阶段素养测评卷一答案及详解

阶段素养测评卷（一）听力答案1-5ABCAC6-10BAABC11-15CAACB16-20ACCBA录音原文Text1M:rdrathergototheBlueMoonRestaurantbecauseIprefersoftmusicwhileeating.W:Me,too.Loudmusicmakesmetense.Let'sgotothatrestaurantthisFriday.Text2W:WouldyoumindifIopenedthewindow?M:Ofcoursenot.It'sreallyhotintheroom.Openthewindowtoletmorefreshairin.Text3M:HiJane.HowisyournewneighbourMissGreen?Isshequieterthanyourlastneighbour?W:Well,IfeellikeIamlivingnexttoadancehallnow.Text4W:Quitting?Butwhy?M:Ilikemyjob,butIhaven'thadapromotionsinceIstarted.Idon'tthinkthereisanyfutureforme.Text5M:I'mgoingtothesupermarket.ShallIgetsomemoreofthoseroundbiscuitswithcream?W:Fdpreferchocolateones.M:Thesquareones,youmean?W:That'sright.Text6W:Hi,wewanttorentaplaceinthecity.M:Whatkindofplaceareyoulookingtorent,andforhowmanypeople?W:Well,thereismyhusbandandme,ourtwochildrenandadog.M:Oh,Iwasgoingtorecommendtheidealplaceinthenorthofthecity,buttheydon'tallowpets.W:Georgeispartofthefamily.SuzyandJakewouldbesoupsetifhecouldn'tcomewithus.M:Don'tworry.Thereareplentymoretochoosefrom.Howaboutsomewherenearthecitypark?W:ThatwouldbegreatforGeorge'sdailywalk.Text7.C根据前文的语境可知,“whispered（低声说）”符合语境。故选C。.A根据“Theoldmanwastooweaktostayawake,,,v可知,老人虚弱得都不能保持清醒了。由此推知，他的状态是有气无力的。故选A。.B根据年轻人拉着老人的手，跟他说话可知,年轻人在照料这位老人。故选B。51.C根据年轻人照顾老人一晚上的语境可知,护士劝年轻人休息一下。故选C。52.D根据句中的but表转折可知，护士劝说年轻人，但年轻人拒绝了她的建议。故选D。53.B根据“sunrise（日出）”表示时间可知，“approaching临近（时间）”符合语境和句意。故选B。.D根据老人去世的语境可知,护士需要做一些必要的善后事情。故选D。.A表示物体上写着、印着或者显示着文字、数字等信息时用动词read或say。故选A。语法填空【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在过去的400年里，小丑所代表的东西发生了很大的变化。不同文化团体对小丑的看法不一。但不管如何,孩子们还是很喜欢小丑的。.haschanged考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，句中除了change外无其余动词，故该空需填谓语动词。句中有时间状语“overthepast+一段时间”，是现在完成时的时间状语。change和逻辑主语之间是主动关系。且动词的主语是从句，根据主谓一致原则，从句作主语,动词用单数，故现在完成时的助动词用haso故填haschanged。.the考查冠词。form（形式）为名词，后被定语从句修饰，表示特指。故填the0.tomake考查非谓语动词。此处make所处的并列句已经有动词play,故make需填非谓语动词的形式。根据句意可知，此处应填todo表示目的。故填tomakeo.waschosen考查时态和语态。此处choose所处的简单句无其他动词，故该空作谓语。又因为choose和主语之间是被动关系，且时间发生于1960s，表示发生在过去的事情，故需要用一般过去时的被动语态。故填waschoseno.necessarily考查词形转换。此处necessary是形容词，应用副词修饰形容词goodo故填necessarily。.hitting考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,hit要填非谓语的形式。hit和逻辑主语之间是主动关系，作状语。故填hitting。.which考查定语从句。空格处在后面的从句中充当了主语，故要填关系代词。又因为空格前面有逗号，所以后面的定语从句是非限制性定语从句。关系代词指代前面“打妻子”这件事。that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故填whicho.frightening考查词形转换。分析句子可知,be动词后需填形容词作表语,故需将frighten变为形容词。frighten的形容词有两个:frightened（感到害怕的）和frightening（令人害怕的）。通过对句意的分析可知，句中表示“令人害怕的"，故填frightening。.pleasure考查词形转换。此处and后面的laughter的词性是名词。根据and前后词性一致原贝lj,该处也需填名词。故填pleasureo.what考查名词性从句。从句放在be动词后，应为表语从句。表语从句部分缺主语，表示“吸引孩子们的地方”，需填连接代词what。故填whatoM:Well,Ithinkwe'vedoneenoughworkfortoday.Wouldyouliketogotothecinematonight?W:Thankyou,butI'mafraidIcan't.I'mtootiredtogoouttonight.M:Isee.Well,howabouttheballettomorrowevening?W:That'sagoodidea.Iloveballet,especiallySwanLake.M:Good,youcanleavethearrangementstome.Now,IwouldalsoliketoinviteyoutojoinusforabarbecueatmyhomeonSaturdayevening.W:rdlovetocome,butIhavetohaveaclassthatevening.Itwillendverylate.M:Well,nevermind.NextFridayismybirthday,andwouldyouliketocome?W:Ofcourse,Tdbedelightedto.M:That'sgood.Text8M:That'sMaria'sfamily,andwewanttogetmarriedthissummer.W:That'swonderful,Erik!Congratulations!M:Ireallylikeherfamily.MrsCoronaspeaksfourlanguages,andMrCoronagivesaspeecheverySaturdaymorning.W:Tellmeaboutyourweekend.M:OnSaturdayevening,wesawaplay.AndonSundayafternoon,wesawasoccergame.ThenonSundaynight,weallwentoutfordinner一Maria,herparents,hersisterandme.Thatwasthefirsttimewereallyhadachancetotalk.MrCoronatoldsomegoodstoriesabouthisexperiences,andheaskedaboutmyhobbies.W:Andwhatdidyousay?Didyoutellhimyourfavouriteone?M:Well,Ididn'ttellhimaboutmycooking.Itoldhimaboutmychessandmyclassicalmusiccollection.W:Goodidea!Herfamilymustbereallypleasedwithyou.M:Ihopeso.Text9M:Hi,it'sme.Tminthesupermarket.Iforgottheshoppinglist.Canyoureadittome?W:Yes,it'shereonthefridgedoor.Letmesee:somecarrots,potatoesandtomatoes.M:OK.ShallIgetakiloofeach?W:No,akiloistoomuch.Justgethalfakilo.M:OK.Doweneedanythingelse?W:Yes,lotsofthings.Canyouseeifthey'vegotanyniceapples?Iwantsomeforthechildren'slunches.M:Apples.Howmany?W:Getlots一enoughforthewholeweek.Backtothelist:orangejuice,somemilkandbeer.M:Orangejuice---beer-••milk.W:Someonewrotechocolateonthelistbutdon'tbuyany.Theboyseattoomuchchocolate.M:Soyoudon'twantanychocolate?W:No.Ithinkthat'senough.I'llgoshoppingafterIleavetheofficetomorrow.M:Great.I'llbequickbecausethereisnoonehere.Seeyouinabouthalfanhour.W:Seeyou.Bye.Text10W:ThelocalBoyScoutsofAmerica(BSA)teamedupwiththeGirlScoutsofAmerica(GSA)inordertohelpthecommunitythispastweekend.Generally,theGSAsellsspringholidaydecorationsandcookiesatthistimeofyear.TheBSAsellsphysicallaboursuchasdoingyardworkorpickinguptrashatthelocalpark.However,thisyear,thetwogroupsdecidedtodosomethingdifferent.Insteadofworkingattheparkorraisingmoneyatthelocalmarkets,thetwogroupschosetoworktogetheratthelocalelder-carehome.Iwastoldthattherewereafewdifferentprojectsthatthegroupsputtogether.TheBSAfocusedonpaintingtablesandchairsthatwereinneed.TheGSAdidpaperartwiththeresidentsofthehome.Bothgroupsalsotookturnsfixingupthegardentogether.Nearlyalloftheresidentsparticipatedandtheeventwassuchabighitthatit'salreadyscheduledtorepeatnextyear.Itissaidthatotherlocalgroupswilltaketurnsdoingthingsforthepeopleattheelderhomeaswell.第二部分PassageADBCPassageADBC【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文，主要从各自特色、价格及环境等方面介绍了四个私人岛屿旅游的情况。.D细节理解题。根据第二段中“ThischeapprivateislandonJugglerLakeisagreatplaceforhikers,with18acresofthickforesttoexplore.”可知，徒步旅行爱好者可能选择明尼苏达州的Juggler湖。故选Do22.B细节理解题。根据题干可以定位到文章中的价格细节和人员信息，由第二段中“Thehousewiththreebedroomssleepsupto10peopleand*••costsonly$385pernight.;第三段中^Thischeapprivateislandcanhost11peopleforonly$379pernight."；第四段中“Thelargehouseonthisprivateislandcomfortablysleeps11people,soabiggroupmightpayjust$41perpersonpernight・・・”及最后一段中“Theprivateisland'scharminghousesleepsuptoeight,andtherentalpriceisjust$243pernight.”可知,10人团体租用Hinesburg岛价格最便宜。故选B。.C细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Theislandiskeptnaturalandwild,sothere5snorunningwaterorelectricity,buttherearegascookers.n可知，在Gloucester允许用煤气做饭。故选C。PassageBCDAD【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了HarveySutton从4岁开始就跟着父母徒步旅行，用了209天穿越艰难的阿巴拉契亚山道的故事。.C细节理解题。根据第二段“HikingtheAppalachianTrailistough,andonlyoneoutofeveryfourhikerscompletesallthesectionsofthetrail."可知，只有四分之一的徒步旅行者能走完阿巴拉契亚山道全程。故选C项。.D细节理解题。根据第三段“Harvey'sparents,JoshandCassieSutton,havebeenhikingwithHarveysincehewastwoyearsold.Theymadereasonablearrangements,andespeciallypreparedhimforhikingtheATbystartingoutwithlotsofshorterwalksandhikes.”可知，萨顿——家的徒步旅行成功的原因是有充分的准备工作。故选D项。.A推理判断题。根据第四段“MrSakassaidHarveydidn'tseemtogettired.Whenotherhikerswerewornoutattheendoftheday,Harveywasstilleagerforagame.”和第五段CompletingtheATtaughtHarveyandhisparentshowtoworkasateamandhowtotakeonchallengestogether.w可知，哈维•萨顿是一个精力充沛、富有团队精神的人。故选A项。.D主旨大意题。通读全文，文章讲述了HarveySutton从4岁开始就跟着父母徒步旅行，用了209天穿越艰难的阿巴拉契亚山道的故事,所以“Thelittleman飞209hikingdays（小男子汉的209天徒步旅行）”是最佳标题。故选D项。PassageCABCC【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍心理学家认为空洞的表扬不仅不会激励孩子，反而起到反作用，作者赞同此观点,认为正确的表扬才有利于孩子的成长。.A词义猜测题。根据文章第二段“Praisingchildrenwithphrasessuchas'welldone,darling5mayhurttheirconfidence,,,可知,家长用空洞的话来表扬孩子可能会伤害他们的自信心,结合画线单词所在句子“Hesaysthatpraisesuchas'you'resoclever'or'you'resuchanartist'couldalsohindertheirfutureperformanceatschool."和下文“Hesaysthatsuchemptypraisecauseschildrentobeunhappyastheymaysaytheycan'tliveupto（不辜负）thefalseexpectations.v可知，像“你真聪明”或“你真是个艺术家”之类的空洞的赞美会伤害孩子们的自信心，让孩子觉得他们无法达到这样的期望，由此可推知，这样的话会阻碍他们未来在学校的表现。所以画线单词“hinder”意为“阻碍”，和A项“holdback（抑制）”意思相近，故选A。.B细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“Emptypraiseisasbadasthoughtlesscriticism（批评）…”可知，空洞的表扬对孩子来说是没有好处的，会像不加思考的批评一样，起到反作用。故选B。.C推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“HesaysthatwhenpickinguphisdaughterfromakindergartenneartheirhomeinNorthLondon,heheardateachertellher,'Youhavedrawnthemostbeautifultree.Welldone.'Later,aftershehaddoneanotherdrawing,thesameteachersaid,'Wow,youarereallyanartist.,Inhisbook,MrGroszwrites,'Myheartsank.HowcouldItelltheteacherthatIwouldpreferitifshedidnotpraisemydaughter??”可知,MrGrosz不希望女儿得到老师这样空洞的表扬，由此可知,MrGrosz举这个例子是为了表达他不认同老师这样的赞美，故选C。.C推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的内容，尤其是amstronglyforGrosz.可知，作者支持Grosz的说法。故选C。PassageDCCAA【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，乐观的心态有助于长寿,乐观心态除了和基因有关,后天也是能习得的。.C推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“'Optimisticpeople,regardlessofsex,oftenhavegoalsandtheconfidencetoreachthem,'Leesaid."Thosegoalscouldincludehealthyhabitsthatcontributetoalongerlife/"可知,Lee认为乐观的心态会有助于长寿,即乐观和寿命长短有关。故选C。.C推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“Studiesfindonlyabout25%ofouroptimismiscontrolledbyourgenes（基因），andtherestisuptous.Itturnsoutwecanactuallytrainourbraintobemorepositive.v可知，研究发现，我们的乐观情绪只有25%是由基因控制的，其余的则取决于我们自己。事实证明，我们可以通过训练让大脑变得更积极。文章在举僧侣的例子之前先说明了乐观情绪只有小部分由基因控制，其余的是可以通过学习获得的，所以研究僧侣的大脑是为了证明乐观是可以习得的。故选C。.A段落大意题。根据文章最后一段开头“Therearesimplementalexercisestodevelopanoptimisticattitude.v可知,有一些简单的心理练习可以培养乐观的态度，紧接着列举了关于如何培养乐观心态的方法,所以最后一段主要是讲怎样成为一个乐观的人，故选Ao.A推理判断题。通读全文可知，研究表明，乐观的心态有助于长寿,乐观的心态除了和基因有关，后天也是能习得的，这属于科学研究的范畴，所以文章可能来源于科学杂志，故选Ao七选五GFABE【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些关于如何控制时间的建议。.G上文提出了在没有更多压力的情况下去管理好自己的工作与生活是一项很大的挑战。选项G”以下是关于如