2020年08月自考00015英语(二)试题及答案

年8月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语(二)试题课程代码：00015一、阅读判断题(第1～10题，每题1分，共10分)下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A：如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。BicycleCommutingImaynotbeamoviestar,best-sellingauthor,ormillionairewhenIgrowup,butonethingIwillbeknownfor,atleastlocally,iscommutingbybicycle:It'ssadtoseehowfewpeopledo--eventhoughmanycould.Lotsofpeopleeagerlycampaignforthereductionofgreenhousegases,butbydrivingcars,they'restillcontributingtotheproblem.Youmightbepicturingmeasanextremeenvironmentalist(环保主义者),butI'mnotoneofthoseteenagerswhowearshirtsthatsay"Helpsavetheworld:Recycle."Actually,myinterestinexercise,health,andfitnessledmetocycling.Cyclingcanhelpyouloseweight,improveyourhealth,andpreventmanydiseases.Cyclingalsocarriesarelativelylowchanceofinjury.Whilebeinggoodforyourbody,bicyclecommutingisalsoagreatwaytocutgreenhousegases.Manyenvironmentalistsrecycle,planttrees,anddrivehybridcars(混合动力汽车),butbicyclecommutingcouldbeevenmoreeffectivethanallofthosecombined.Youcouldcutdowntheamountofgreenhousegasesjustbycommutingbybicycleafewtimesaweek.Bicyclecommutingsavesmoneytoo.Whenyoubuyyourbicycleandthethingsthatusuallygowithit,youmightbeshockedbythecost.Butifyouthinkabouttheincreasinglyhighgasprices,youwillknowforsurethatyoucansaveasignificantamounteachyearbynotdrivingacar.Youmightthinkthatyoudon'thavetimeforbicyclecommuting.Actually,youprobablydo.YoucouldcutbackonyourTVtimeandpickupthisactivity.Ithelpsyoucarefortheenvironment,savemoney,andmostimportantlygetfit.1.Iwillwriteabest-sellingbookoncycling.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven2.Manylocalpeoplecommutebybicycle.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven3.Iamdevotedtoenvironmentalprotection.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven4.Istartedcyclingtoimprovemyhealth.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven5.Peoplearelesslikelytogetinjuredwhilecycling.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven6.Peopledrivetoworkforconvenience.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven7.Bicyclecommutingcouldbemoreeffectiveinreducinggreenhousegases.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven8.Peopleareinagoodmoodwhilecycling.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven9.Gaspriceskeepgoingup.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven10.Bikesareinexpensivetomostpeople.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven二、阅读选择题：（第11-15题，每题2分，共10分）阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的4个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出1个最佳选项，并在答题卡相应位置上将该项涂黑。Spilt(打翻的)MilkIrecentlyheardastoryaboutafamousscientistwhohadmadeseveralveryimportantmedicalachievements.Hewasaskedwhyhewassomuchmorecreativethantheaverageperson.Herespondedthatitallcamefromanexperiencewhenhewasabouttwo.Hehadbeentryingtoremoveabottleofmilkfromtherefrigeratorwhenhelosthisgrip(紧握)anditfell,spilling(打翻)themilkalloverthefloor.Whenhismothercameintothekitchen,insteadofyellingathim,orpunishinghim,shesaid,"Robert,whatawonderfulmessyouhavemade!Well,thedamagehasalreadybeendone.Wouldyouliketoplayinthemilkforafewminutesbeforewecleanitup?"Indeed,hedid.Afterafewminutes,hismothersaid,"Robert,wheneveryoumakeamesslikethis,eventuallyyouhavetocleanitup.So,howwouldyouliketodothat?Wecoulduseasponge(海绵)oratowel.Whichdoyouprefer?"Hechosethespongeandtogethertheycleanedupthespiltmilk.Hismotherthensaid,"Youknow,whatwehavehereisafailedexperimentinhowtoeffectivelycarryabigmilkbottlewithtwotinyhands.Let'sgooutinthebackyardandfillthebottlewithwaterandseeifyoucandiscoverawaytocarryitwithoutdroppingit."Thelittleboylearnedthatifhegraspedthebottleatthetopnearthelipwithbothhands,hecouldcarryitwithoutdroppingit.Thescientistremarkedthatitwasthenthatheknewhedidn'tneedtobeafraidtomakemistakes.Instead,mistakeswerejustopportunitiesforlearningsomethingnew,whichis,afterall,whatscientificexperimentsareallabout.Eveniftheexperiment"doesn'twork,"weusuallylearnsomethingvaluablefromit.11.Thisstoryisaboutascientistwho（）A.wassmarterthantheaveragepersonB.achievedgreatsuccessinthemedicalfieldC.wasextraordinarywhenhewasyoungD.becamewell-knownafteraninterview12.Hegotthemilkspiltalloverthekitchenfloorbecausehe（）A.slippedandfellB.wasweakC.droppedthebottleD.wasnaughty13.Afterseeingthespiltmilk,hismother（）A.encouragedhimtoplayinthemilkB.forcedhimtocleanthekitchenC.shoutedathimD.cleanedthefloorherself14.Themotherandthesonwentoutinthebackyardto（）A.findawaytocarrythebottleB.searchforanewbottleC.fillthebottlewithmilkD.cleanthebottle15.Accordingtothetext,mistakesgiveuschancesto（）A.dosomeexperimentsB.teachachildalessonC.knowthetruthD.learnsomethingnew三、概括段落大意和补全句子：（第16-25题，每题1分，共10分）阅读下面短文，请完成短文后的2项测试任务：(1)从第16—20题后所绐的6个选项中为第①～⑤段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)从第21～25题后所给的6个选项中选择5个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。Volunteers①Volunteersarepeoplewhoworkwithoutbeingpaid.Theydotheworkbecausetheywantto.WeneedvolunteersbecausetherearemanythingsthatneedtobedoneinsocietywhichtheGovernmentcan'taffordtopayfor.②Volunteersaremotivatedbyadesiretohelpothersandtomaketheworldabetterplace.StatisticssuggestthatmorethanonemillionpeopledovoluntaryworkinNewZealand.Somevolunteersdothekindofworkthattheyareparticularlyinterestedin,butperhapshaven'thadthechancetododuringtheirworkinglives.Othersmakeuseoftheirprofessionalskillsandexperience.③Volunteerscontributetosocietyinanumberofways.Forexample,somegivetheirtimetohelppreservethenaturalenvironment.Whiletherearegovermnent-runprojectstomaintainnationalparksandforests,theprojectswouldnotsucceedwithoutvolunteers.Someenvironmentalorganizationsrelysolelyonvoluntarylabor.④"MealsonWheels"isavoluntaryorganizationrunbytheRedCross.Itdeliversmealstoelderlypeoplewhoareunabletocookforthemselves.Everyyearvolunteerdriversdeliveramillionmeals.Thisenableselderlypeopletoremainintheirownhouses.⑤VolunteerServiceAbroadwasstartedin1962.Itsendsvolunteerstopoorcountries.Tobeavolunteeryoushouldbebetweentheagesof25and77,ofgoodhealthandhaveaskillorabilitythatisrequestedbythecountry.Volunteersspendtwoyearshelpingthelocalpeopleimprovetheirlives.Twoyearsisalongtime,butwhentheyretum,manyvolunteerssay:"Itwasthebesttwoyearsofmylife."16.Paragraph①:17.Paragraph②:18.Paragraph③:19.Paragraph④:20.Paragraph⑤:A.WhypeoplewanttobevolunteersB.AnorganizationsendingvolunteersabroadC.AnorganizationdeliveringmealstotheelderlyD.DefinitionofvolunteersE.HowvolunteersareorganizedF.HowvolunteerscontributetosocietyTask221.Peopledovoluntaryworkbecausetheywantto22.Somevolunteershelpothersby23.Someorganizationsrelyonvolunteerstohelp24.Theelderlycanhavetheirmealsdeliveredwithout25.ManyvolunteersreturningfrompoorcountriesA.usingtheirprofessionalskillsB.findtheirexperiencerewardingC.preservethenaturalenvironmentD.helpothersE.leavingtheirhomesF.cookingfortheelderly四、填句补文（第26-30题，每题2分，共10分）下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，并在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。HowtoTalktoaDoctorIt'soneofthesaddestsituationsinmodemmedicine:Theaveragedoctor'sappointmentlasts15minutesorless.26Thatdoesn'tleavemuchtimeforchattingabouttheweatheroryourmood.Whatyoudon'trealize--butwhatIseeveryclearlyasadoctor--isthatwhatthepatientsaysismoreimportantthanever.27Theycanalsomakeitmuchharderformetofigureoutwhat'swrongwithyou.Medicalschoolsteachaspecificwaytoconductanofficevisit.Partoneisthecomplaint.28Parttwoisthephysicalexam.Andpartthreeiswhenthedoctorgivesyouadiagnosisandprescribestestsoratreatment.Chancesare,youfocusonpartthree,butthepatientswhoreceivethebestcarearethosewhomasterpartone.Thekeyistodescribeindetailwhatyou'vebeenfeeling--notjust"bad,"butwhatkindofbad,forhowlong,andafterwhatkindofactivity.29EventhoughI'vebeenadoctorformanyyears,ItendtobealittlenervouswhenI'mtheonesittingontheexamtable.IfIhaven'tprepared,IlosetrackofthedetailsIintendedtoshare.30Whenthedoctorasksyouquestions,youcanbemorespecific,andthediagnosisandtreatmentwillbemoreaccurate.Andtheremaybeafewminutesleftoverforalittlepleasantconversation!A.Itisalsocalledthedescriptionofyourproblem.B.SoItakeafewminutestowritedownsomecrucialdetails.C.Infact,yourdescriptionscanhelpmegiveyougreatcare.D.Nowonderyoufeelrushed.E.Ofcourse,that'seasiersaidthandone.F.Itiswisetoseeadoctorwithyourfriend.五、填词补文（第31-40题，每题1.5分，共15分）下面的短文有10处空白，短文后列出12个词，其中10个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，并在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。PlantingaGardenPlantingagardenisalotlikehavingafamily.Bothrequireagreatdealofwork,31astheygrowandastheseasons32.Assummerdayslengthen,yourplantsbecome33onyou,muchlikeyourchildrendependonyouforfoodanddrink.Like,a34childaskingfordrinkofwater,yourplantsdothesame.Theirbentbodyissuesademandmuchthewayyourchildrequestsmilkorjuice.Gettingenoughwater,theywouldthrivesoon.Youmightalsofindyouhaveto35thespacearoundyourplants,muchlikeyoupickuptoysandclothesthathavebeenthrowninyourkid'sroom.Similarly,rosesneedtobepruned(修剪),andweedsneedtobepulled.Tokeepchildrenhealthy,parentsprotecttheirchildrenagainstdiseasewith36,andgardenersdothesamewithinsectrepellent(驱虫剂).Tonourish(滋养)them,parents37childrenvitamins,andgardenersusefertilizer,asbothpromotehealthygrowth.Aschildrengrowup,theyneedlesscare.However,here'swherethesimilarityends.Whileplantsdieorbecome38duringwinter,children39maintainanimportantroleinthefamily,andparentswillfindtheir40doesnotcometoanend.A.strongE.medicineI.changeB.giveF.especiallyJ.inactiveC.responsibilityG.helpK.dependentD.thirstyH.cleanL.still六、完形补文（第41-50题，每题1.5分，共15分）下面的短文有10处空白，每处空白后的括号内有一个词，请根据短文内容将其正确的形式填入文中，以恢复文章原貌，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。WhatMakesUsDifferentThereasonEarthdiffer