虚拟语气考点一览

虚拟语气考点一览【14考点】1】IfI+V-ed,Iwould...结构：If„+过去式动词…，主词+过去式助动词（would/should等）＋原形动词说明：这是与现在事实相反的假设句型。if（子句）中的（be）（动词），不论（主词）为第几人称，一律用were，were可置于主词前面，而省略if。过去式（助动词）除用should（用于第一人称）、would（用于第二、三人称）外，还可用不分人称的could，might和oughtto，它们与＜动词＞原形结合起来构成（假设语气）。IfIknewhisaddress,Icouldwritetohim.如果我知道他的住址，我会写信给他。WereIrichenough,Iwouldbuyasportscar如果我有足够的钱,我就买一辆赛车了【2】IfIhadV-ed,Iwouldhave...结构：If„had+过去分词…，主词+would/should等+have+过去分词说明：这是与过去事实相反的假设〈句型〉。if〈子句〉要用〈过去完成式〉，〈主要子句〉则要用过去式〈助动词〉（would,should,oughtto,might，could）+have+过去〈分词〉。if〈子句〉中的had可置于〈主词〉前面，而省略If。IfIhadseenhim,Iwouldhavetoldhimthetruth.如果我当时看见他，我会告诉他实情。HadIproposedtoyou,wouldyouhavemarriedme?我要是当年向你求婚，你会答应嫁给我吗?【3】IfIhadV-ed,Iwouldhave...结构：If„had+过去分词…，主词+would/should等+have+过去分词说明：这是与过去事实相反的假设〈句型〉。if〈子句〉要用〈过去完成式〉，〈主要子句〉则要用过去式〈助动词〉（would，should，oughtto,might，could）+have+过去〈分词〉。if〈子句〉中的had可置于〈主词〉前面，而省略If。IfIhadseenhim,Iwouldhavetoldhimthetruth.如果我当时看见他，我会告诉他实情。IcouldhavefinishedthetaskifIhadhadmoretime.如果当时我能有多一点时间，我就能完成这项任务。【4】IfIhadV-ed,Iwould...结构：If„had+过去分词…，主词+would/should等+原形动词+now/today说明：这是〈时态〉不一致时的假设〈句型〉，亦称混合假设条件句。即：if〈子句〉若与过去事实相反，用〈过去完成式〉表示；而〈主要子句〉若与现在事实相反，则用过去式〈助动词〉表示。此类〈主要子句〉句尾通常有表现在的〈时间副词〉，如now，today等。Ifhehadworkedharderwhenyoung,hewouldbewelloffnow如果他年轻时多努力一点，现在就能过得舒服些。IfIhadbeenrichtenyearsago,Icouldbuythathousetoday.如果十年前我有钱，今天我就能买下那栋房子了。【5】虚拟语气用于wish后的宾语从句表示与现在或过去的事实相反、或对将来的主观愿望，从句中通常省略that。从句中虚拟语气的表现形式为：主语+wish(that)+(从句)主语+动词过去式—表达现在的愿望动词过去完成式―表达过去的愿望过去式助动词+原形动词―表示未来的愿望--IwishIweretwentyyearsyounger.--Shewishesthatsheknewhisaddress.--Iwishshehadtakenyouradvice.--Hewishestherainwouldstopsoon.【6】IfIshould...,Iwould...结构：If„should…，…would/should等+原形动词说明：这是表示与未来事实相反的假设〈句型〉，if〈子句〉要用〈助动词〉should,译成“万一”。should可置于〈主词〉前，将if省略。〈主要子句〉的〈助动词〉则视可能性做变化：若可能性低，则为过去式，若可能性高，则为现在式。should可以提前，而将if省略。Ifheshouldcome,Iwouldtellhimthetruth.万一他来，我会把真相告诉他。Shouldtheboycomeagain,Iwouldthrowhimout.要是那男孩在来，我就把他撵出去。【7】IfIwereto...,I...结构：If„wereto…，…would/should等+原形动词说明：这也是表示与未来状况相反的假设〈句型〉，与“if...should,...”大致相同，但“if...wereto”所表示的可能性更低，通常用以表示“与真理相反”的（假设语气）。Ifthesunweretoriseinthewest,hewouldpasstheexam.要是太阳从西边出来，他就会通过考试－－他不可能通过考试。【8】Ifitwerenotfor...结构：ifitwerenotfor+名词/子句，主词+would/should等+原形动词…说明：此句型意为“若非（有）…”。此类句构专门用于表示与现在事实相反的〈假设语气〉。亦可用“butfor+〈名词〉”或“without+〈名词〉”代替。were可以提前，省略ifButforyouradvice,Ishouldhavefailed.要不是你的忠告，我会失败的。Butformusic（=Wereitnotformusic）,lifewouldbedull.要不是音乐，人生会很无聊。【9】Ifithadnotbeenfor...结构：ifithadnotbeenfor+名词/子句，主词+would/should等+原形动词…说明：此句型意为“若非(有)…”。此类句构专门用于表示与过去事实相反的＜假设语气＞。Ifithadnotbeenforhishelp,Ishouldhavefailed.如果没有他的帮忙，我应该已经失败。Haditnotbeenforthekindguide,Imighthavegotlostinthemountains.要不是这位好心的向导，我可能就在山中迷路了。【10】Idemand/insistthat...结构：主词1+意志动词(demand/insist等)+(that)+主词2+(should)+原形动词说明：意志〈动词〉有四类：建议(suggest,recommend,propose,advise,urge等),要求(desire,ask,demand,require,request,maintain,insist等),命令(order,command等),规定(rule,regulate,stipulate等)。其后接that-＜子句〉时，该〈子句〉里的〈动词〉要用原形或“should+＜动词〉”。美式英语通常省略should。Thecommitteemovedthatthemeeting(should)beadjourned.委员提议休会。Hisparentsdemandedthathe(should)bebackbyten.他的父母要求他十点以前回家。Theemployeesdemandthattheirsalariesberaised.员工们要求加薪。【11】Itisproper...that...该句型表示“当然、应该、必要、适当”之意结构：Itis+意志形容词(important等)+(that)+主词+(should)+原形动词说明：意志＜形容词＞包括important，necessary，imperative，essential，urgent，desirable，advisable，recommendable，proper等。that-＜子句〉中只能用〈助动词〉should,不可用must,而should往往予以省略。Itisnecessarythathe(should)sortouttheinformationformyreference.他有必要整理些资料供我参考。Itisimportantthathebequiet.他该保持安静是有必要的。【12】Ifonly+V-ed结构：Ifonly+过去式/过去完成式说明：此句型意为“要是„就好了。”用过去式,表示与现在事实相反；若用〈过去完成式〉,则表示与过去事实相反。IfonlyIhadarichfather.要是我有个有钱的爸爸就好了。Ifonlyhehadbeenhere.要是他当时在这儿就好了。【13】虚拟语气在itistimethat…句型中的应用该句型表示早该做而未做的事情。其表达形式为：Itistime+(that)+(从句)主语+were或过去式动词Itisabouttime、Itishightime--Ithinkit'stime(that)theystoppedthispractice.--Itishightime(that)youwenttobed.【14】虚拟语气用在wouldrather(sooner),would(just)assoon,hadrather后的that从句中该句型表示希望或婉转的责备。从句中的谓语虚拟形式为：主语+would(had)rather,would(just)assoon,wouldsooner+(that)+从句主语+动词过去式—表示与现在或将来事实相反/动词过去完成式—表示与过去事实相反--Iwouldrathertheycametomorrow.――IcouldgomyselfbutIwouldsooneryouwent.(我自己也能去，但我宁愿你去。)绝对答案词汇400(单选、完型)A---开头的答案词汇(39个)arouse/ariseadjust/adopt/adaptaccountforhaveaccesstohaveinsightintobeabsorbedin

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asidefrom/apartfromassembleassociatewithassuresbattachimportancetoattempttodoattendtotouristattractionattitudeto/towardattributetoavailableavoiddoingheisawake/wakeupbeawareof293031323334353637383940414243awkward/clumsy中译英必备句型60（1-13）1、老实说。。。/不用说。。。/更不用说。。。/更糟糕的是。。。Totellthetruth,Idon'tagreetoyourplan.Needlesstosay,Iwillsupportyourproposal.HecannotspeakEnglish,tosaynothingofFrench.Heisstupid.Tomakematterworse,herefusestoworkhard.2、与„„有关/与„„颇有关系/与„„几乎无关/于—无关Thisweatherhasnothingtodowithyourillness.One'sfuturehasmuchtodowithone'seffort.Thisbusinesshassomethingtodowiththegeneralmanager.Hissuccesshaslittlewiththegoodluck.3、过去做某事usedtodo4、梦想做„„dreamofdoingsth5、总是做某事keepdoingsth6、倘若让我来做„„ifitwerelefttometodo7、要不是„„Ifithadnotbeenforhishelp,Iwouldhavefoundmyselfintrouble.Butfor/withouthishelp,„„8、显然/显而易见itisobvious/apparentthat9、很可能itismostlikelythat10、 当谈论到 whenitcomesto/speakingof11、 有证据表明„„thereisevidencethat12、看，听，感觉（see,notice,hear,feel【1】关于when的一个特殊用法，用来表示突然发生的事情，具有“正当„„的时候，突然”的意思。Iwaswalkinghomewhenitbegantorain.Iwasabouttogotosleepwhentherewasaknockonthewindow.【2】Before的两个句型1） notlong+before二不久就2）时间/次数+before= （之后）才Itwasn'tlongbeforehetolduseverything.他不久就把事情都告诉了我们。Wehadn'twaitedlongbeforehecame.我们没等多久他就来了。Itwouldbemonthsbeforehewasfitforwork.他几个月后才能上班。Iknockedthreetimesbeforesheopenedthedoor.我敲了三次门她才把门打开。3】Themoment,theinstant,thesecond,immediately,directly这些词语有时可以引出一个时间状语，它们的意思和assoonas差不多。IrecognizedyouthemomentIsawyou。Ileftimmediatelytheclockstrucktwelve。【4】当我们谈论当前正在进行，而以后某一时间将停止的事情或情况时，用until或till（直到……时为止。Till多用于口语，在句首时要用until。Pleasewaituntil/tillIcome。Peopledon'tknowthevalueofhealthuntiltheyloseit。UntilIseeTomIcan'tsaydefinitely。Notuntil经常连在一起用，它只可以放在句首，或用于强调句型。Notuntilthechildfellasleepdidthemotherleavetheroom.Itwasnotuntilthechildfellasleepthatthemotherlefttheroom.【5】Hardly/scarcely„when*nosooner…than这两个句型的意思一样。注意：主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。如果将其中的否定词用于句首，主语和动词要倒装。Ihadhardly/scarcelysatdownwhenhesteppedin.Hardly/scarcelyhadIsatdownwhenhesteppedin.Wehadnosoonersetoutthanastormbroke.Nosoonerhadwesetoutthanastormbroke.【6】Inthat有限定的意味，意味着由于某一方面的原因二forthereasonthat理论之所以有价值，在于他能给实践指出方向。Theoryisvaluableinthatitcanprovideadirectionforpractice.【7】So+形容词或副词+that引导的状语从句表示结果，有时候我们可以把so连同形容词或副词移到句首，这是它后面的主语和动词要倒装。ThecoffeeissohotthatIcannotdrinkit.ThewalkedsofastthatIcouldnotkeepupwiththem.SotiredwasIthatIcouldhardlykeepmyeyesopen.【8】Such+不定冠词+名次+that引导的状语从句表示结果。Hewasinsuchahurrythatheforgothishat.Itwassuchafoggydaythatwecouldhardlyseetheroad.【9】Forfearthat/lest都有“唯恐”，“免得”等意思，从句中的动词常常和should连用。Heisworkinghardforfearthatheshouldfail.Shutthewindowforfearthatitshouldrain.Bequietlestyoushouldwakethebaby.【10】Unless常用于否定句中，意思是if not（除非 否则就不）Iwon'twriteunlesshewritesfirst.=ifhedoesn'twritefirstYouwillfailunlessyouworkhard.=ifyoudo'ntworkhard.【11】Provided/providing,as/solongas/onconditionthat含义大体上一样，表示：倘若，只要Iwilllendyouthemoney,providingyoupayitbackintwoweeks.Youcangooutaslongasyoupromisetobebackbefore10'oclock.【12】incase（以防）可以在谈论预防措施时用，它之后可跟should，表示事情发生的可能性较小。You'dbettertakewarmclothesincaseitgetscold.Keepthewindowclosedincaseitrains/shouldrain.IncaseofInthecaseofIncase还可以表示“万一”偶然情况。IncaseIforget,pleaseremindmeofit.IncaseyouneedanymoneyIcanlendyousome.【13】Eventhough/evenif含义相同，语气比though/although更强，常翻译成“即使”，“纵使”Eventhoughitwascold,Iwentswimm