新概念英语第二册第十课-Lesson10-Not-for-jazz教程文件课件

新概念英语第二册第十课-Lesson10-Not-for-jazzWe

have

an

old

musical

instrument.

It

iscalled

a

clavichord.

It

was

made

inGermany

in

1681.

Our

clavichord

is

kept

inthe

living

room.

It

has

belonged

to

ourfamily

for

a

long

time.

The

instrument

wasbought

by

my

grandfather

many

years

ago.Recently

it

was

damaged

by

a

visitor.

Shetried

to

play

jazz

on

it!

She

struck

the

keystoo

hard

and

two

of

the

strings

werebroken.

My

father

was

shocked.

Now

weare

not

allowed

to

touch

it.

It

is

beingrepaired

by

a

friend

of

my

father's.【New

words

and

expressions】生词和短语jazzmusicalinstrumentclavichordrecentlydamagekeystringshockallowtouchn.爵士音乐adj.音乐的n.乐器n.古钢琴adv.最近v.损坏n.琴键n.（乐器的）弦v.使不悦或生气，震动v.答应，让v.触摸参考译文我家有件古乐器，被称作古钢琴，是

1681年德国造的。我们的这架古钢琴存放在起居室里。我们家有这件乐器已经很久

了，是我祖父在很多年以前买的。可它最近被一个客人弄坏了，因为她用它来弹奏

爵士乐。她在击琴键时用力过猛，损坏了

两根琴弦。我父亲大为吃惊，不许我们再

动它。父亲的一个朋友正在修理这件乐器。【New

words

and

expressions】★jazz n.爵士音乐a

kind

of

music★musical

adj.音乐的musical

student

有音乐天赋的人music

student

学音乐的人（the

student

who

learned

music）★instrument

n.乐器instrument=musical

instrumetsurgical

instrument

外科手术器械

string

instrument

弦乐器★clavichord

n.古钢琴,不是现代的pianoa

kind

of

instrument★recently

adv.最近recently=lately★damage

v.

损坏①n.损害，损失，伤害The

storm

has

done

a

lot

of

damage

to

the

village.②vt.损害，毁坏，损坏The

car

was

badly

damaged

in

the

accident.★key

n.琴键①n.琴键②n.钥匙，答案key

to

the

door

门钥匙Do

you

know

the

key

to

the

question?③adj.关键的key

structure关键句型★shock

v.使不悦或生气,震惊①v.使不悦或生气,震动跟人的情绪有关的动词的宾语往往是“人”(以sth.为主语)Thenews

shocksme.这个消息使我震动②adj.令人震动的It

isshocking.③adj.感到震动凡是能够用“人”做宾语,又是表示人的情绪活动的动词,有两个形容词形成：令人……（Ving）；感到……（Ved）I'm

shocked.④n.震动sb.

get

a

shock

某人很吃惊shock必指坏事,令人不悦,生气的surprise好事坏事都可以,只要你没有料到的I

want

to

give

you

a

big

surprise.★allow

v.

答应,让allow

doing

sth.Smoking

is

allowed.＝people

allow

smokingallow

sb.

to

do

sth.

/

sb.be

allowed

to

do

sth.You

are

allowed

to

smokeYou

are

not

allowed

to

enter

the

room

if

you

don't

takethe

card

with

you★touch

v.

触摸①vt.&vi.

触摸，碰You

are

not

allowed

to

touch

the

vase.②vt.谈及，涉及，关系到A

rise

in

the

cost

of

living

toucheseveryone.生活费用的增加与每个人都有关系。【课文讲解】1、We

have

an

old

musicalinstrument.我家有件古乐器。instrument常用的意思是“器械”、“器具”，尤指医疗、机器等方面的。但它可以用来泛指各种乐器。have

没有被动语态

musical

instrument乐器

musical乐器的2、It

is

called

a

clavichord.被称作古钢琴。call在这里的意思是“把……称为”、“称呼”，既可用于主动语态，也可用于被动语态：E.g. What

do

you

callthis?你们把这称为什么？E.g. They

call

him

big

Tom.他们叫他“大个子汤姆”。3、It

was

made

in

Germany

in1681.它是1681年德国造的。Make：意为“生产,制造”，常用的搭配有：、

1）be

made

in

somewhere:产于某地E.g.These

desks

were

made

in

Shanghai.2）be

made

by

sb.:由某人制造E.g This

cake

was

made

by

mysister.3）be

made

of

sth.：由某种材料制成（看得出材料）E.g.

The

ring

is

made

ofgold.4）be

made

from

sth.:由多种材料混合制成（看不出单个材料）E.g.The

cake

is

made

from

sugar,flour,butter

and

eggs.5）be

made

into

sth.:被制作成了成品E.g.

This

piece

of

cloth

can

be

made

into

adress.6）bemade

upof

sth.:由......组成，构成（机构、团体等）E.g.

The

committee

is

made

up

of

eleven

members.4、Our

clavichord

is

kept

in

the

livingroom.我们的这架古钢琴存放在起居室里。time.5、It

has

belonged

to

our

family

for

a

long我们家有这件乐器已经很久了。This

book

is

mine

/the

book

belongs

to

me

/It's

mypersonal

book

/I'm

in

possession

of

thebook(主语是人）The

book

is

in

mypossessionThis

house

belongs

to

me

and

it

belonged

to

my

father

tenyeards

ago.grandfather6、The

instrument

was

bought

by

mymany

years

age.是我祖父在很多年以前买的。主动语态：...7、Recently

it

was

damaged

by

a

visitor.可它最近被一个客人弄坏了。The

car

was

badly

damaged

in

the

accident.my

watch

is

out

of

order

我的表不走了（状态）My

watch

was

damaged（强调动作）主动语态...8、She

tried

to

play

jazz

on

it!因为她用它来弹奏爵士乐。play

n.玩，演奏（乐器等）①跟球类连用,直接球类;play

football②跟乐器连用,the

乐器,演奏乐器而非音乐play

the

guitar

/piano

/flute/③on.使用某种设备he

is

on

the

phone

/I”m

on

thecomputer9.She

struck

the

keys

too

hard

and

two

of

the

strings

werebroken.她在击琴键时用力过猛，损坏了两根琴弦。hit

/strike

/press

/touch

thekeys10.My

father

was

shocked.我父亲大为吃惊。My

father

was

shock

at

itI

was

very

shocked

at

what

I

saw11.Now

we

are

not

allowed

to

touch

it.不许我们再动它。Now

My

father

doesn't

allow

us

to

touch

it12.It

is

being

repaired

by

a

friend

of

myfather's.父亲的一个朋友正在修理这件乐器。Is

being

repaired是现在进行时的被动语态，表示正在被修理。a

friend

of

my

father's此短语中"-s"结构的所有格用于“of”结构之后，构成了双重所有格。1)双重所有格用来表示的所有关系是人，不是物。E.g.

a

friend

of

my

father's=one

of

my

father's

friends.（表示父亲很多朋友中的一个）Some

pictures

of

John's=some

of

John's

pictures.(约翰的许多照片中的一部分）a

dollof

hers-oneofher

dolls.(她的许多布娃娃中的一个）2)双重所有格还常用this,that,these和those修饰of短语前面的名词，表示爱，恨，褒，贬等情感。E.g.This

son

of

mine我这个儿子That

dog

of

Robert's罗伯特的那条狗Those

dirty

hands

of

yours

你那肮脏的手【Key

structures】关键句型一、被动语态被动语态结构为：be+done.被动语态的时态由be的变化来表示；只有动作是及物动词才能构成被动语态；强调动作是由什么人或什么东西而发生时，常用介词be+行为发出者；被动语态没有将来进行时和各种完成进行时态。常出现的被动语态的各种时态形式如下：一般时态进行进态完成时态现在amdoneambeing

donehavebeendoneisisarearehas过去wasdonewasbeing

donehad

been

donewerewere将来shallbe

doneshallhave

beendonewillwill二、名词的属格（一）名词所有格的构成1）在名词尾加’s。主要表示有生命的事物或自然界独一无二的事物以及时间距离等所有格，如the

world’s，the

sun’s，the

earth’s，today’s，yesterday’s等。1、单数名词词尾加“’s”，复数名词词尾没有s，也要加“’s”。the

boy’s

bag

男孩的书包men’s

room男厕所2、若名词已有复数词尾又是s，只加“’”。the

workers’struggle

工人的斗争3、凡不能加“’s”的名词，都可以用“名词+of+名词”的结构来表示所有关系。the

title

of

the

song

歌的名字4、在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时，名词所有格的后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词。the

barber’s

理发店5、如果两个名词并列，并且分别有’s，则表示“分别有”；只有一个’s，则表示“共有”。John’s

and

Mary’s

room(两间)John

and

Mary’s

room(一间)6、在复合名词或短语中，’s

加在最后一个词的词尾。a

month

or

two’sabsence7、作为一个整体的词组，一般在最后一个词的词尾加’s。an

hour

and

a

half’s

walk

（步行一个半小时的路程）Carol

and

Charles’boat

（卡咯和查尔斯两人共有的船）8、不定代词后接else,所有格放在else

上。somebody

else’s

bag9、下列情况可以将’s

所有格中的名词省略。名词所有格所修饰的词,如果前面已经提到，往往可以省略，以免重复。This

notebook

is

not

mine,

nor

John’s,

nor

Peter’s.这个笔记本不是我的，也不是约翰和比特的。The

dictionary

isn’t

mine,

but

Jenny’s.这本词典不是我的，而是珍妮的。名词所有格后面有指地点等的名词时,有的在习惯上可以省略。the

doctor’s（office）医生的诊所

my

uncle’s（house）我叔叔的家10、起修饰作用的名词，如不表示所有关系，通常不用’s。room

number tooth

brush二、另外一种所有格是由介词of加名词构成的名词短语1、名词的所有格形式除’s外，还可用of+名词构成短语修饰前面的名词或表示两个名词间的所有关系。2、使用名词所有格须注意:一般地说，’s

所有格多用于有生命的东西，of

所有格多用于无生命的东西，但也有许多例外。表示天体的名词的所有格用’s。the

sun’s

heatthe

moon’ssurface表示地区机构的名词的所有格用’s。the

city’sdevelopmentthe

government’s

plan表示度量与货币价值的所有格用’s。ten

kilometres’distance200

dollars’

worth

of

goods表示“有关……”非所有关系的用of

介词短语。students

of

the

schoolthe

statue

of

liberty表示同位关系的用of

介词短语。the

city

of

Pisa表示部分或全部的用of

介词短语。the

bottom

of

the

sea the

majority

ofpeople表示抽象概念的用of

介词短语。the

cost

of

living

the

news

of

success8)名词本身带有后置修饰语或含有“the+形容词”表示一类人，其所有格用of

介词短语。the

housing

problem

of

thepoorthe

skills

of

the

workers

who

have

been

well

trained9)有些表示时间、距离等无生命和表示世界、国家、城镇等的名词，也可以在词尾加’s或“’”，变成相应的所有格。five

minutes’walk

五分钟的路程today’s

newspaper

今天的报纸3、双重所有格双重所有格即“of+名词’s

所有格”，表示整体中的一个或部分。用于修饰of前面的名词，但此时of前面的名词一定要有一个a(an)，two，any，some，several，no，few，another或this，that，these，those之类的修饰语(这个修饰语一般不能是one和the)。

双重所有格也可由“of+名词性物主代词”构成,如：afriendof

mine我的一位朋友。E.g.

Do

you

know

any

friends

of

myhusband’s?Two

classmates

of

my

sister’s

will

come

to

join

us．注：在双重所有格中，用作介词补足成分的所有格的名词必须是确定特指的，而且一般指人。E.g.an

old

friend

of

my

father’s（=one

of

my

father’s

old

friends）我父亲的一个老朋友this

lovely

baby

of

my

aunt’s

我姨妈的可爱的孩子【Multiple

choice

questions】多项选择词

Comprehension

理解1Theoldmusicalinstrument

has

been

in

the

family

for

a

long

timewas

bought

recentlywas

soldrecentlywas

repairedrecently2

How

did

the

visitor

damage

the

clavichord?She

played

jazz

on

it.She

played

it.She

cut

thestrings.She

hit

the

keys

toohard.Structure句型3

Our

c1avichord

is

kept

in

the

living

room.That’swherewe

it.(a)

kept(c)

arekeeping(b)

have

kept(d)

keep4

It

has

belonged

to

our

family

for

years.

It’s

the(a)

families(c)

family’s(b)

families’(d)

familys’5Thefamilyhavehadtheclavichord

manyy