虚拟语气 课件高考英语语法复习专题

虚拟语气概念：虚拟语气：表示说话人所说的不是事实，而是一种愿望、假设、或推测。一、虚拟语气在if非真实条件句中虚拟条件从句(If)主句与现在事实相反的假设与过去事实相反的假设与将来事实相反的假设

过去式

be--wereshould/would/could/might+dohaddoneshould/would/could/might+havedone过去式（be--were）shoulddoweretodoshould/would/could/might+doIfyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldhavepassedtheexam.

（过去虚拟）1.如果我是你，我会接受他的建议（现在虚拟）2.如果明天下雨，我会待在家里。（将来虚拟）3.如果你以前好好学习，

你会通过考试的。IfIwereyou,Iwouldaccepthisadvice.Ifitrained（shouldrain/weretorain

）tomorrow,Iwouldstayathome.5Iamateacher,soIhavetoworkatweekends.IfIwere(was)notateacher,Iwouldn’thavetoworkatweekends.Mylife6Jack,oneofmystudents,spenttoomuchtimeoncomputergames.Asaresult,hewasnotadmittedtoagooduniversity.HowregretfulIfeltforhim!IfJackhadnotspenttoomuchtimeoncomputergames,hewouldhavebeenadmittedtoagooduniversity.Astoryofmystudent7Justnowateachershowedmethewayhere.ItisapitythatIwasinsuchahurrythatIdidn’texpressmythankstohim.IfIshouldseetheteacherafterclass,Iwouldthankhimfacetoface.MyexperienceIfIweretoseetheteacherafterclass,Iwouldthankhimfacetoface.1.if从句中，省略if，were，had，should可以放在句首，（用于倒装结构），否定词not不能放在前面。1.IfIwereyou,Iwouldaccepthisadvice.2.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,Iwouldstayathome.3.Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldhavepassedtheexam.Hadyoustudiedhardbefore,……WereIyou,……Shoulditraintomorrow,…….9Ididn’tsleepwelllastnight.Ifeelalittlebittirednow.IfIhadsleptwelllastnight,Iwouldnotfeeltirednow.Myexperience2.错综时间虚拟语气当从句与主句时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。Ifyou____________(follow)myadvicejustnow,you_________(be)betternow.Ifyou__________(study)hardbefore,you_______(be)acollegestudentnow.hadfollowedwouldbehadstudiedwouldbe3、含蓄虚拟语气在虚拟语气中，并不总是出现if引导的条件句，而通过其它手段来代替条件句。常用的有otherwise

，or

，without，butfor（倘没有，要不是）等。1).Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeeting.=IfIhadn’tbeenillthatday,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeeting.2).Hetelephonedtoinformmeofyourbirthday,orIwouldhaveknownnothingaboutit.3).Without

/Butforyourhelp,wecouldn’thavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.=Ifyouhadnothelpedus,…4)Withoutelectricity,humanbeinglife______quitedifferenttoday.wouldbe1“坚持”insist2“命令”order,command3“建议”advise,suggest,propose，recommend4“要求”demand,require,request,desire

+(that)sb(should)do...或是(that)sb/sth(should)bedone

宾语从句

14二、虚拟语气在名词性从句中的使用我们建议Tom去休息一下。他坚持要我与他同行。他们要求派Tom去那儿工作。老师要求作业要及时完成。Wesuggested___________________.(that)TomhavearestHeinsisted_________________________.(that)I(should)gowithhimTheyrequested(that)Tom

_________________________________.(should)besenttoworkthereTheteacherdemanded(that)ourhomework

_________________________________.(should)befinishedintime

15(一).宾语从句Itisordered/commanded/suggested/advised/requested/required/demanded…that…(should)do

Itissuggestedthatwe(should)practisereadingEnglisheveryday.

16(二).主语从句that不可省略The/One’sinsistence/order/command/suggestion/advice/proposal/recommendation/request/requirement/demand/desireis/wasthat…(should)do

17(三).表语从句Thesuggestiongivenbyourteacheristhatwe(should)practisereadingEnglisheveryday.that不可省略这些动词相对应的名词性从句也用shoulddoa/thesuggestion/request(等)that…(should)do…

Shemadearequestthatthedoctor(should)besentforatonce.Theteachergivesusasuggestionthatwe(should)practisereadingEnglisheveryday.

18(四）.同位语从句that不可省略It’ssuggestedthattheplan

(should)

becarriedoutatonce.Theoldwoman’sdemandisthat

herson(should)cometoseeheronceaweek.Weareinfavoroftheadvicethatthefactory(should)becloseddown.主语从句表语从句同位语从句

19注意：suggest:表明，暗示陈述语气

建议虚拟语气Herpalefacesuggestedthatshe_____（be)ill.Herfriendssuggested

thatshe________________(send)tohospitalimmediately.Insist：坚持说，陈述语气

坚持要求虚拟语气Heinsistedthathe____________(notsteal)themoney.Heinsistedthathe_____________(set)free.was(should)besenthadn’tstolen(should)beset书面表达------建议信

Iwouldliketosuggestthat…MayIsuggestthat…Mysuggestisthat…Iwouldliketoputforwardthesuggestionthat…Iwouldliketomakearecommendationthat…三.虚拟语气的其他用法1.wish引导的宾语从句中与现在事实相反

与过去事实相反

与将来

事实相反

过去时（were）过去完成时、had+donecouldhavedonewould/could/might+动词原形Iwish(that)he________________(visit)ustomorrow.Iwish(that)he_________(visit)ustoday.I

wishhe____________________________(visit)usyesterday.

wouldvisitvisitedhadvisited2.在wouldrather

与现在或将来事实相反过去时动词过去式/were与过去事实相反过去完成时haddoneIwouldratheryou______(come)herenow.Iwouldratheryou______(come)heretomorrow.Iwouldratheryou__________(nottell)methetruthyesterday.camehadn’ttoldcame3.ifonly(要是……就好了）asif/asthough（好像）+从句(与wish一样)IfonlyI_____(be)abirdIfonlyyou_____________（listen)toouradvice!IfonlyI__________

（be）asuperstarsomeday.Helooksasifhe_________anartist.Hetalkedabouttheaccidentasifhe_______it.werehadlistenedwouldbewerehadseen

sbdidsbshoulddo注意:should不能省略．(4)Itis(high)time(that)“是时候…...(做某事)”现在将来

25是时候采取措施来保护环境了。（倡议）Itis(high)timethatwetook/shouldtakemeasurestoprotecttheenvironment.你该走了。It’s(high)timethatyouwent/shouldgo.

26

It’snecessary/strange/natural(自然的,理应如此的)/important…

+thatsb(should)do（5）.在表达惊异、惋惜、遗憾、理应如此等意义的固定句式中常使用虚拟语气

271).Itisimportantthatwe________________(master精通)aforeignlanguage.2).真奇怪，她竟然拒绝来参加party。

It’s_______thatshe_______________tocometotheparty.3).鸟在树上安歇/休息是很自然的。

Itis______thatabird_______________intrees.(should)master(should)refusestrangenatural(should)rest

286.情态动词+havedone表示“与过去事实相反”couldhavedone过去本可以做某事但实际上没做needn’thavedone过去本不必做某事但实际上做了oughtto/shouldhavedone过去本应该做某事但实际上没做oughtn’tto/shouldn’thavedone过去不应该做某事但实际上做了mighthavedone过去本可以做某事但实际上没做*Youneedn’thaveworkedthatlatelastnight.Itwasharmfultoyourhealth.*Yououghttohavedonethisexercisemorecarefully.*Youmighthavegivenhimmorehelp,thoughyouwereverybusythen.单句填空1.IfI_____(be)you,Iwoulddoitinadifferentway.2.Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvicejustnow,you_________(be)finenow.3.Hehesitatedforamomentbeforekickingtheball,otherwisehe________________(score)agoal.4.IfI_____(have)amilliondollars,Iwouldfirstdonatesomeofthemoneytopoorchildreninremotemountainousareas.5.Thedoctororderedthatshe___________(stay)inbedforafewdays.werewouldbewouldhavescoredhad(should)stay6.Itisveryimportantthatyou____________(master)theskillsofcomputer.7.Englishteachersgiveusadvicethatwe____________(make)gooduseofeverychancetospeakEnglish.8.Itishightimethatwe_______________(take)somemeasurestoprotectthewildanimals.9.HowIwisheveryfamily____(have)alargehousewithabeautifulgarden！10.Jane’spalefacesuggestedthatshe_____(be)ill,andherparentssuggestedthatshe____________(have)amedicalexamination.(should)master(should)maketook/shouldtakehadwas(should)haveHewalkedinasifhe___________(buy)theschool.Itisluckythatwebookedaroom,orwe___________(have)nowheretostaynow.Withouthiswartimeexperiences,Hemingway_____________________(notwrite)hisfamousnovelAFarewelltoArms.4.