交流 小学英语词汇教学建议

小学英语词汇教学建议鲁子问华中师范大学教授国家《英语课程标准》专家组成员词汇：学什么？词汇学习的内容语义书面语、口语形式语法行为(grammaticalbehavior)搭配(collocations)语域(register)关联属性(association)词频(frequency)词形book,books,booking,booked读音/bƱk//bƱks//’bƱkiŋ//bƱkt/词性1.名词；2.动词语义：book=“书”吗？搭配：cookthebook,closedbook…连用：book语法行为：book语域：名词所有语域，动词较正式语域词频：名词为口笔前1000词，动词为口语前2000词语用：名词可在正式与非正式场合使用动词用于正式语篇使用多于非正式语篇确定词汇教学内容--book为例AWord:Book

FromCollins1N-COUNTAbookisanumberofpiecesofpaper,usuallywithwordsprintedonthem,whicharefastenedtogetherandfixedinsideacoverofstrongerpaperorcardboard.Bookscontaininformation,stories,orpoetry,forexample.

Hiseighthbookcameoutearlierthisyearandwasaninstantbest-seller...

...theauthorofabookonpolitics.

...referencebooks.

2N-COUNTusuNofnAbook

ofsomethingsuchasstamps,matches,orticketsisasmallnumberofthemfastenedtogetherbetweenthincardboardcovers.

CanIhaveabookoffirstclassstampsplease?3VERBVn,Vnn,V-edWhenyoubooksomethingsuchasahotelroomoraticket,youarrangetohaveitoruseitataparticulartime.

Britishofficialshavebookedhotelroomsforthewomenandchildren...

Laurierevealedshehadbookedherselfaflighthomelastnight.

...three-starrestaurantsthatarenormallybookedformonthsinadvance.4N-PLURALAcompany'sororganization'sbooksareitsrecordsofmoneythathasbeenspentandearnedorofthenamesofpeoplewhobelongtoit.(BUSINESS)

Forthemostpartheleftthebookstohismanagersandaccountants...

Around12percentofthepeopleonourbooksareinthecomputingindustry.

5VERBVnWhenarefereebooksafootballplayerwhohasseriouslybrokentherulesofthegame,heorsheofficiallywritesdowntheplayer'sname.

LeaguerefereeKeithCooperbookedhiminthefirsthalfforatusslewiththegoalie.6VERBVnWhenapoliceofficerbookssomeone,heorsheofficiallyrecordstheirnameandtheoffencethattheymaybechargedwith.

Theytookhimtothestationandbookedhimforassaultwithadeadlyweapon.7N-COUNT

InaverylongwrittenworksuchastheBible,abookisoneofthesectionsintowhichitisdivided.

8seealsobooking,chequebook,phonebook9PHRASEVinflects

Ifyoubringsomeonetobook,youpunishthemforanoffenceormakethemexplaintheirbehaviourofficially.Policeshouldbeaskedtoinvestigatesothattheguiltycanbebroughttobooksoon.10PHRASEv-linkPHRIfyousaythatsomeoneorsomethingisaclosedbook,youmeanthatyoudonotknowanythingaboutthem.

FrankSpriggswasaveryablemanbutsomethingofaclosedbook...

Economicswasaclosedbooktohim.11PHRASEv-linkPHRIfahotel,restaurant,theatre,ortransportserviceisfullybooked,orbookedsolid,itisbookedup.

ThecarferriesfromthemainlandareoftenfullybookedbyFebruary.12PHRASEPHRwithcl

Inmybookmeans`inmyopinion'or`accordingtomybeliefs'.

Thegreatestmanagertherehaseverbeen,oreverwillbeinmybook,isretiring.13

tocookthebooksIfyousaythatsomeonehascookedthebooks,youmeanthattheyhavechangedfiguresorawrittenrecordinordertodeceivepeople.(INFORMAL)小学目标：第一：教材语境的基本语义第二：教材语境的基本语法行为第三：读音第四：教材语境的基本词形词汇：教什么？反思？反问？我们自己作为英语学习者，我们学单词学了什么？我们是否记得住我们学过的每一个单词？背单词到底应该背什么？记单词到底应该记什么？考单词到底应该考什么？单选是什么运用形态？小学应不应该用单选形式？通过教材语境，掌握词汇用法，能运用所学词汇在类似教材语境理解与表达小学词汇教学重点词汇运用能力词汇搭配词汇读音，尤其是对于母语不是拼音文字的汉族等学生词形，小学阶段存在认知困难小学词汇教学难点小学英语词汇有效教学方法1.确定词汇教学的目标确定目标：识别词汇、运用词汇、学习词汇

小学词汇学习目标：学习700词（老师教过700词）识别500词（能阅读理解500词）听懂400词（能听力理解400词写出200词（能拼写运用200词）2.用多种方式真实呈现词汇在语境中完整呈现词形、读音、语义、语法行为、语用等同一语境用不同语音、语调反复呈现同一语境用不同情感、动作反复呈现在近似语境中反复呈现读音和词形在最近发展区之内，扩展呈现在生活相关话题，扩展呈现Alesson.3.基于运用的词汇讲解读音：听，体验，跟读，朗读，说词形：尽可能整体获得，必要时可按音节分解搭配、连用：教材语境的基本用法语法行为：教材语境的基本用法语用：反复呈现课文近似语境4.用简单语句强化新学词汇形成对新学词汇的强刺激，有助于记忆新学词汇强刺激可以是强烈的语境，如teacher都可以通过强语境形成强刺激但语句结构一定要简单，才能不影响强刺激的记忆效果若语句结构过于复杂，则会导致对结构的记忆I’mateacher.I’mateacher.I’mateacher.5.基于课文或故事进行词汇运用训练基于已掌握简单结构训练新词汇基于语境训练与运用基于话题训练与运用所有训练与运用都应有语篇意识，，一切在语篇基础上学习和训练词不离句，句不离篇