住在地震灾害频发地区的居民，应当建设抗震房屋。2.Plantsthatbeartheirseedsinthismannerareknownasangiospermsor“floweringplants”.以这种方式结种子的植物被称为被子植物或“开花植物”。3.Inthosedayswhenscienceremainedundeveloped,thecrewsknowledgeofthunderandlightningwasnexttonothing.在科学尚未发展的时代，船员对雷电的认识几乎没有。合译法ⅣTranslationofRestrictiveAttributiveClause当定语从句较长或者是与其所修饰的名词之间关系不很密切时，往往不大适合译为前置的“的”字结构定语，而多采用分译法，即将定语从句译为一个并列分句，并放在所修饰的词的后面。此类翻译方法就是在后置的并列分句的译文中增加了“它”“这”“这些”等代词以重复关系词所代表的含义。1.重复先行词（1）Thecorneaisapartoftheeyethathelpsfocuslighttocreateanimageontheretina.这句话可译为：角膜是眼睛的一部分，有助于将光线聚焦在视网膜上形成图像。（2）Acomputerisadevicethattakesinaseriesofelectricalimpulsesrepresentinginformation,combinesthem,sortsthem,analysesandcomparestheinformationwiththatstoredinthecomputer.这句话可译为：计算机是一种接收代表信息的一系列电脉冲的装置，将它们组合，分类，分析和比较存储在计算机中的信息。分译法ⅣTranslationofRestrictiveAttributiveClause（3）E-commerceistheonlineservicewhereChemicalWeekAssociatesande-commerceeditor-in-chiefMikeRobertsdeliverstheexclusivenewsandin-depthanalysis.这句话可译为：电子商务是在线服务，化学周刊和电子商务总编麦克•罗伯茨提供独家新闻和深入分析。2.重复先行词，加译转折词有时定语从句表达的意思和主句的意思会发生语气上的转折，这时定语从句多翻译为并列句分句且前面可加译表示转折的连词。（1）Eachofourfacultyfocusesonunderstandingthebasicchemical,physic