计算机专业英语（第3版）-练习及情境对话 课件 5.6　Situation Dialogue（情景对话）

情境对话SituationDialogue计算机专业英语chapterfive

ProgrammingLanguageMissLi:AsalesgirlinComputerTownMr.Zhang:AcomputerconsumerwhoknowslittleaboutcomputerLi:CanIhelpyou,Sir?Zhang:Yes.I’dliketobuyacomputer,butIknowlittleaboutit.Li:Doyoulikeabrandmachineoracompatiblemachine?ClumsyPanda’sAdventureinProgrammingKingdom计算机专业英语笨熊猫程序园历险记TodayTuTuandClumsyPandahavevisitedprogrammingkingdom.ClumsyPandaisveryhappybecausehehasknownmanymembersinourprogramminglanguagefamily.Look!Theyarecoming.Bigelderbrother—Machinelanguage:Instructingsystemisalsocalledmachinelanguage.Eachinstructionrepliesastringofbinarysystemcode.今天，图图和熊猫笨笨游览了程序乐园，笨笨可乐坏了，因为它认识了我们程序设计语言大家族中的许多成员，你看，它们过来了。大哥——机器语言指令系统也称机器语言，每条指令都对应一串二进制代码。MissLi:AsalesgirlinComputerTownMr.Zhang:AcomputerconsumerwhoknowslittleaboutcomputerLi:CanIhelpyou,Sir?Zhang:Yes.I’dliketobuyacomputer,butIknowlittleaboutit.Li:Doyoulikeabrandmachineoracompatiblemachine?ClumsyPanda’sAdventureinProgrammingKingdom计算机专业英语笨熊猫程序园历险记Machinelanguageistheonlylanguagethatacomputercanidentifyandcarryoutdirectly.Comparedwithotherprogramminglanguages,itiscarriedoutwithhigherefficiency.Sincemachinelanguageinstructionisastringofbinarysystemcode,itlacksreadabilityandcannotbeeasilymemorized.Furthermore,itisverydifficulttocompileprogramsandthemodificationanddebugoftheprogramsalsoveryhard.So,machinelanguageisnoteasytograspanduse.机器语言是计算机唯一能识别并直接执行的语言，所以与其他程序设计语言相比，其执行效率高。由于机器语言指令都是一串二进制代码，可读性差、不易记忆；编写程序既难又繁，容易出错；程序的调试和修改难度也很大，所以机器语言不容易掌握和使用。MissLi:AsalesgirlinComputerTownMr.Zhang:AcomputerconsumerwhoknowslittleaboutcomputerLi:CanIhelpyou,Sir?Zhang:Yes.I’dliketobuyacomputer,butIknowlittleaboutit.Li:Doyoulikeabrandmachineoracompatiblemachine?ClumsyPanda’sAdventureinProgrammingKingdom计算机专业英语笨熊猫程序园历险记Youngerbrother—AssemblylanguageAssemblylanguageappearedatthebeginningofthe1950s.ItisalsocalledSymbolLanguagebecauseitconsistsofsomesymbolswhichareveryeasytoidentifyandmemorize.Theprogramcompiledwithassemblylanguageiscalledsourceprogramofassemblylanguage.Thiskindoflanguagecannotbeidentifiedandcarriedoutdirectlybycomputersanditmustbefirstlytranslatedintomachinelanguageprogram(namedobjectprogram).Onlyafterthat,itcanbecarriedoutthen.二弟——汇编语言20世纪50年代初出现了汇编语言，它使用的是比较容易识别、记忆的助记符号，所以汇编语言也叫符号语言。用汇编语言编写的程序称为汇编语言源程序，计算机不能直接识别和执行它。必须先把汇编语言源程序翻译成机器语言程序（称目标程序），然后才能被执行。MissLi:AsalesgirlinComputerTownMr.Zhang:AcomputerconsumerwhoknowslittleaboutcomputerLi:CanIhelpyou,Sir?Zhang:Yes.I’dliketobuyacomputer,butIknowlittleaboutit.Li:Doyoulikeabrandmachineoracompatiblemachine?ClumsyPanda’sAdventureinProgrammingKingdom计算机专业英语笨熊猫程序园历险记Littlesister—High-gradeprogramminglanguageUptothemiddleofthe1950s,peoplecreatedhigh-gradeprogramminglanguage.High-gradelanguageisakindoflanguagethatisusedtocompilevariousprogramswithmeaningful“words”and“mathematicsformulas”accordingtocertain“grammarrules”,alsocalledhigh-gradeprogramminglanguageoralgorithmlanguage,includingC,C++,VisualCandVisualBasic,etc..小妹——高级程序设计语言到了20世纪50年代中期，人们又创造了高级程序设计语言。高级语言是一种用各种意义的“词”和“数学公式”按照一定的“语法规则”编写程序的语言，也称高级程序设计语言或算法语言。目前流行的高级语言，如C、C++、VisualC、VisualBasic等都是采用编译的方法。MissLi:AsalesgirlinComputerTownMr.Zhang:AcomputerconsumerwhoknowslittleaboutcomputerLi:CanIhelpyou,Sir?Zhang:Yes.I’dliketobuyacomputer,butIknowlittleaboutit.Li:Doyoulikeabrandmachineoracompatiblemachine?ClumsyPanda’sAdventureinProgrammingKingdom计算机专业英语笨熊猫程序园历险记Now,popularhigh-gradelanguageistoadoptthemethodofcompiling.Simplifyspeaking,ahigh-gradelanguageprogramcanbecomeexecutablemachinelanguageprogr