HDS-存储-AMS配置安装手册-V1.0

分行IT基础设施资源整合项目文档编号密级分行IT基础设施资源整合项目HDSAMS设备配置安装手册——VER1.0

文档信息文挡名称初稿作者审核建立日期文档修订记录章节编号章节名称修订内容简述修订日期修订前版本号目录TOC\o"1-2"\h\z第1章 HDSAMS功能概述 41.1 HDSAMS存储系统结构 41.2 面向应用优化的存储系统 61.3 存储系统高可靠性 81.4 海量容量扩展和灵活的容量管理 121.5 SAN环境下的性能优化 13第2章 场地要求 162.1 物理尺寸 162.2 电源需求 162.3 机房环境要求 17第3章 HDSAMS存储分配规则 18第4章 HDSAMS存储分配规划 19第5章 HDSAMS存储设备总体安装步骤 415.1 设备到货 415.2 AMS安装和上电自检 415.3 安装监控PC 415.4 AMS客户化 415.5 系统连接 425.6 安装多路径软件HDLM 425.7 安装和测试Hitrack呼叫功能 425.8 设备安装验收 42第6章 详细安装步骤 436.1 进入AMS1000管理界面 436.2 加入AMS1000的License 436.3 调整AMS1000的AccessMode 456.4 定义全局热备盘 486.5 调整AMS1000系统参数 496.6 创建RAIDGroup 566.7 创建LUN 616.8 设置HostGroups 636.9 设置LUNMapping 73HDSAMS功能概述HDSAMS存储系统结构HDS公司HDSAMS1000系列存储产品采用最新的模块化阵列系统结构，与HDSUSP产品同为HDSTagmaStore家族系列产品。其内部采用内外光纤通路设计、双控制器管理、高速缓存全部为NV－CACHE与镜像写设计模块化设计以及部件级热拔插设计能够提供24×7的即时数据存取。其主要特点有：以中端价格，提供高端性能与容量将服务器内置的存储迁移到可扩展的外部存储上，将多个存储系统整合到一个存储平台，或构建第一个SAN；支持iSCSI和/或光纤通道连接支持NAS连接，支持协作性的文件共享应用将SAN、iSCSI和NAS整合到一个平台中（同时支持任何两种协议）采用SATA和光纤通道磁盘，容量从几个TB到超过170TB，跨系统提供应用特有的性能、可用性和保护具有CachePartitionManager和RAID-6等高级功能，帮助提高性能、可靠性和可用性分区和专用高速缓存可以使大数据流量的应用获得最佳性能4096个逻辑单元(LUN)为几乎任何工作量提供卓越的性能选择SATA/光纤磁盘混插或单一光纤通道磁盘配置，采用最经济的存储解决方案执行任何存储任务整合存储，预见增长进行整合和集中管理以降低成本SATA和光纤通道混插配置可最大扩展为170TB，光纤通道磁盘配置可扩展为129TB符合法规要求，保护数据，减少恢复时间增强的SATA数据保护提供了无与伦比的数据可用性和可恢复性RAID-6既确保了高可用性，又保证了RAID组重建灵活性Hi-Track®“回叫”服务/远程维护工具实现了7x24诊断服务，防止隐患成为故障完全冗余的热插拔功能可以保证应用运行系统内卷复制或增量复制可满足频繁的在线备份需求HitachiTrueCopy™RemoteReplication软件实现了远程复制扩展现有的SAN或部署到分层架构中使用存储管理软件和HitachiHiCommand®Suite软件来管理和配置系统通过支持iSCSI连接（AMS1000支持双协议），将SAN延伸到更小的服务器采用归档和长期防篡改数据保留解决方案，满足监管达标要求与日立企业级存储系统结合，在分层存储环境中组建完整的数据生命周期管理解决方案HDSAMS1000采用全新的体系结构—HiPerII提高了系统的I/O能力。一般，模块化阵列系统采用的是内部共享总线结构，CPU是整个控制系统的核心；缓存、前端接口、后端接口通过共享的总线进行数据交换。与传统共享总线结构不同，在HDSAMS1000的系统中采用了类似HDSUSP系列中的内存交换结构，并且将这种结构通过一个专用的大规模集成电路实现；这个大规模集成电路是由日立公司专门研发的RAID性能增强IC。该IC是整个HiPer结构的核心，而CPU只是用来处理管理及协调。具体结构如下图：图SEQ图表\*ARABIC2、全新的Hi-PerII结构从图中可以看到缓存、前端接口和后端磁盘通道接口都是通过Hi-PerII结构以交换的方式进行数据传输。并且在两个控制器的Hi-PerII结构之间通过两条负载平衡的内部数据交换链路进行写I/O的镜像操作，这样可以保证两个控制器在DualActive模式下工作的性能。HDSAMS1000是采用模块化设计的企业级存储产品，主要功能模块是RK（控制模块）和RKA（磁盘模块）。RKM中包括有DualActive控制器、两个缓存电池备份模块、冗余的电源和风扇系统；RKA中有15个磁盘槽位，DualActive的系统扩展连接控制器（ENC），冗余的风扇和电源。HDSAMS1000系列产品在其控制器内部通路与主机连接通道两个部分均采用了全光纤通道标准设计，每条通路可达到200MB/S传输速度，使存储系统在当今配置高容量磁盘时，形成了一个良好通路传输环境；并且在系统的后端磁盘环路结构中，HDS公司采用了独有的负载分配的结构。从下图中可以看到无论是控制模块还是容量扩展模块中的磁盘都是平均分布在两个负载分担的光纤通道环路对上，这样保证了在任何容量规格配置的情况下都具有很好的性能表现。（如下图）图SEQ图表\*ARABIC3、每个磁盘背板有4条2GbpsFC通道面向应用优化的存储系统HDSAMS系列产品与USP系列产品一样，都是遵循HDS先进的AOS（面向应用优化的存储）战略设计的，都具备能够保证应用系统QoS的存储逻辑分区功能。CachePartitionManager——高速缓存分区功能CachePartitionManager（高速缓存分区功能）是AMS和WMS存储系统产品线的一个关键改变，可确保应用的服务质量。其它任何模块化产品都没有能力在这一级别管理高速缓存。CachePartitionManager通过以下机制发挥作用：图表SEQ图表\*ARABIC4分区技术的使用将Cache分为最多32个分区。每个分区的资源访问独立进行，不会互相串扰。根据应用的I/O特性不同，可以用多种不同的方法优化每个分区的分段大小。分段尺寸可设置为4kB,8KB,16KB,64KB,256KB,512KB等等。可调的分段尺寸将大大提高缓存访问的命中率。图表5缓存分区技术图表SEQ图表\*ARABIC5对于4KB的I/O数据，8KB的分区将比16KB的分区大大提高访问命中率根据应用的可靠性要求不同，对Cache的使用率要求不同，对可将每个分区的缓存设为镜像模式、无镜像模式每个分区对应的磁盘LU可选择不同的条带大小，尺寸可由16KB,64KB,64KB一直增长到128KB，最终实现分区缓存数据写入磁盘的优化操作可调磁盘条带大小——StripingSize综上所述，分区技术为模块化存储设备提供存储虚拟化的高级能力，最终为应用系统提供全方位的存储服务质量支持。存储系统高可靠性HDSAMS1000采用了全冗余结构设计，保证业务的连续性。HDSAMS1000支持I/O通道故障切换软件HDLM或其它软件如：HPPV-Link，VeritasVxVM，IBMMPXIO等。端口虚拟化技术在没有主机存储域技术的时候，异构主机平台实施数据集中时，用户需要为存储端口的配置花费很多精力；这因为不同的主机与存储系统间的SCSI指令是有区别、互相排斥的，这样在一个混合的环境中有些主机平台是不能够与其他平台共享一个物理连接；即使是使用交换机的分区管理也会造成系统的严重隐患。HDS公司提出了HSD技术，就是在存储系统的物理端口上划分出不同的逻辑端口，每个逻辑端口可以设定独立的对应主机连接特性，保证SAN环境中能够在节约端口资源的情况下保证系统的安全。HSD（HOSTSTORAGEDOMAIN）如下图：每个物理端口可以有128个主机存储域，每个逻辑端口都可以有自己独立的连接参数设定和LUN映射，每个逻辑端口可以有256个LUN映射。并且通过HDS公司的HSD技术可以在一个物理端口中有128个LUN0，这种技术是HDS独有的；在有些SAN技术中，实现一些功能LUN0是必须的，例如SANBOOT等。通过HSD技术还可以方便用户在SAN环境中的PerformanceOn-Demand系统实施；通过划分逻辑端口，可以方便的将异构服务器同时连接到一个物理端口上，这样可以将对系统要求不高的服务器共享连接到一个物理端口。图SEQ图表\*ARABIC6、主机存储域与逻辑端口SAN环境下LUN的安全保护――SANtinel在SAN环境中对LUN的安全管理是非常重要的。要防止操作员误操作而引起的数据损坏需要对整个存储系统进行必要的安全管理。HDS公司的SANtinel数据安全管理软件可以提高在复杂异构的SAN环境中的数据安全性。它允许用户在HDSAMS1000系统中通过HBA卡的WorldWideName(WWN)的安全管理来控制主机对逻辑单元（LUN）的访问。每个LUN可以被设定与1到128个WWN通信，也可以限制某个或某些主机对这个LUN的访问。这个功能可以使其他主机看不到被保护的LUN并无法访问存在其上的数据。SANtinel可以在任何光纤通道端口被启动，并可在端口级进行开关。图SEQ图表\*ARABIC7、LUN安全管理主动的全局热备技术RAID6、RAID5和RAID0+1等具有冗余数据保存的RAID技术能够保证在RAID组中有1个磁盘损坏的情况下数据不丢失，但为了保证数据安全通常阵列系统厂商都支持动态备盘技术。使用动态备盘技术在RAID组中有1个磁盘损坏的情况下可以对系统性能影响比较小的情况下恢复损坏磁盘上的数据。图SEQ图表\*ARABIC8、动态备盘技术如上图，在某个时刻一个RAID组中的一个磁盘发生错误的数量超过系统定义的错误日志指标后，HDSAMS系统微码会自动启动动态备盘将有错误的磁盘上的数据复制到全局动态备盘上，在这个过程中不需要通过其它磁盘上的数据进行XOR计算。因此整个RAID5磁盘组的性能影响降低到最低。在完成动态备盘复制后进行错误磁盘更换时，数据将从动态备盘上拷贝回更换的磁盘上也同样不用进行XOR计算。当错误磁盘不能够进行读写操作时，HDSAMS的系统微码不能进行动态备盘操作，此时系统会通过CorrectionCopy的方法进行数据恢复，如下图图SEQ图表\*ARABIC9、CorrectionCopy操作可以看到，虽然在进行CorrectionCopy时服务器依然可以进行正常大I/O操作，但是由于RAID5组中的所有磁盘都要参与XOR计算因此性能会非常差。HDS公司深刻意识到数据对用户的重要性，因此在微码中对磁盘错误监测有非常严格的要求，在磁盘只有非常微小的错误时就会启动动态备盘；因此HDS公司对磁盘的品质要求也是非常苛刻的。通过HDSAMS系列的图形化管理软件可以看到系统在出厂时定义的磁盘错误检测的Threshold并且可以实时报告任何一个磁盘的错误计数，如下图：图SEQ图表\*ARABIC10、磁盘错误Threshold定义通过Threshold定义，当磁盘可恢复错误或不可恢复错误数累计超过定义的数字HDSAMS系统微码就会启动动态备盘操作。用户也可以通过管理软件实时观察当前磁盘的错误数量的累计计数。图SEQ图表\*ARABIC11、磁盘错误计数报告海量容量扩展和灵活的容量管理HDSAMS1000系统最大容量可以配置450块磁盘，在使用400G磁盘的情况下可以达到173.8TB的磁盘容量，并且支持不同容量的硬盘混装。不论是增加磁盘还是增加新的RKA，HDSAMS1000系统允许用户在线情况下扩展容量。HDSAMS10阵列系统都会有一个内部管理核叫做LUManagement，LUManagement将阵列内部的磁盘空间通过创建RAID组后规划成为LU（LogicUnit）并映射给（Mapping）主机使用。连接在存储系统上的主机通过LUN（LogicUnitNumber）来识别LU。通常的阵列系统在实现LU扩展都采用LUExpansion的方法，也就是在RAID组内的剩余的未使用的空间添加到一个LU中，如下图：此方法会带来很多问题：RAID组必须有可用空间，否则先要扩RAID组的容量LUN不能够跨RAID组，无法提供不同RAID级混合的LUN，不能优化系统性能。进行LU容量扩展的时间长，加长了计划停机的时间。因此在大型存储系统不采用这样的方法例如：HDS的HDSUSP系列、EMC的Symmetrix系列和IBM公司的Shark系列。有别于EMC和IBM公司HDS公司的HDSAMS系列可以支持通常的LU扩展，也支持HDS公司HDSUSP大型存储系统使用的LUConcatenation（LU连接）的方法。采用LUConcatenation的方法，如下图：采用LUConcatenation的方法不但可以灵活、方便的将LUN的容量扩展，同时也可以将不同RAID级别的不同RAID组中的LUN连接起来，如下图：SAN环境下的性能优化SAN环境下存储系统要能够胜任各种应用对存储系统性能的要求。总体来说，无论是什么样的应用其I/O特征都可以分为随机I/O和持续I/O两大类；不同的应用，随机I/O占所有I/O的比率不同；例如数据库应用大部分I/O是随机I/O。HDSAMS系统设计目标是能够胜任SAN系统中各种应用系统对存储的性能要求。HDSAMS系统可以通过FlashAccess来保证服务器对于一个LU操作的100%读写缓存命中；也可以通过管理软件针对每一个LU调整其I/O操作的适应性。FlashAccess保证100％的读写命中率HDS利用独有的FlashAccess技术可以保证服务器对LU进行读写操作时100%的命中率，这样就可以大大提高服务器随机I/O的性能。根据实际测试对于一个LU（RAID5）的随机性能可以提高8－10倍。FlashAccess利用缓存驻留技术将LU与缓存捆绑；对于有FlashAccess支持的LU，主机任何读写操作都在缓存完成，因此可以大大提高性能。在没有FlashAccess技术前为了提高数据库的性能用户需要单独购买“固态盘”（Solid-statedisk，SSD）；SSD使用RAM来仿真磁盘以提高系统的性能。对比FlashAccess，SSD没有后端的磁盘RAID技术作为依托在数据安全性上存在隐患；而FlashAccess的后端是磁盘RAID组，可以保证数据的安全。控制器1控制器1控制器2镜像LU＃LU＊在控制器1上为LU＃驻留的内存区在控制器2上为LU＊驻留的内存区通常的内存工作区性能监控和性能分析采样通过管理软件DAMP可以对HDSAMS中的所有LUN的性能进行单独I/O计数和性能监控。可以通过DAMP列出每个LUN上I/O性能指标如下图。也可以通过管理软件在一定时间间隔内的对用户指定的LUN或所有LUN进行性能分析采样。通过性能分析采样可以了解在一定时间内应用系统的I/O特征；并据此进行性能优化。性能分析采样的数据通过DAMP可以输出以方便用户进行更详尽的性能分析或建立系统性能记录日志。图12、性能监视全局调优和逻辑单元调优――适应SAN环境的多种调优方式SAN环境中连接的服务器各自的I/O特征不同因此要求存储系统具有对不同I/O特征有独立调优的能力；只有具备该能力才能完全满足SAN环境下复杂应用的要求。一般的存储系统只能够在阵列整体缓存控制上调整WaterMake，读写缓存全局参数。HDSAMS不仅具有以上的全局调优能力还能够针对LUN进行性能优化可以保证在SAN环境下存储系统最大的适应性。HDSAMS系统针对SAN环境应用的复杂性可以允许用户针对每个独立的LUN和针对SequentialI/O和RandomI/O来优化Cache操作。通过此参数可以针对RandomI/O调整性能进行全局调优通过此参数可以针对RandomI/O调整性能进行全局调优可以对任何一个LUN调整预读性能可以对任何一个LUN调整预读性能以实现针对应用的单独调优图13、多重调优场地要求物理尺寸HDSTagmaStoreAMS/WM系列包括AMS1000、AMS500、AMS1000、WMS100等多种型号，是安装在标准19英寸机架上的模块化存储。每个型号至少包含一个控制模块，根据不同的配置可以包含多个扩展模块。如果使用第三方的标准机架，需要配置安装WMS/AMS的托板，建议一块托板安装一个模块。DF700RKH/RKHE： AMS1000控制模块，没有磁盘，至少连接一个RKAJ扩展模块，最多还可以连接29个RKAJ或28个RKAJAT扩展模块；DF700RKAJ: FC磁盘扩展模块，最多安装15个FC磁盘；DF700RKAJAT: ATA磁盘扩展模块，最多安装15个ATA磁盘；机柜尺寸项目RKH/RKHERKAJ/RKAJATHDSRack说明宽(mm)483483609深(mm)650650900高(mm)174(4U)129(3U)2006(42U)电源需求HDSTagmaStoreAMS/WM系列的每个模块需要2路单相电源输入，2路电源互为冗余。随机附带的电源线接头是美式插头。项目RKH/RKHERKAJRKAJATHDSRack说明电源输入单相3线单相3线单相3线单相3线电源数目2路2路2路4路电压220V220V220V220V±6%开关额定电流12.5A10A10A20A满配置电源频率50Hz50Hz50Hz50Hz±1Hz工作电流1.3Ax21.3Ax21.2Ax2N/A功耗520VA560VA480VAN/A满配置散热量1875KJ/h1875KJ/h1730KJ/hN/A满配置模块重量47KG40KG40KG136KG满配置机房环境要求空气质量HDSTagmaStoreAMS/WM系列设备须安装于空调环境中，空气的温度及湿度均可调节；如从室外补充新风，需经滤网过滤，以保证空气的洁净度。空气从前面进入设备，从后面出来。机房环境要求参数运行状态说明温度(℃)10-40建议范围：21-24℃相对湿度%8-80建议范围：50%to55%湿度变化(℃/hour)≤10℃HDSAMS存储分配规则随机访问比较多的应用划分磁盘时建议做RAID0+1,顺序访问的应用做RAID5；访问量比较大的LUN均衡到多个RAID组中，避免热点盘过于集中；尽量分配同一容量的LUN，对于同一机器不同属性的应用（DB/FS），可分配不同容量的LUN；数据空间跟索引空间建议放在不同的RAID组中；对于HP需要做MC的双机，分配一个容量为100M的LUN作为锁盘；在主机端认到PV后，将PV与LUN、LUN与RaidGoup之间的对应关系作成表格交予系统管理员，以利于主机做条带化；同一个RAID组的LUN建议Onwer为同一个磁盘控制器；同一个应用业务尽量将I/O分担再两个磁盘控制器上；基本LUN的大小为50G一个HDSAMS存储分配规划6TBRAID5（300G）+6TBRAID10（146G）：磁盘摆放：RKA8300GBFCRKA7RKA6Spare300GBFCRKA5RKA4146GBFCRKA3RKA2RKA101234567891011121314磁盘划分：146G2D＋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＋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前端端口划分：存储前端端口应用系统名称服务器名称操作系统版本HBA卡WWN0-A0-B0-C0-D1-A1-B1-C1-D8TBRAID5（300G）+8TBRAID10（146G）：磁盘摆放：RKA10RKA9RKA8300GBFCRKA7RKA6Spare300GBFCRKA5RKA4146GBFCRKA3RKA2RKA101234567891011121314磁盘划分：146G2D＋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＋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