上海高考英语卷(精校)

PAGEPAGE62014年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语试卷第I卷(共103分)I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.A.Apolicewoman. B.Ajudge. C.Areporter. D.Awaitress.A.Confident. B.Puzzled. C.Satisfied. D.Worried.A.Atarestaurant. B.Atacarrentalagency.C.Inabank. D.Inadrivingschool.A.Adisaster. B.Anewroof. C.Aperformance. D.ATVstation.A.Catchthetrain. B.MeetJane.C.Getsomestationery. D.Cleanthebackyard.A.Askforsomethingcheaper. B.Buythevaseshereallylikes.C.Protectherselffrombeinghurt. D.Bargainwiththeshopassistant.A.Useacomputerinthelab. B.Takeachemistrycourse.C.Helphimrevisehisreport. D.Gethercomputerrepaired.A.Amused. B.Embarrassed. C.Shocked. D.Sympathetic.A.Shedoesn’tplantocontinuestudyingnextyear.B.Shehasalreadytoldthemanaboutherplan.C.Sheisn’tplanningtoleaveheruniversity. D.Sherecentlyvisitedadifferentuniversity.A.Itspokehighlyofthemayor. B.Itmisinterpretedthemayor’sspeech.C.Itmadethemayor’sviewclearer. D.Itcarriedthemayor’sspeechaccurately.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassages,andyouwillbeaskedthreequestionsoneachofthepassages.Thepassageswillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.A.70 B.20 C.25. D.A.Thehousestherecan’tbesold. B.Itisaplaceforworkandholiday. C.Thecabinsandfacilitiesareshared. D.Itisrunbytheresidentsthemselves.A.Askiingresort. B.Aspecialcommunity. C.Asplendidmountain. D.Asuccessfulbusinesswoman.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingnews.A.Thosewhooftensenttextmessages. B.Thosewhosufferedfromheartdisease. C.Thosewhodidnophysicalexercise. D.ThosewhowereunmarriedA.Theyrespondedmoreslowlythanusual. B.Theysentmoremessages. C.Theytyped10percentfasteronaverage. D.Theyeditedmorepassages.A.Whychemicaltherapyworks. B.Whymarriagehelpsfightcancer. C.Howunmarriedpeoplesurvivecancer. D.Howcancerisdetectedaftermarriage.SectionCDirections:InSectionC,youwillheartwolongerconversations.Theconversationswillbereadtwice.Afteryouheareachconversation,youarerequiredtofillinthenumberedblankswiththeinformationyouhaveheard.Writeyouranswersonyouranswersheet.Blanks17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Completetheform.WriteONEWORDforeachanswer.Travellers’SurveySheetTravelpurpose:fora(n)17Commentsontheairportenvironment/facilities:Likes:•18•19walkwaysDislikes:•20shops•smalltrolleysBlanks21through24arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Completetheform.WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.Whatiscriticalthinkinginreading?Assessingthewriter’sideasandthinkingaboutthe21ofwhatthewriterissaying.Whatisthefirststepinreadinganacademictextcritically?Findingouttheargumentandthewriter’smainlineof

22.Whatmayserveastheevidence?23,surveyresults,examples,etc.Whatisthekeytocriticalthinking?Toreadactivelyand24.II.GrammarandvocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagesbelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.(A)MyStayinNewYorkAftergraduationfromuniversity,Ihadbeenunabletosecureapermanentjobinmysmalltown.SoIdecidedtoleavehomeforNewYork,(25)______Imighthaveabetterchancetofindagoodjob.(26)______(earn)somemoneytopaythedailyexpenses,Istartedworkinalocalcaféasawaiter.Ibelievethat(27)__________________Iwasofferedagoodposition,Iwouldresignatonce.Overtime,thehighcostoflivingbecamealittleburdenonmyalready(28)______(exhaust)shoulder.Ontheotherhand,mysearchforarespectablejobhadnotmetwithmuchsuccess.AsIhadstudiedliteratureatuniversity,Ifounditquitedifficulttosecureasuitablejobinbigcompanies.Motherhadjustsaidthat(29)______Iwanttohaveabettercareeradvancement,Ihadtofindworkinthecity.Perhaps(30)______mymotherhadtoldmewasdeeplyrootedinmymind.Ijustdidasshehadexpected.SoonIhadlivedinthecityforoversixmonthsbutIstilldidnotlikeit.Apparently,Ihaddifficulty(31)______(adapt)myselftolifeinthecity,letalonefindingajobtomydelight.Afterninemonthsoffrustration,Ieventuallydecidedtogobacktomysmalltown.NotuntilIreturned(32)______Irealizethataquiettownlifewasthebestforme.(B)Let’ssayyouwanttohitthegymmoreregularlythisyear.Howdoyoumakethathappen?Considerputtingthehabitlooptouse.Here’showitworks:Ahabitisa3-stepprocess.First,there’sacue,somethingthattellsyourbraintooperateautomatically.Thenthere’saroutine.Andfinally,areward,whichhelpsyourbrainlearntodesirethebehavior.It’swhatyoucanusetocreate—orbreak—habitsofyourown.Here’showtoapplyit:Chooseacue,likeleavingyourrunningshoesbythedoor,thenpickareward—say,apieceofchocolatewhenyougethomefromthegym.Thatway,thecueandtherewardbecomeinterconnected.Finally,whenyouseetheshoes,yourbrainwillstartlongingforthereward,whichwillmakeiteasiertoworkoutdayafterday.Thebestpart?Inacoupleofweeks,youwon’tneedthechocolateatall.Yourbrainwillcometoseetheworkoutitselfasthereward.Whichisthewholepoint,right?Whichofthefollowingbestfitsintheboxwitha“?”inTHEHABITLOOP?A.Pickanewcue. B.Formanewhabit.C.Chooseanewreward. D.Designanewresolution.AccordingtoTHEHABITLOOP,youcansticktoyourplanmosteffectivelyby_______.A.changingtheroutine B.tryingitforaweekC.adjustingyourgoal D.writingitdownWhat’sthepurposeofputtingthehabitlooptouse?A.Totestoutdifferentkindsofcues. B.Todosomethingasahabitevenwithoutrewards.C.ToworkoutthebestNewYear’sresolution. D.Tomotivateyourselfwithsatisfactoryrewards.“ThisyearwhenIseetheHarryPotterposter,Iwillread30pagesofanEnglishnoveloranEnglishnewspaperinordertowatchTVforhalfanhour.”Whatisthecueinthisresolution?A.TheHarryPotterposter. B.Reading30pagesofanEnglishnovel.C.AnEnglishnewspaper. D.WatchingTVforhalfanhour.(C)Ifyoucouldbeanybodyintheworld,whowoulditbe?Yourneighbourorasuperstar?Afewpeoplehaveexperiencedwhatitmightbeliketostepintotheskinofanotherperson,thankstoanunusualvirtualreality(虚拟现实)device.RikkeWahl,anactress,modelandartist,wasoneoftheparticipantsinabodyswappingexperimentattheBeAnotherlab,aprojectdevelopedbyagroupofartistsbasedinBarcelona.Sheswappedwithherpartner,anactor,usingamachinecalledTheMachinetoBeAnotherandtemporarilybecameaman.“AsIlookeddown,Isawmywholebodyasaman,dressedinmypartner’spants,”shesaid.“That’sthepictureIrememberbest.”Theset-upisrelativelysimple.Bothuserswearavirtualrealityheadsetwithacameraonthetop.Thevideofromeachcameraissenttotheotherperson,sowhatyouseeistheexactviewofyourpartner.Ifshemovesherarm,youseeit.Ifyoumoveyourarm,sheseesit.Togetusedtoseeinganotherperson’sbodywithoutactuallyhavingcontrolofit,participantsstartbyraisingtheirarmsandlegsveryslowly,sothattheothercanfollowalong.Eventually,thiskindofslowsynchronized(同步的)movementbecomescomfortable,andparticipantsreallystarttofeelasthoughtheyarelivinginanotherperson’sbody.Usingsuchtechnologypromisestoalterpeople’sbehaviourafterwards—potentiallyforthebetter.Studieshaveshownthatvirtualrealitycanbeeffectiveinfightingracism—thebias(偏见)thathumanshaveagainstthosewhodon’tlookorsoundlikethem.ResearchersattheUniversityofBarcelonagavepeopleaquestionnairecalledtheImplicitAssociationTest,whichmeasuresthestrengthofpeople’sassociationsbetween,forinstance,blackpeopleandadjectivessuchasgood,bad,athleticorawkward.Thentheyaskedthemtocontrolthebodyofadarkskinneddigitalcharacterusingvirtualrealityglasses,beforetakingthetestagain.Thistime,theparticipants’biasscoreswerelower.Theideaisthatonceyou’ve“putyourselfinanother’sshoes”you’ThecreatorsofTheMachinetoBeAnotherhopetoachieveasimilarresult.“Attheendofbodyswapping,peoplefeellikeholdingeachotherintheirarms,”saysArthurPointeau,aprogrammerwiththeproject.“It’sareallynicewaytohavethiskindofexperience.Iwouldreally,reallyrecommendittoeveryone.”Theword“swapping”(paragraph1)isclosestinmeaningto_______.A.building B.exchanging C.controlling D.transplantingWecaninferfromtheexperimentattheBeAnotherlabthat_______.A.ourfeelingsarerelatedtoourbodilyexperience B.wecanlearntotakecontrolofotherpeople’sbodiesC.participantswilllivemorepassionatelyaftertheexperimentD.TheMachinetoBeAnothercanhelppeoplechangetheirsexesIntheImplicitAssociationTest,beforetheparticipantsusedvirtualrealityglassestocontroladarkskinneddigitalcharacter,_______.A.theyfoughtstronglyagainstracism B.theyscoredloweronthetestforracismC.theychangedtheirbehaviourdramatically D.theyweremorebiasedagainstthoseunlikethemItcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat_______.A.technologyhelpspeoplerealizetheirdreams B.ourbiasescouldbeeliminatedthroughexperimentsC.virtualrealityhelpspromoteunderstandingamongpeopleD.ourpointsofviewaboutothersneedchangingconstantlySectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.Moreandmorecorporationsaretakinganinterestincorporatesocialresponsibility(CSR).CSRismadeupofthreebroadlayers.Themostbasicistraditionalcorporatecharitywork.Companiestypicallyspendabout1%ofpre-taxprofitsonworthyprojects.Butmanyfeelthatsimplywritingchequestocharitiesisnolongerenough.Insomecompanies,shareholderswanttoknowthattheirmoneyisbeingputtogooduse,andemployeeswanttobeactivelyinvolvedingoodworks.Moneyaloneisnottheanswerwhencompaniescomeunderattackfortheirbehavior.HencethesecondlayerofCSR,whichisabranchofriskmanagement.Startinginthe1980s,withenvironmentaldisasterssuchastheexplosionatBhopalandtheExxonValdezoilspill,industryafterindustryhassufferedblowstoitsreputation.So,companiesoftenrespondedbytryingtomanagetherisks.Theytalktonon-governmentalorganisations(NGOs)andtogovernments,createcodesofconduct(行为准则)anddevotethemselvestomoretransparency(透明)intheiroperations.Increasingly,too,they,alongwiththeircompetitors,setcommonrulestospreadrisks.Allthisislargelydefensive,buttherearealsoopportunitiesforthosethatgetaheadofthegame.TheemphasisonopportunityisthethirdlayerofCSR:theideathatitcanhelptocreatevalue.Ifapproachedinastrategicway,CSRcouldbecomepartofacompany’scompetitiveadvantage.Thatisjustthesortofthingchiefexecutivesliketohear.Theideaof“doingwellbydoinggood”hasbecomepopular.Nevertheless,thebusinessoftryingtobegoodisbringingdifficultquestionstoexecutives.CanyoumeasureCSRperformance?ShouldyoubecooperatingwithNGOsandwithyourcompetitors?Isthereanyreallycompetitiveadvantagetobehadfromagreenstrategy?Corporatesocialresponsibilityisnowseenasamainstream.Bigcompanieswanttotelltheworldabouttheirgoodcitizenshipwiththeirdevotiontosocialresponsibilities.Donebadly,CSRisoftenjustwindow-dressingandcanbepositivelyharmful.Donewell,though,itisnotsomeseparateactivitythatcompaniesdoontheside,acornerofcorporatelifereservedforvirtue(美德):itisjustgoodbusiness.(Note:AnswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinNOMORETHANTENWORDS)Both_____________insomecompaniesfinditnolongerenoughtosimplydonatemoneytocharities.Giveoneexampleofthedefensivemeasuresofriskmanagementaccordingtothepassage.Withtheemphasisonopportunity,thethirdlayerofCSRismeantto___________________________.Accordingtothepassage,“goodbusiness”(paragraph6)meansthatcorporations________whilemakingprofits.第II卷(共47分)I.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.我习惯睡前听点轻音乐。(accustomed)将来过怎样的生活取决于你自己。(beupto)没有什么比获准参加太空旅行项目更令人兴奋的了。(than)家长嘱咐孩子别在河边嬉戏，以免遭遇不测。(forfear)虽然现代社会物资丰富，给予消费者更多的选择，但也使不少人变成购物狂。(turn)II.GuidedWritingDirections:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.学校英语报正在酝酿改版，拟从现有的三个栏目（健康、娱乐、文化）中去除一个，并从三个备选栏目（时尚、职业规划、读者反馈）中挑选一个纳入该报。假设你是该校学生程飞，给校报编辑写一封电子邮件，表达你的观点。邮件须包括以下内容：1.你建议去除的栏目及去除的理由；2.你建议增加的栏目及增加的理由。

上海英语参考答案及听力文字第I卷01-05.ADBAB 06-10.DACCB 11-13.CDB 14-16.CAB17.conference 18.daylight 19.moving 20.overcrowded21.implicationsandconclusions 22.reasoning 23.Figures 24.keepquestioning25.where 26.Toearn 27.assoonas/aslongas 28.exhausted29.if 30.what 31.adapting 32.did33.an 34.isequipped 35.which 36.myself37.moreappropriate 38.hasforced 39.urging 40.to41-45.GCIFE 46-50.BKJAH51-55.CBADA 56-60.BCDAC 61-65.DDBBC66-69.DBAA 70-73.CDBA 74-77.BADCshareholdersandemployeesCompaniestalktonon-governmentalorganisations(NGOs)andtogovernments./Companiescreatecodesofconduct./Companiesdevotethemselvestomoretransparencyintheiroperations./Companiessetcommonruleswiththeircompetitorstospreadrisks.createvaluetakesocialresponsibilities第II卷I.TranslationI’maccustomedtolisteningtosomelightmusicbeforesleep.It’suptoyouwhatkindoflifeyouwillleadinthefuture.Thereisnothingmoreexcitingthanbeingallowedtotakepartinthespacetravelprogram.Parentsasktheirkidsnottoplaybytheriverforfearthatsomethingterriblemighthappen.Whilemodernsociety,richinmaterialresources,hasgivenconsumersmorechoices,italsoturnsmanyofthemintocrazyshoppers.II.GuidedWriting(Omitted)ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InsectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationandthequestionwillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.W:WhatcanIdoforyou,sir?M:Iwanttoreportatheft.Mybriefcasewasstolen.Q:Whoismostprobablythewoman?W:Youwilltakecare,won’tyou?Theroadsareveryveryicy.M:Iwilldriveveryslowly.Ipromise.Q:Howdoesthewomanfeel?M:Morning,Ihaveareservation.ThenameisBlakeSmith.W:OK.We’vegotanicecaralready.Ineedtoseeyourdriver’slicenseandyourcreditcard.Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?W:CCTVisreportinganenormousfloodingnow!Lookatthosepeopleontheroof.M:Ihopeitdoesn’tcausetoomuchdamage.Q:Whatarethosetwospeakerstalkingabout?W:Wouldyoupleasehelpmecleanthebackyardtoday?M:Sure.IampickingJaneupfromtherailwaystationat3,butIwillhelpyouassoonasIgetback.Q:Whatwillthemandofirst?W:Thevaseisamazing!Butit’sabitmorethanIwanttospend.M:Maybeyoucangetabetterpriceandcan’thurttoask.Q:Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomendo?W:Mycomputer’sbrokendown.CouldIuseyourstowriteachemistrypaper?M:Sorry,Iaminthemiddleofrevisingmyreport.Youknowthecomputerlabisstillopen.Q:Whatdoesthemanimplythewomenshoulddo?W:I’vedeclinedtheiroffertoexhibitsomeofmypaintingsinthisgallery.M:Areyoukidding?AnyartstudentIknowwoulddietohaveanexhibitionhere.Q:Howdoesthemanfeelonhearingthewoman’sdecision?M:Youarenotplanningtotransfertoadifferentuniversitynextyear,areyou?W:IfIwere,you’dbethefirstonetoknow.Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?M:Didyoureadtheeditorialinthenewspaperaboutthemayor’sspeech?M:Isuredid.ButIthinktheytwistedthemeaningofwhathesaid.Q:Whatdoesthemansayoftheeditorial?SectionBDirections:InsectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassages,andyouwillbeaskedthreequestionsoneachofthepassages.Thepassageswillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.About70milesnortheastofVancouverisoneofCanada’smostbeautifultouristregions.Visitorscometoenjoyfishing,skiingorthesplendidmountainscenery.Over20yearsago,ChristyBone,asuccessfulbusinesswoman,camehereandfoundedthisParadiseRidge,acabinpark.Shesaid,“Iwantedtolivesomewherewhereeverybodyknowseverybodyelseandallyourproblemsareshared.”ParadiseRidgeisnowhometo25families.Eachfamilyownstheirownsmallcabin.Buttheysharetheownershipoftheparkandthecommonfacilities.Thisisareallivingcommunity,andresidentsaren’tallowedtousetheircabinasaholidayhome.TheheartoftheParadiseRidgecommunityisalargehouse.Sharedmealstakeplacethreetimesaweek,andonceamonththere’sameetingwhenimportantdecisionsaremade.Familiescanselltheirhomesiftheywanttoleave,butthewholecommunitymustvoteonnewfamiliesbeforetheyareallowedtojoin.“Keepingthecommunitytogetherishardwork”saysChristy,“Everybodyhastotakeresponsibilityfortheday-to-dayrunningofthecommunity,butitseemsthatthereisnoshortageofthefamilieswhowanttojoin.Thereare75onthewaitinglist.HowmanyfamiliesarelivinginParadiseRidgenow?WhatisspecialofParadiseRidge?Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingnews.It’s3p.m.,timefornewsfromtheWorldofMedicine.Doessittingmakeyousad?Australianresearchersfoundthatmiddle-agedwomenwhosatforover7hoursadaywere47percentmorelikelytoshowsenseofdepressionthanthosewhosatfor4hoursorfewer.Thosewhoengagedinnophysicalactivitywere26percentmorelikelytohavesymptomsofdepression3yearslaterthanthosewhoexerciseregularly.Sittingforlongperiodshasalsobeenlinkedtoheartdisease.Howcanyoudetectaliarthroughtextmessage?Watchforadelayedresponse.Whencollegestudentswereaskedtotellalieduringaninterviewwithacomputer,theytook10percentlongeronaveragetosendamessageandtheydidmoreeditingthanusual.Canmarriagebeatcancer?Marriedpeoplewere20percentlesslikelytodiefromthediseasethanthosewhowereunmarried,accordingtoaHarvardstudyofmorethan730,000people.Theywerealsomorelikelytogetthediseasedetectedatanearlierstageandreceivepropertreatment.Ahusbandorwifecanurgeyoutoseekmedicalhelpandsupportyouduringtoughchemicaltherapy,radiatio