人教新课标英语必修四Unit 3 Grammar 现在分词导学案

人教新课标必修四Unit3Grammar现在分词用法

动词语态形式及物动词make不及物动词go主动语态被动语态主动语态一般式makingbeingmadegoing完成式havingmadehavingbeenmadehavinggone功能：现在分词常表示动作或状态，具有形容词的特征，可做定语，状语，补语。动名词动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语。I.作定语单个分词作定语时，一般放在所修饰的名词之前（也有少数例外，如concerned,invited）；分词短语作定语时，放在被修饰的名词之后；其作用相当于一个定语从句，并且名词与现在分词之间存有逻辑上的主谓关系。（动名词）表功能用途、作用aswimmingpoolawalkingstick（现在分词）表主动进行arunningboythegirlstandingthere改写下列句子：childwhoissleepingisonlyfiveyearsold.→The______childisonlyfiveyearsold.youknowthemanwhoisstandingatthegate?→Doyouknowtheman__________________?housewhichisbeingbuiltbelongstohim.→Thehouse______________belongstohim.isa___________(swim)poolinourschool,whichisfreeofcharge.练一练1)Theflowers__sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.A.tosmell

B.smelling

C.smelt

D.tobesmelt

2)Thewildflowerslookedlikeasoftorangeblanket___thedesertA.covering

B.covered

C.tocover

D.cover

3)WhenIgotbackhomeIsawamessagepinnedtothedoor____“Sorrytomissyou;willcalllater.”

A.read

B.toread

C.reading

D.reads

4)

Iwastoldthattherewereabout50foreignstudents_______Chineseintheschool,mostofwhomwerefromGermany.A.study

B.study

C.studying

D.studied5)Thenextthinghesawwassmokefrombehindthehouse.A.roseB.risingC.toriseD.risenII.作表语Seeingisbelieving.Hisjobisteachingusgeography.Thestoryismoving.结论：动名词作表语，说明主语的内容；现在分词做表语，表示主语的性质特征。III.作宾语补足语：表示主语正在进行的动作或处于的状态，与宾语是逻辑的主谓关系IfIcatchyoudoingitagain,Iwon’tletyougo.Wecanseesteamrisingfromthewetclothes.1.可以带复合宾语的动词有lookat,see,watch,observe,notice;hear,listento;feel,have,catch,find,keep等。Hekeptus________(wait)forawholehour.Hewaslastseen________(play)bytheriver.2.在see,observe,watch,notice,hear,feel等动词后，既可用现在分词构成复合宾语，也可用不定式构成复合宾语。两者的差别在于：用现在分词，表示动作正在发生或进行；用不定式时表示动作的全过程（动作已经结束）。WhenIenteredtheroom,Isawhimtryingonthenewcoat.Isawhimputonhiscoatandwalkout.Wehadthefireburningallday.（我们使火燃烧了一整天。）3.现在分词作宾补时，结构变成被动语态时位置以及形式不变。不定式作宾补变成被动语态时，则要加不定式符号to.1)Theykeptuswaitingforawholehour.(变为被动)We_______________forawholehour.2)Isawhimputonhiscoatandwalkout.(变为被动)He_________________hiscoatandwalkout.IV.作状语：①时间状语：SeeingTom,Icouldn’thelpthinkingofhisbrother.Whencrossingthestreet,youmustbecareful.②原因状语：Notfinishinghishomework,hedidn’twanttogoschool.③方式或伴随状语：MarystoodattheschoolgatewaitingforBetty.④结果状语Hisfatherdied,leavinghimalone.

现在分词一般式doing作状语(时间，条件，原因，伴随，结果)。1）Whenheheardthenews,hejumpedwithjoy.→

_______thenews,hejumpedwithjoy.

2）Westoodthereandwatchedthefilm.→Westoodthere,

______

thefilm.3）BecauseIdidn’tknowhistelephonenumber,Ididn’tcallhim.

→_________histelephonenumber,Ididn’tcallhim.4）Becausehewasstudyingattentively,hedidn’tlookupwhenIcamein.

→_______attentively,hedidn’tlookupwhenIcamein.结论：现在分词一般式doing作状语，由表“主动”的从句简化而成，

表示分词动作和主句动作___________发生。否定形式为__________________。练一练1)

When_____differentcultures,weoftenpayattentiononlytothedifferenceswithoutnoticingthemanysimilarities.A.compared

B.beingcompared

C.comparing

D.havingcompared

2)

_____verydelicious,thefoodinthismarketwassoldoutsoon.A.Tasting

B.Tasted

C.Havingbeentasted

D.Beingtasted

3)

Hewalkedasfastashecould,____togetthereontime.A.tohope

B.beinghoped

C.hoping

D.hoped

现在分词完成式havingdone作状语1)Becausehehassufferedcancerformanyyears,hebecomesoptimisticabouteverything.

=________________cancerformanyyears,hebecomesoptimisticabouteverything.2)Afterhehadfinishedhiswork,hewentouttohaveawalk.

=__________________hiswork,hewentouttohaveawalk.结论：现在分词完成式havingdone作状语，分词动作的持续性或分词动作发生在主句动作_______________。否定形式为_________________练一练1)Theoldman,___abroadfortwentyyears,isonthewaybacktohismotherland.

A.towork

B.working

C.tohaveworked

D.havingworked2)____inthelongqueueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.

A.Towait

B.Havewaited

C.Havingwaited

D.Tohavewaited

3)_____areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.A.Notreceiving

B.Receivingnot

C.Nothavingreceived

D.Havingnotreceived

4)_______theprogrammes,theyhavetostaythereforanothertwoweeks.A.Notcompleting

B.Notcompleted

C.Nothavingcompleted

D.Havingcompleted

练习1.Listen!Doyouhearsomeone______________(call)forhelp?(approach)thecitycenter,wesawastonestatueofabout10metersinheight.3.Dina,___________(struggle)formonthstofindajobasawaitress,finallytookapositionatalocaladvertisingagency.rainedheavilyinthesouth,____________(cause)seriousfloodinginseveralprovinces.5.—Comeon,pleasegivemesomeideasabuttheproject.—Sorry.Withsomuchwork____________(fill)mymind,Ialmostbreakdown.Theroomisemptyexceptforabookshelf______________(stand)inonecorner.Hisspeechis_____________(inspire).I’msorrytohaveyou__________(wait)forsolong.(look)atmyclassmates’faces,Ireadthesameexcitementintheireyes.Whenwevisitedmyoldfamilyhome,memorycame_____________(flood)back.参考答案：作定语1.sleeping2.standingatthegate3.beingbuilt4.swimmingBACCB作宾语补足语1.waitingplaying3.werekeptwaitingwasseentopu