2021届昆明市第十九中学高三英语下学期期末试题及答案解析

2021届昆明市第十九中学高三英语下学期期末试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项APlanYourVisittotheBritishMuseumWe'vemadeafewchangestoensureyoucansafelyenjoyyourvisit:Howtobooktickets•Ticketsforthepermanentcollectioncanonlybehookedonlineinadvance.•Tobookticketsforexhibitions,visitourexhibitionpages.Ifyouwanttoguaranteeyourvisittothepermanentcollectionaswellastheexhibitiononyourvisit,youwillneedtobookaseparateticket.•Wearelimitingnumbersofpeopleinthemuseumtoensurethereisroomforyoutosafelyenjoyyourvisit.Everyone,includingmembersandvolunteers,willthereforeneedtobookafree,timedticketinadvance.Importantinformationaboutyourticketbooking•Youcanbookuptosixticketsforpeoplewholiveinthesamefamily.•Wewillemailyourtickettoyou,andyouwillneedtoshowiteitherprintedoutoronyourdevice（设备）whenyouarrive.•Pleasearriveatthetimestatedonyourticket-wecannotguaranteeadmissionbeforeorafterit.FollowingtherouteWehavecreatedanewone-wayroutethroughthemuseumwhichwillallowyoutosafelyexploreworldculturesfromtheMediterraneantotheMiddleEastandfromtheAmericastoAfrica.•Viewamapoftheroute（Openinanewwindow）.•Ouraudioguides（音频指南）arenotavailable.However,youcanpaytodownloadtheaudiointroductionsfromiTunes（Openinanewwindow）orGooglePlay（Openinanewwindow）toeachofthegalleriesandlistenonyourowndevice.Pleaseremembertobringalongyourownheadphones.Whydoesthemuseumoffertimedtickets?A.Toearnmoremoney. B.Tohiremorevolunteers.C.Tosaveroomforcollections. D.Tocontrolthenumberofvisitors.Howcanavisitorlearnaboutthenewrouteinadvance?A.Viewanonlinemap.B.Buyanewheadphone.C.Buyaudioguidesfromthemuseum. D.DownloadvideointroductionsfromiTunes.Wherecanyouprobablyfindthetext?A.Inanewspaper. B.Inamagazine.C.Onawebsite. D.Inareport.BTheBritishpoetMatthewByrnemovedtoBeijingin2013andfeltthatthecapitalcity'spoetryscenewaslacking.Hisobsession（痴迷）forstartingpoetryeventsledtothefoundationoftheSpittoonCollectiveinMay2015．“Atthattime，theliteraryactivityinBeijingwasTheBookwormbasedinSanlitun，”Byrnesays．WhilesomeofBeijing'sliteraryinstitutionswouldgoontocloseinthefallof2019，Spittoonwouldcontinuetogrowasacommunityforpoetsandwriters，aswellasmusiciansandothersinthecreativescene.ByrnedescribestheSpittoonCollectiveasaplatformforpeopletoshareideas，fromliteraryworkstodifferentformsofart，withprojectsdevelopingfromthecreativeenergywithinthecommunity.SpittoonoriginallystartedasapoetrynightattheMadoBarinDongchengDistrict'sBaochaoHutong.Byrnesays，“InBeijing，youhavethesewonderfulhutongs，ancientstructureswhereyoucanwalkdownandvisitcoolbars，soIthoughtitwouldbegoodtohaveapoetryeventasitseemedlikepoetrybelongednaturallytothisarea.”Headds，“TheobjectivenowistodiscoverChinesevoicesandbroadcastthemtotherestoftheworld.Wecreateakindofthemepark-likeatmospherewhereeveryThursdayisoccupiedbyadifferentliterarystyleorartform.”ThereadingswouldmainlybeinEnglish，butwithaninternationalcommunity，anewsectioncalled“Poetry-in-Translation”wasstarted，whichfeaturedworksinChinese，French，Arabic，Russian，Spanishandotherlanguages.JoiningorganizedactivitieslikeSpittooncanbeamajorhelpforthosecaughtupinaboringlife.Andit'sespeciallyimportantforthepeoplewhohavemovedtoChinaastheyneedtobuildnewrelationshipswhilelivinginadifferentcountry.WhatcanweknowabouttheSpittoonCollective?Itwasclosedin2019.Itwassetupin2013inBeijing.It'spopularwithliteraturelovers.D.It'sacommunityjustforforeigners.WhydidByrnestarttheSpittoonCollectiveinBaochaoHutong?Toattractstudents'loveofpoetry．ToexpandChina'sliteratureglobally．TomakeBeijing'shutongsfamous．Tocombinepoetrywiththehutong．WhateffectwouldtheSpittoonCollectivehaveonChineseculture?A.Beneficial． B.Negative． C.Challenging． D.Controversial．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetotheSpittoonCollective?A.Unclear． B.Intolerant． C.Doubtful． D.Favorable．CAteamofresearchersfromseveralinstitutionsintheUKandoneinEstoniahascreatedatypeofbuoy（浮标）thathasproventobeeffectiveatfrighteningseabirds,thuspreventingthemfromgettingcaughtingillnets—atypeofverticalfishingnetthatismadeofamaterialthatmakesitnearlyinvisibleunderwater.Everyyear,hundredsofthousandsofseabirdsdiewhentheygetcaughtingillnets.Someestimatessuggestthatuptoahalf-millionbirdsarecaughtinthemeachyear.Overtheyears,researchershavecreateddevices（装置）topreventthebirdsfromtryingtocatchfishnearoringillnets,butthosedidn'tworkwell.Tofindawaythatwouldworkforallseabirds,theresearchersfirststudiedseabirdsinageneralsense,lookingtofindthingsthattheywouldavoid.Theynotedthatseabirdsavoidedeyecontactwithothercreatures.Thentheresearcherscameupwithasimpleidea—theyputasmallpoletoaregularbuoyandthenattachedapairofgooglyeyes（金鱼眼）tothetopofit.Theymadetheeyesbigenoughsothatevenbirdswithpooreyesight,suchasgeese,wouldseethem.Addingtotheeffectivenessofthedevice,wavesmadetheeyesmovebackandforth.Andthewindmadethebuoyspinveryslowly,makingsurethatbirdsfromeverydirectionwouldgetagoodlookattheeyes.Totesttheiridea,theresearchersselectedseveralsitesneargillnetsandcountedhowmanybirdsapproachedandhowmanyattemptedtocatchfishnearthenets.Theythensetuptheirgoogly-eyedbuoysandonceagaincountedbirds.Overthecourseof62days,theyfoundthenumberofbirdsthattriedtocatchfishnearthegillnetsdroppedbyapproximately25%foradistanceofupto50meters.Theyalsofoundthatthebirdswerelesslikelytofishnearwherethebuoyshadbeenforuptothreeweeksaftertheyhadbeenremoved.Whatisthefunctionofparagraph2?A.Introducinganewtopictodiscuss. B.Providingbackgroundinformation.C.Summarizingthepreviousparagraph.D.Pointingoutthemainideaofthetext.Whydidtheresearchersmakethegooglyeyesbig?A.Toensurealltheseabirdscanseethem. B.Toclearlyobserveseabirds'eyecontact.C.Toallowthemtosurvivethestrongwind. D.Toeffectivelyidentifytherightdirection.Whatdoestheresearchers'testresultmainlysuggest?A.ThenewdevicestillneedsimprovingC.Seabirdshardlycatchfishnearthenets.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?Agroupofresearchersinterestedinseabirds.C.Adevicekeepingseabirdssafefromgillnets.Gillnetsareadeathvalleyforseabirds.D.Thegoogly-eyedbuoyproveseffective.B.Awaytohelpseabirdscatchfisheffectively.D.Agoogly-eyedbuoyguidingseabirdstohunt.DThisisatruestory.TristinSaghinenjoyedthemovie“BlackHawkDown”verymuch,whichisabouttheconflictinSomalia.Thebattlescenesandtheexcitingrescuesofpeoplewhoaredyinginterestedhimgreatly.Therewasjustoneproblem:Tristinwasonly9yearsold,anditwasthoughtthatmoviewasnotforchildren.WhenhisparentscaughthimwatchingitonTV,theymadehimturnitoff,thoughhehadfinishedhishomeworkanditwasnotlate.Thenoneday,TristinandhisfamilywerevisitinghisgrandmotherinMesa,Arizona.Tristin’s2-year-oldsistergotoutofthehouseandfellinthebackyardpool.Realizingthelittlegirlwasmissing,thefamilyranoutside,onlytofindthegirlhadfallenintothewater.Pulledfromthepoolandplacedontheground,thechildwasn’tbreathing.Thefamilycalledtheambulance,butnooneknewhowtodofirstaid.Noone,thatis,exceptforTristin.Ascenein“BlackHawkDown”describesadoctorgivingfirstaid.Tristinrememberedit.Thenthe9-year-oldgavefirstaidtohissisteratonceandsavedherlife.Hisparentsdon’tstophimseeingthemovieshelikesanymore.Tristintaughthimselfhowtodofirstaidbuthehadneverthoughthecoulduseittosavehislittlesister’slife.Anyskillcanbeusedintime,soyoushouldalwayslearn.Accordingtothetext,TristinSaghin .A.livedinMesa,Arizona B.dislikedstudyingverymuchC.wasalwaysreadytohelpothers D.wasnineyearsoldWhydidTristinSaghin’sparentsorderhimtoturnofftheTV?Theywantedhimtohelplookafterhissister.Heoftenspenttoomuchtimewatchingfilms.Theythoughtthefilmwasnotgoodforchildren.Hewasaskedtofinishhishomeworkfirst.HowwasTristin’ssistersaved?Tristingavefirstaidtoher.Theambulancearrivedintime.Adoctorpassingbygaveahand.Herparentssenthertohospitalatonce.Theauthor’spurposeinwritingthetextistoadvisereadersto .A.seemoremovies B.learnmoreskillsC.saveothersbravely D.dowhattheylike第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项It’snowoftenassumedthatuniversitieswillprovideitsstudentswithmuchmorethanjustadegree.Withthegrowingpressuretoprovidevariousvalue,mostoftheirleafletspresentinstitutionsasbeinga“leader”inaspecificfield,likeacademicresearch,studentsatisfaction,graduateemployabilityandsoon.___16___Youshouldknowthattheinformationaboutauniversityyoureadsomewheremaybemisleading.Soit’sagoodideato,aboveall,figureoutwhatyourdreamuniversityislike,andthengototheuniversities“intheflesh”ontheopendaytogetafeelfortheplace.___17___Rememberthatthereisnosuchthingasthebestuniversity—onlythebestfitforyou.___18___Andthenpreparealistofquestionsabouttheaspectsofuniversitylife.Answersmaybecollectedbothduringyourvisitsandfromtalkswithseniors.Youneedtomakeplentyofnotes!___19___You’llstarttoforgetimportantthingsunlessyouputthemdown.Attendingapplicationsessionsisanotherwaytogettheanswersthere.Askforsomedirectfeedbackfromtheadmissionstutorsandevenyoucouldshowthemadraftofyourpersonalstatement.Writedownwhatyoulikeabouttheuniversityandcompareittoothers.Itdoesn’tmatterhowfamoustheuniversityis___20___Ifyoudon’tenjoyyourcourse,thenchancesareyouwillfailtomaximizeyourpotential.It’syourchoice,somakethebestofit.A.Comparewhatyoureallyseewithwhatyouactuallyneed.B.Choosethecourseonyourown—especiallyifyou’rekeenonit.C.Withsomanychoices,howcanyoumakeaninformeddecision?D.Remembertomakesureyouprioritizeyourcourseovertheuniversity.E.Conductsomeonlineresearchtodecideonafewuniversitiesyou’dliketovisitfirst.F.Facedwithalltheinformation,whatyouneedtodoisgetthemostoutofit.G.Otherwisetheconversationandexperienceyou’vehadwillmixtogetherafterafewvisits.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Mysonisn'tscaredofmanythings.Sometimesthismakesme___21___.Whenheovercamehisfearofdogs，Ifeltaswellofadmiration.Thingsget___22___whenheproveshimselftobebraverthanIam，forcingmetofacethe___23___Istillcarryaroundasanadult.Myfearssincemyteenyearswerebig，hairyspidersandtalkingto___24___bothofwhichwereeasily___25___atanall-boys'school.Oneexceptionwasthe___26___.Idon'tlikeopenwater，duetoasemi-drowningexperiencethathappenedwhenIwas15.Imistimed（在不适当的时候做）a27，swallowedwaterandendedupbeingpulledout，paleandlimp，and___28___byaprettylifeguard.Theadditionalhorroroftalkingtoagirl___29___mynear-deathexperience.Sincethen，beinginwaterfillsmewith___30___.Soclearly，my___31___oftheseaisstrong.Butwheredoesitleavemyson，whoshowsnosuchfear？Asamuchyoungerchild，hehatedthesea.Tomyshame，Iwas___32___.Herewasacompanionwhocouldmakemefeelbetteraboutmyweakness.This___33___afewweeksago，whenatriptothe___34___showedhe'dbecomeeveryinchthewaterbabyIamnot.Watchinghim___35___thewaveswithhismom，allmy___36___suddenlyseemedpitiful.Ibarelyhadtimetoregisterthisbeforehewas___37___myarm.Soonhewasdoingsomethingmywifehad___38___managed，pullingmeintotheopenwater.AsIheldhim，IfeltthatpanicI'ddeniedforalltheseyears，39onIwent.Iwasholdinghim，buthewasreallyholdingme，transferring（传递）somesmallpartofhislimitless___40___withthegraspofatiny，guidinghand.A.proud B.confused C.worried D.surprisedA.easier B.worse C.morecomplex D.moreinterestingA.pains B.doubts C.fears D.shame24.A.teachersB.girlsC.strangersD.classmates25.A.improvedB.predictedC.overcomeD.avoided26.A.riverB.lakeC.sea D.pool27.A.walkB.runC.shout D.dive28.A.rescuedB.caughtC.criticizedD.noticed29.A.ruinedB.worsenedC.softenedD.created30.A.powerB.regretC.confidenceD.panic31.A.dislikeB.needC.understandingD.curiosity32.A.annoyedB.frustratedC.relievedD.embarrassed33.A.happenedB.disappeared C.remainedD.changed34.A.mountainB.beachC.forestD.park35.A.enjoyB.shareC.control D.draw36.A.effortsB.excusesC.chancesD.plans37.A.bitingB.pattingC.washingD.taking38.A.alwaysB.almostC.never D.also39.A.soB.butC.and D.since40.A.braveryB.wisdomC.kindnessD.passion第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式Chinahaslandedlunarprobe(探测器)onanunexploredareaofthemoon41.(successful).TheprobewillremainonthemooncollectingsoilandrocksamplesuntilThursday,guidedbymissioncontrolontheground.Theroboticspacecraft___42.___(name)Chang'e5aftertheChinesegoddessofthemoondrilledintothesurfaceofthemoontocollectsoilearlyWednesday.It'sthefirstattempt___43.___(get)rocksfromthemoonbyanycountrysincethe1970s.Thesamples,which44.(expect)toweighabout2kilograms,willbesealed(密封)intoacontainerinthespacecraft.Ifsuccessful,themissionwillmakeChina___45.___thirdcountrytohavegotlunarsamples,followingtheUnitedStatesandtheSovietUnion___46.___(decade)ago.WhenthesamplesarereturnedtoEarth,scientistswillbeabletoanalyzethestructure___47.___materialcomposition(组成)ofthemoon'ssoil.Themissionmayhelpanswerquestionssuchashowlongthemoonremainedinspace,andwhenthemagneticfield