非谓语动词语法讲解

非谓语动词语法讲解一、非谓语动词的概念动词的基本用法是作谓语。当句中已经有了谓语动词了，要选或要填的动词就只能用非谓语形式了。非谓语形式有三种：1、动词不定式：todo2、动词的ing:doing3、 动词的过去分词：done、三种形式的含义（基本用法）不定式：表示目的和将来；动词的ing：表示主动和进行；过去分词：表示被动和完成。三、非谓语动词的时态和语态完成式 进行式tohavedonetobedoingtohavebeendone完成式 进行式tohavedonetobedoingtohavebeendonehavingdonehavingbeendone不定式主动被动ing形式主动被动过去分词被动todotobedonedoingbeingdonedone即not/nevertodo,not/neverdoing即not/nevertodo,not/neverdoing五、 非谓语动词的复合结构不定式的复合结构：for/ofsb.todosth.动词ing形式的复合结构：宾格或所有格+doing（-ing形式作主语时，用的所有格+doing）六、非谓语动词的做题步骤1、 判定是否用非谓语形式。方法：看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了2、 找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。方法：非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。3、 判断主被动关系。方法：非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。4、 判断时间关系。方法：分析句子，看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时。之前常用done;之后常用todo;同时常用doing.学习非谓语形式时，建议把三种形式一起来比较学习，会更加有效一些。一、非谓语动词作主语和表语的比较1、 不定式和动名词作主语和表语不定式表示一次性的、具体的动词。动词ing常表示一般的、泛指的或习惯性的动作。如：isagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold.A.ThewalkB.WalkingC.TowalkD.Walk（分析）agoodform暗示泛指一般的行为，用动名词作主语，选B不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，即用句型：Itis+adj./n.+（for/ofsb.）todosth.It’simportantforustolearnEnglishwell.It’skindofyoutohelpus.注意：下面几个句型是用动名词：It’snogood/usedoingsth.It’suselessdoingsth.Thereisnoneedtodosth.2、 不定式、动名词、分词作表语的比较1、 不定式、动名词作表语，.表示主语的内容。如：Myjobisteaching/toteachEnglish.（teaching/toteachEnglish是myjob的内容）Knowingwhowearemeansknowingwhatweliketodo. （主表语要用同一种形式）2、 分词作表语记住：一些表示情感、情绪的动词，常用分词形式作表语。现在分词表示主语的性质特征，

用过去分词表示主语的状态。常用动词：surprise（使某人吃惊），surprising（令人吃惊），surprised（主语）感到吃惊）类似动词有：excite（激动），astonish（惊奇），shock（震惊），scare（惊恐），disappoint（失望），move（感动），如：Themovieisexciting.Weareexcitedatthenews.3、 在seem/appear（似乎，好像），prove/turnout（被证明是），remain（仍然是，尚彳寺）等连系动词后，可用不定式作表语。如：Heseemed（tobe）veryhappy.非谓语动词练习题精选Shepretended mewhenIpassedby.A.nottoseeB.notseeingC.tonotsee D.havingnotseen-Haveyoudecidedwhen?-Yes,tomorrowmorning.A.toleave B.tobeleavingC.willyouleave D.areyouleavingLastsummerItookacourseon .A.howtomakedresses B.howtobemadedressedC.howdressesbemade D.howdressestobemadeMr.Smithwarnedhisdaughter afterdrinking.A.toneverdrive B.neverdrivingC.nevertodrive D.neverdriveTheyknewherverywell.Theyhadseenher upfromchildhood.A.grow B.grew C.wasgrowing D.togrowJohnwasmade thetruckforaweekasapunishment.A.washing B.towash C.wash D.tobewashingThechairlooksratherhard,butinfactitisverycomfortableto .A.sit B.siton C.besatD.besaton8.Itiseasythesequestions.A.answer B.tobeansweredC.foranswering D.forhertoanswer9.iseasierthandoing.A.TotalkB.TalkC.TalkingD.TalksDon'tforget yourlawyerthisweekend.A.meeting B.tomeetC.havingmet D.metIamafraidIforget youbefore.A.tomeetB.meetingC.meetD.metMypenisratherold,butitisallrightformeto .A.writeB.writewith C.bewritten D.bewrittenwithHedoesn'tknowA.ifB.eitherHedoesn'tknowA.ifB.eitherThedoctoradvisesC.whetherD.ifhewilllessand moreexercise.A.toeat;totakeB.eating;totakeC.eating;takingD.toeat;taking-Whatareyougoingtodothisafternoon?-I'mthinkingoftovisitmyaunt.A.goB.goingC.havinggoneD.mygoingThedeerwasluckythatitjustmissed.A.catchingB.tobecaughtC.beingcaughtD.tocatchYoushouldkeeponEnglisheveryday.A.topractisetospeakB.topractisespeakingC.practisingtospeakD.practisingspeakingThestudentdoesn'tmind whenhespeaksEnglish.A.A.beinglaughedB.beinglaughedatC.tobelaughedD.laughingatThesentenceneeds .A.improveB.improvingC.improvedD.animprovement

A.improveB.improvingHaveyouuseda bag?A.sleepingB.sleepC.asleepD.sleptLittleTomcoulddonothingbut .A.waitedB.waitingC.waitD.towaitmadehermotherangry.A.Helen'smarriedJack B.Helen'smarryingJackC.Helen'shasmarriedJack D.Helen'smarryingwithJackTheproblemisworth .A.discussingB.todiscuss C.discussedD.tobediscussedHehasneverspentaday.A.moreworry B.mostworryingC.moreworryingD.mostworryMostofthepeople tothepartywerefamousscientists.A.invitedB.toinvited C.beinginvitedD.invitingThenewssounds .A.encouragingB.encouraged27.-Goodmorning.CanIhelpyou?A.encouragingB.encouraged27.-Goodmorning.CanIhelpyou?A.beweighedB.tobeweighed-I'dliketohavethispackage,madam.C.toweighD.weighedanythingabouttheaccident,hewenttoworkasusual.A.NotknownB.KnownnotC.KnowingD.Notknowingtotheparty,Joanwasgreatlyhurt.A.HavingnotbeeninvitedB.NothavingbeeninvitedC.Havingnotinvited D.Nothavinginvitedbyapoliceman,thechildrencrossedthestreetsafely.A.ToleadB.LeadC.LeadingD.LedTheboyabluejacketisJohn'sbrother.A.wearB.woreC.wearingD.wearsEnglishisquitedifferentfromwrittenEnglish.A.SpokenB.SpeakC.SpokeD.SpeakingHeisfromancountry.A.English-spoken B.English-speaking C.speaking-EnglishD.English-speaktheirlessons,theywenttothecinema.A.FinishingB.HadfinishedC.FinishedD.Havingfinishedhehadwonthefirstprize,hefeltveryhappy.A.KnowB.KnownC.KnowingD.Beingknownbyher36.Assoonassheenteredtheroom,thegirlcaughtsightoftheflowersmother.byherA.buyingB.beingboughtC.wereboughtD.boughtTheoldscientisthasbeeninvitedtoapartynextMondayevening.A.holdingB.holdC.beingheldD.tobeheldThebuilding nowwillbeusedasourreadingroom.A.builtB.tobebuiltC.beingbuiltD.isbuiltadvisedatonce.A.himtostartingB.himtostartC.tostartingD.tostartYoushouldn'tallow gamesneartheclassroom,forit'stoonoisy.A.studentplayingB.toplayC.studentstoplayD.toplayingThestudentsarekeptbusytheirlessons.A.toreviewB.reviewC.reviewingD.onreviewingknewhedidn'tlistentome,butIwentontogethimintheproposal.A.hoping;interestingB.tohope;interestingC.hoping;interestD.hoping;interested43.Wecan'tgetthecar.Weneedsomeoneus.A.A.togo;tohelpB.going;tohelpC.going;helpingD.gone;helpingprefertowatchfootball.A.toplay B.toplayingC.ratherthanplayD.thantoplay45.Thedaywehadlookedforwardtoatlast.A.comingB.comeC.cameD.comeshopeyou'llsucceedthistask.A.finishesB.tofinishC.finishD.infinishing47.Hecouldn'topenthefrontdoor,sohetriedthebackdoor.A.pushB.topush C.pushedD.pushingdon'twantthatsortofthingA.keephappenB.keephappeningC.tokeephappenD.tokeephappeningMywatchwants .Itdoesn'ttherighttime.A.torepair;tellB.beingrepaired;sayC.repairing;speakD.repairing;tellThedoctoradvisedhimtogiveup,butherefusedso.A.tosmoke;doingB.smoking;todoC.tosmoke;todoD.smoking;doingverysmall,computersarewidelyused.A.BecauseB.AsC.SinceD.Beingmanytimes,buthestillcouldn'tunderstandit.A.HavingbeentoldB.HehadbeentoldC.ThoughhehadbeentoldD.Havingtoldtotheleftan