铁路英语-课件 Unit-1 Railway Transportation

Unit1RailwayTransportationWARMINGUPPassengerStationsandFreightStationsINTENSIVEREADINGARailwayTransportation—AnOverview

UNIT1RailwayTransportationINTENSIVEREADINGBTrainCrew

PracticalReadingBatchesofCargoes

ReadingintoChinaZhanTianyou—FatherofChina’sRailway

LEARNINGOBJECTIVEAfterstudyingthisunit,you’llbeableto:•giveanoverviewofrailwaytransportation•understandthemainoftasksofthetraincrew•describetherequirementsofandrestrictionsondeliveringcargoesinonebatch•learnZhanTianyou’sgreatcontributionstoChina’srailwayconstruction12345WarmingUpIntensive

ReadingAIntensive

ReadingBPracticalReadingReadingintoChinaWarmingUpTask1Matchthepictureswiththerelatedterms.AFreightmanagementBTechnicalmaintenanceCPassengerserviceDMarshalingyard1234()AFreightmanagement()BTechnicalmaintenance()CPassengerservice()DMarshalingyard1234AFreightmanagementBTechnicalmaintenanceCPassengerserviceDMarshalingyardWarmingUpTask2Listentothepassageandfillintheblanks.1Arailwaystationistheplaceallowingthe1)

andunloadingofgoods,orthe2)

andalighting

ofpassengers.2Moststationsnowmainlyserveonepurposeandcanbecategorizedintoeither

3)

or4)

.3Passengerstationsgenerallyinclude5)

,railwaystationsquaresand6)

.4Freightstationsarenormallylocatedinplacessuchas7)

,forestzones,and8)

.loadingboardingpassengerstationsfreightstationsstationbuildingsplatformsminingsitesportsWarmingUpScriptAtrainstation,alsocalledarailwaystation,isaportofcallfortrains,allowingtheloadingandunloadingofgoods,ortheboardingandalightingofpassengers.Earlystationsnormallyhaddual-purposefacilitiesforbothpassengersandgoods,butsuchfacilitiesarelesscommontoday.Moststationsnowmainlyserveonepurposeandcanbecategorizedintoeitherpassengerstationsorfreightstations.Passengerstationsareoftenfoundincitiesandtownswithagreatnumberofvisitors.Passengerstationsgenerallyincludestationbuildings,railwaystationsquaresandplatforms.Freightstationstendtobelocatedinplaceswithalargenumberofgoodstotransport,suchasminingsites,forestzonesandports.12345WarmingUpIntensive

ReadingAIntensive

ReadingBPracticalReadingReadingintoChinaIntensiveReadingA1Railwaytransportationisameansoftransportationthattransferspassengersandgoodsonwheeledvehiclesrunningonrails.Everyaspectintheprocessofrailwaytransportation,suchasplanning,organizing,anddirecting,fallswithintheworkscopeofrailwayoperation,whichcanbeclassifiedintothreedifferentareas:passengerservice,freighttransportation,andtrainoperation.2Thebasictaskofrailwaypassengerserviceissatisfyingpassengers’traveldemandsandprovidingthemwithasafejourneyduringwhichtheywon’thavetoworryaboutanything.Thistaskcannotbeaccomplishedwithoutthesupportofdata,whichincludesthetrain’stransportation

capability,ridingrate,andpassengertrafficdensity.Throughanalyzingthedataobjectively,anaccuratepassengertrafficplancanbelaid

down,thusmakingrailwaypassengerservicemoreefficientandscientific.RailwayTransportation—AnOverviewIntensiveReadingA3Tosmoothlytransportthecargotoitsdestination,theworkingproceduresofeachstationonthewayshouldbeinterlinked.Normally,atthedeparturestation,cargoconsigning,expensecalculating,formfilling,andtrainloadingarejobsrequiredtobedone.Workatstopoversmainlyconsistsofthehandoverinspection,transferarrangement,re-consignmentandrearrangementofthecargo.Whenthetrainarrivesattheterminalstation,workersshallstarttoconfirmreceiptaswellastounload,store,anddeliverthegoods.4Trainoperationutilizesvariousitemsoftechnicalequipmentandcoordinatesthewholerailwaysystemtoaidpassengerserviceandfreighttransportation.Itisthusconsideredtobethecorepartofrailwaytransportation.InChina,trainoperationencompassesmanytasks,suchasshunting,planning,flowcontrolling,andoperationdiagramdrawing.5Therefore,passengerservice,freighttransportation,andtrainoperationisessentialforthesafetyandsuccessofrailwayoperation.Inrecentyears,Chinahasputgreatemphasisonimprovingtechnologyandtrainingrailwayworkerstomakerailwaytransportationmoreintelligent,convenient,andcomfortable.RailwayTransportation—AnOverview

VocabularyWordswheeled

adj.

有轮子的scope

n.

范围accomplish

v.

完成，实现objectively

adv.

客观地smoothly

adv.

顺利地，平稳地cargo

n.

（一批）货物destination

n.

目的地，终点interlink

v.

（使）连接consign

v.

运送，托运calculate

v.

计算，核算Wordsstopover n.

中途停留inspection

n.

检查，视察arrangement

n.

安排，筹划，准备receipt

n.

收据，收条utilize

v.

利用，使用coordinate

v.

协调，协同core

adj.

核心的，最主要的encompass

v.

包括，包含shunting

n.

调动机车，扳道岔IntensiveReadingA

VocabularyPhraseslaysthdown

制定……，颁布……consistofsth

由……组成arriveat

到达putemphasison

重视Technicaltermstrainoperation

行车组织transportationcapability运输能力ridingrate

乘车率passengertrafficdensity

客运密度handoverinspection

交接检验IntensiveReadingA1Fillintheblankswiththeproperwords.

11Afterthenecessary

,thetrainreturnedeastwardsaroundmidday.2Awandererwhoisdeterminedtoreachthe

doesnotfeartherain.3Youmust

themovementsofyourarmsandlegswhenswimming.4Suchmoveswill

theeconomiesofthetwocountries.5Thecitycenterisofflimitsto

vehicles.6You’llneedto

howmuchtimetheassignmentwilltake.7Thegroupplanstoconcentrateonthree

businesses.8Youshould

thetaskwithintheallottedtime.IntensiveReadingAVocabularyandStructurewheeledcoordinateaccomplishdestinationcalculateshuntinginterlinkcoreshuntingdestination

coordinateinterlinkwheeledcalculatecoreaccomplish1Choosethebestanswertocompleteeachsentence.21Whatexactlydoyouhopeto

thisyear?A.accompany B.accommodate C.accomplish2Thegoodshavebeen

toyoubyair.A.consigned B.resigned C.designed3Theyhaveto

theprobabilityoffailure.A.stimulate B.regulate C.calculate4Hehashadtimetocooldownandlookatwhathappenedmore

.A.subjectively B.objectively C.respectively5Theyacceptedunquestioninglytheruleshehadlaid

.A.under B.down C.onIntensiveReadingAVocabularyandStructureCACBB1Tick(√)theexpressionsthatbelongtothesamecategories,thenwriteaheadingsummarizingthecategories.3Example:shunting,transportationcapability,passengertrafficdensity,ridingrate

datasupportingpassengerservice

IntensiveReadingAReadingComprehension1passengerservice,ridingrate,freighttransportation,trainoperation

2formfilling,trainloading,expensecalculating,flowcontrolling,cargoconsigning3cargore-consignment,handoverinspection,passengerservice,cargorearrangement,transferarrangement4planning,flowcontrolling,shunting,goodsdelivering,operationdiagramdrawingrailwayoperationfreighttransportationatthedeparturestationfreighttransportationatstopoverstrainoperationAnswerthefollowingquestions.4IntensiveReadingAReadingComprehension1Whatisthedefinitionofrailwaytransportation?2Whatisthebasictaskofrailwaypassengerservice?3Howcanthecargobesmoothlytransportedtoitsdestination?4Whatisthecorepartofrailwaytransportation?5Whatisessentialforthesafetyandsuccessofrailwaytransportation?Railwaytransportationisameansoftransportationthattransferspassengersandgoodsonwheeledvehiclesrunningonrails.Thebasictaskofrailwaypassengerserviceissatisfyingpassengers’traveldemand,providingthemwithasafejourneyduringwhichtheywon’thavetoworryaboutanything.Tosmoothlytransportthecargotoitsdestination,theworkingproceduresofeachstationonthewayshouldbeinterlinked.Trainoperationisthecorepartofrailwaytransportation.Thecorrectoperationofpassengerservice,freighttransportation,andtrainoperationisessentialforthesafetyandsuccessofrailwaytransportation.SearchtheInternetforrailwaytransportation.Talkwithapartnerabouthowthedevelopmentofrailwaytransportationhasinfluencedyourlife5IntensiveReadingAMini-projectIntensiveReadingA铁路运输是一种通过铁轨上运行的轮式车辆运送旅客和货物的运输方式。铁路运输过程中的每一个环节，如计划、组织和指挥，都属于铁路运营的工作范围。铁路运营可以分为三个不同的领域：客运服务、货运和行车组织。铁路客运服务的基本任务是满足旅客的出行需求，让旅客安全无忧地享受旅程。完成这一任务离不开一系列数据的支持，包括列车的运输能力、乘车率、客运密度等。通过对数据的客观分析，可以制定出准确的客运计划，从而使铁路客运服务更加高效、科学。铁路运输——概述IntensiveReadingA要将货物顺利运往目的地，途中各站的工作程序须环环相扣。通常，在始发站需完成货物托运、费用计算、填表和装车等工作。沿途各站的工作主要包括货物的交接检查、转制安排、重新托运和重新编组。列车到达终点站后，工作人员应确认收货、卸货、储存并交付货物。行车组织利用各种技术设备，协调整个铁路系统，为客运服务和货运提供帮助。因此，行车组织被视为铁路运输的核心部分。在中国，行车组织包括调车、做计划、组织车流和绘制运行图等多项工作。由此看来，安全、成功的铁路运营离不开客运服务、货运和行车组织。近年来，中国十分重视技术发展和铁路工人培训，使铁路运输更智能、更便捷、更舒适。铁路运输——概述12345WarmingUpIntensive

ReadingAIntensive

ReadingBPracticalReadingReadingintoChinaIntensiveReadingB1Ifyouhavetraveledbytrain,youmayhave

enjoyedtheserviceprovidedbythecrewonboard.Wearinguniformsandprovidingprofessionalservice,servicestaffmembersaimtohelppassengersarriveattheirdestinationssafely,convenientlyandcomfortably.Astheserviceontrainsincludesawiderangeoffactors,itisnecessarytolearnthecompositionofthecrewinvolvedinthisarea.Thecrewcontainsthreesubgroups:2(1)Passengertransportationcrew

Thepassengertransportationcrewconsistsofattendants,broadcasters,cateringstaff,etc.Theirdutiesinclude,butarenotlimitedto,ensuringorderandsafety,keepingtheplacecleanandtidy,tendingtotheneedsofpassengers,correctlyoperatingequipment,checkingtickets,andbroadcasting.3(2)Vehiclecrew

Inchargeoftheinspectionandmaintenanceoftheequipmentontrains,thevehiclecrewisledbytheleadersoftherollingstockdepot.Thestaffmembersregularlychecktherunningpartsofthevehicleswhentheyarriveatthestation,andpatrolatanytimewhenthetrainisinoperation,sotheycandealwithfaultsinatimelymanner.TrainCrewIntensiveReadingB4(3)Publicsecuritycrew

Thesestaffmembersdowhatthejobtitleimplies,thatis,theymaintainpublicsecurityontrains.Specificallyspeaking,theyassistinmaintainingpublicorderonboard,mediating

passengerdisputes,andprohibitingpassengersfromcarryingdangerousitemsonboard.Theydoothersecurity-relatedworktoo.5Althoughthethreesubgroupsareemployeesofdifferenttypes,theyareundertheunifiedleadershipoftheconductorwhileonthesametrain,workingjointlytoprovideservicetopassengers.6Asfortheorganizationofthetraincrew,factorssuchastraintypes,runningdistance,andreasonableuseoflaboraretakenintoaccount.Accordingtothespecificsituation,theassigningcrewsystemorthecrewpoolingsystemisadopted.TrainCrewIntensiveReadingB7Intheassigningcrewsystem,thecrewisappointedtoberesponsibleforadesignated

operationsectionandtrainnumber.Onthecontrary,inthecrewpoolingsystem,inordertoachievethecompactorganizationoftrainroutingandshifts,differentgroupsofcrewtaketurnstowork,andnocrewisassignedtoserveonadesignatedtrain.Thissystemisappliedwhenthereisalargevolumeofpassengers,andthetraintypesandmarshalingarebasicallythesame.Bothsystemshavetheiradvantagesanddisadvantages,andwhichonetoadoptdependsontheactualneedsoftheroutingplan.TrainCrew

VocabularyWordsprofessional

adj.专业的，职业的staff

n.

员工，全体职员composition

n.

组成，构成subgroup

n.

小分组，小团体attendant

n.

服务员broadcaster

n.

广播员catering

n.

餐饮服务maintenance

n.

维护，养护depot

n.

站，段patrol

v.

巡逻，巡查Wordsimply

v.

意味着，暗示mediate

v.

调停，调解dispute

n.

纠纷，争端prohibit

v.

阻止，禁止conductor

n.

列车长reasonable

adj.

合情理的designated

adj.

指派的compact

adj.

紧密的，密集的marshaling

n.

编组，调车IntensiveReadingB

VocabularyPhrasesaimtodo

力求做tendtosth

照料某物inchargeof

负责dealwith

处理onthecontrary

正相反taketurns

轮流，依次dependon

取决于Technicaltermsrollingstockdepot

车辆段assigningcrewsystem

包乘制crewpoolingsystem

轮乘制IntensiveReadingB1Choosethemeaningofthewordsaccordingtothetext.11professional—professionalserviceA.relatingtoajobthatneedsspecialeducationandtrainingB.someonewhoearnsmoneybydoingajob,sport,oractivitythatmanyotherpeopledojustforfun2patrol—patrolatanytimeA.agroupofpolice,soldiers,vehicles,planes,etc.sentouttosearchaparticularareaB.togoaroundthedifferentpartsofanareaatregulartimestocheckthatthereisnotroubleordanger3dispute—mediatingpassengerdisputesA.aseriousargumentordisagreementB.totrytogetcontrolofsomethingorwinsomething4conductor—theunifiedleadershipoftheconductorwhileonthesametrainA.someonewhostandsinfrontofagroupofmusiciansorsingersanddirectstheirplayingorsingingB.someonewhoisinchargeofatrain5compact—thecompactorganizationoftrainroutingandshiftsA.packedorputtogetherfirmlyandcloselyB.asmallflatcontainerwithamirror,containingpowderforawoman’sfaceIntensiveReadingBVocabularyandStructure1Correctthefollowingsentences.Eachsentencehasonlyonemistake.2Example:Somemineralshavecomplexchemicalcompensations.IntensiveReadingBVocabularyandStructurecompositions1Hetookacoursetolearnabouttrainmaintain.2Heisatechnicianinthemarshalyard.3Thelocalgovernmentisonchargeofrepairingroads.4Theywereheldtogethertodealuponemergency.5Thestudentsmaketurnstoanswerthequestions.maintenancemarshalinginwithtakePutthejobdescriptionsinthecorrespondingboxes.3IntensiveReadingBReadingComprehensionAchecktherunningpartsBpatrolatanytimeDchecktickets

EprohibitdangerousitemsFmeditatedisputes

Censureorderandsafety

GkeepthetraincleanandtidyHtendtopassengers’needsPassengertransportationcrewVehiclecrewPublicsecuritycrewCensureorderandsafetyDcheckticketsGkeepthetraincleanandtidyHtendtopassengers’needsAchecktherunningpartsBpatrolatanytimeEprohibitdangerousitemsFmeditatedisputes1Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F).4()1Passengertransportationcrew,vehiclecrewandpublicsecuritycrewarethethreesubgroupsoftraincrew.()2Thevehiclecrewonlyneedstochecktheequipmentoncewhenthetrainisinoperation.

()3Theconductoristheleaderofthethreesubgroupsonatrain.

()4Notraincrewisassignedtoserveonadesignatedtraininthecrewpoolingsystem.()5BoththeassigningcrewsystemandthecrewpoolingsystemwillbeappliedwhenthetraintypesarebasicallythesameIntensiveReadingBReadingComprehensionTFTTF1TranslatethefollowingEnglishsentencesintoChinese.51Specificallyspeaking,theyassistinmaintainingpublicorderonboard,mediatingpassengerdisputes,andprohibitingpassengersfromcarryingdangerousitemsonboard.2Althoughthethreesubgroupsareemployeesofdifferenttypes,theyareundertheunifiedleadershipoftheconductorwhileonthesametrain,workingjointlytoprovideservicetopassengers.IntensiveReadingBTranslation具体而言，他们帮助维持列车的公共秩序，调解旅客纠纷，禁止旅客携带危险物品上船。这三个小分组的成员虽然属于不同的员工类型，但在同一趟列车上，他们在列车长的统一领导下，共同为旅客提供服务。IntensiveReadingB如果你有过坐火车出行的经历，那你可能享受过列车乘务组提供的服务。身着制服的服务人员提供专业的服务，旨在帮助乘客安全、便捷、舒适地抵达目的地。由于列车上包含多项服务，因此有必要了解乘务组的构成。乘务组包括三个小组：(1)客运乘务组客运乘务组由乘务员、广播员、餐饮人员等组成。他们的职责包括但不限于确保列车秩序和安全、保持列车整洁、满足乘客需求、正确操作设备、检票以及广播。(2)检车乘务组检车乘务组在车辆段领导的带领下负责列车设备的检查和维护。工作人员在车辆到站后定期检查车辆的运行部位，在列车运行中随时巡视，及时处理故障。列车乘务组IntensiveReadingB(3)乘警乘务组和名字一样，乘警乘务组的工作内容即维护列车上的公共安全。具体而言，乘警乘务组帮助维持列车的公共秩序，调解旅客纠纷，禁止旅客携带危险物品上车。乘警乘务组还从事其他与安全有关的工作。这三个小组的成员虽然属于不同的员工类型，但在同一趟列车上，他们统一听从列车长的领导，共同为旅客提供服务。在组织协调乘务组时，要考虑车型、运行距离、合理用工等因素。根据具体情况，可以采用包乘制或轮乘制。列车乘务组IntensiveReadingB在包乘制中，乘务组负责指定的运行区段和编号列车。相反，在轮乘制中，为了配合排布紧凑的列车路线和班次，不同乘务组轮流工作，不指定任何乘务组为指定列车服务。轮乘制适用于客流量大、列车类型和调度基本相同的情况。这两种制度各有利弊，采用哪一种取决于线路计划的实际需要。列车乘务组12345WarmingUpIntensive

ReadingAIntensive

ReadingBPracticalReadingReadingintoChinaPracticalReadingThebatchistheunitthroughwhichtherailwayfreightrateiscalculated.Abatchofcargoesreferstocargoeswiththesametransportationrequirements,sharingoneconsignmentnoteandonefreightinvoice.Abatchofcargoesistransportedwiththesameconsignor,consignee,departurestation,receivingstation,andloadingandunloadingsite.Intermsoftypesofloads,abatchofcargoescanbedefinedasfollows:•Acaroffull-carloadcargoesisregardedasonebatch;•Cargoesloadedbymulti-flatcarloads,loadedbystackingtheheadofonecargoontotherearoftheother,orloadedbyusingintermediateflatcarsarecalledonebatch;•Less-than-carloadcargoeslistedinoneconsignmentnoteareconsideredasbeingonebatch;•Cargoesdeliveredincontainertransportationwithoneconsignmentnoteareseenasbeingonebatch.1.RequirementsforcargodeliveryinonebatchCargoesinthesamebatchshouldbepackedincontainersofthesamespecificationsandthegrossweightshouldnotexceedthefreightcar’spermissiblecarryingcapacity.Thefreightforwarder’scontainersandtheconsignor’scontainersshouldbemarkedclearlyandkeptatadistance.BatchesofCargoesPracticalReading2.RestrictionsoncargodeliveryinonebatchCargoeswithvariouspropertieshavedifferenttransportationrequirements.Toensurefreightsafety,thefollowingcargoesareprohibitedfrombeingdeliveredinonebatch:•Perishablecargoesandnon-perishablecargoes;•Dangerouscargoesandnon-dangerouscargoes(exceptasotherwisenoted);•Cargoesthatcannotbemixedduetotheirrespectiveproperties,suchasliquidcargoesandcargoeswithstrongodors,orthatshouldbekeptdry;•Value-insuredcargoesandnon-value-insuredcargoes;•Insuredcargoesandnon-insuredcargoes;•Cargoeswithdifferenttransportationconditionsandrequirements,suchasquarantinecertificates,customssupervision,andspecifictemperatures.However,underspecialcircumstances,theabovecargoescanbedeliveredinonebatchwiththepermissionofthenationalorlocalrailwayadministration.BatchesofCargoes

Vocabularybatch

n.

一批，一组stack

v.

摞起，整齐地堆起rear

n.

后部，后面intermediate

adj.

中间的，中等的pack

v.

（把……）装箱specification

n.

规格，具体说明permissible

adj.

允许的，许可的capacity

n.

容量，容积forwarder

n.

发运人perishable adj.

易腐烂的，易变质的odor n.

气味，臭味quarantine n.

检疫，隔离referto 指的是，涉及consignmentnote 发货单freightinvoice 货票grossweight 毛重PracticalReading

1Putthelettersinthecorrectordertospellthewords.1Example:BLE PER SSI MIPracticalReadingExtendedExercisePermissible1PA

TY

CI

CA12QUA

TI

RAN

NE13RI

SHA

PE

BLE14CA

SPE

FI

CI

TION15IN

ME

DI

TER

ATE1CAPACITYQUARANTINEPERISHABLESPECIFICATIONINTERMEDIATEThefollowingpicturesarebatchesofcargoesofdifferenttypes.Matchthepictureswiththepropertypesaccordingtothegiveninformation.2PracticalReadingExtendedExercise

Aloadedbymulti-flatcarloads

BloadedbystackingtheheadofonecargoontotherearoftheotherCloadedbyusingintermediateflatcarsPracticalReading

批次是计算铁路运费的单位。一批货物是指具有相同运输要求、共用一张发货单和一张货票的货物。一批货物的发货人、收货人、始发站、接收站和装卸地点都相同。就货物类型而言，一批货物可定义如下：一车满载的货物视为一批；多个平车装载的货物、车头与车尾叠放的货物或使用中间平车装载的货物视为一批；一张发货单中列出的零担货物视为一批；一张发货单中以集装箱运输方式交付的货物视为一批。一、同一批货物的交付要求同一批货物应装在规格相同的集装箱内，毛重不得超过货运车辆的允许载重量。转运公司的集装箱与收货人的集装箱应标识清楚，并保持一定距离。货物批次PracticalReading

二、同一批货物的交付限制不同性质的货物有不同的运输要求。为确保货运安全，禁止以下货物同批交付：·易腐货物和非易腐货物；·危险货物和非危险货物（除非另有说明）；·因各自特性而不能混装的货物，如液体货物与有强烈气味的货物，或与应保持干燥的货物；·保值货物和非保值货物；·投保货物和非投保货物；·有不同运输条件和要求的货物，如对检疫证书、海关监管、特定温度有要求的货物。但在特殊情况下，经国家或地方铁路管理部门批准，上述货物也可同批交付。货物批次12345WarmingUpIntensive

ReadingAIntensive

ReadingBPracticalReadingReadingintoChinaReadingintoChina1ZhanTianyou,bornin1861inGuangzhou,was

apione