广州新版八年级unit numbers 数词讲解

数词数词分基数词和序数词。基数词表示数目，序数词表示顺序。・1基数词（1）基数词的具体形式如下：从1——10one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten.从11——19eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen.注：标记为加粗的单词特殊记忆，其他的词都是由其个位数形式后添加后缀-teen构成。从21——99整数几十中除twenty,thirtyforty,fifty,eighty为特殊形式外，sixty,seventy,ninety都是其个位数形式后添加后缀-ty构成。表示几十几时，在几十和个位基数词形式之间添加连字符“-”21twenty-one7689993563475423百位数个数基数词形式加“hundred”,表示几百，在几十几与百位间加上and.lOlahundredandone千位数以上从数字的右端向左端数起，每三位数加一个逗号“,”。从右开始，第一个“,”前的数字后添加thousand（千），第二个“，”前面的数字后添加million（百万），第三个“，”前的数字后添加billion（十亿）。然后一节一节分别表示，两个逗号之间最大的数为百位数形式。2,648twothousandsixhundredandforty-eight同步练习()1.—Howlongisthenewbridge?Doyouknow?--Yes.It'sabout.onethousandonehundredandeightymetersonethousandandonehundredfiftymeterstwothousandsonehundredfortymeterstwothousandsseventyandthreemeters()2.Therearedaysinayear.threehundredandsixty-fiveB.threehundredandsixtyfivethreehundredsixty-fiveD.threehundredsandsixty-five()3.Nanjingisacitywithmanyplacesofinterest.touristscomehereeveryyear.A.ThousandofB.ThousandC.ThousandsD.Thousandsof()4.—HowmanypeoplearethereinChangsha?--AlionB.millionsC.millionsof()5.—HowmanypeoplewillcometoBeijingforthe01ympicGamesin2008?--It'shardtosay.eople,Ithink.MillionofB.MillionsofC.TwomillionsofD.Twomillionof基数词的用法基数词在表示确切的数字时，不能使用百、千、百万、十亿的复数形式；但是，当基数词表示不确切数字，如成百、成千上万，三三两两时，基数词则以复数形式出现。hundredsof数以百计Thousandsandthousandsof成千上万大厅里有数以百计的人。表示人的不确切岁数或年代，用几十的复数形式表示。inhisthirties在他三十多岁的时候inforties在四十多岁的时候inthel960s二十世纪六十年代他三十多岁时成为了教授。()6.DuringWorldWarII,aJewish(犹太的)ladywasprotected(保护)byalocalfamilyinShanghaiinher.A.fiftiesB.fiftyC.fiftiethD.thefiftieth基数词的句法功能基数词在句中可作主语、宾语、定语、表语、同位语。Thetwohappilyopenedthebox.两个人高兴地打开了盒子。(作主语)Ineedthreealtogether.我总共需要三个。(作宾语)Fourstudentsareplayingvolleyballoutside.四个学生在外面打排球。(作定语)Wearesixteen.我们是16个人。(作表语)Theythreetriedtofinishthetaskbeforesunset.他们三个人尽力想在日落前完成任务。(作同位语)基数词也可以表示顺序。只需将基数词放在它所修饰的名词之后即可，不需要添加定冠词。thefirstlesson=LessonOnethefifthpage=Page5(five)thetwenty-firstroom=Room21(twenty-one)()7.Jackisnowin.A.thethreegradeB.GradeThirdC.GradeThree()8.Nowchildren,turntopage_andlookatthe_pictureinLessonTwo.A.twentieth;oneB.twenty;oneC.twentieth;firstD.twenty;first时刻表示法六点半八点过一刻十一点四十五分五点四十分★在日常生活中，常用下列简单方法表示时间。以小时、分种为单位分别读出数字。6:31读作sixthirty-one14:03读作fourteenothree注：时刻表上的时间大多采用24小时表示法，这样就不需要用a.m.表示上午，p.m.表示下午了。

()9.--It'9:45.—Yes,It's.A.fifteenfromtenBaquartertotenCfifteenpastnineD.aquarterpastten2•序数词序数词的主要形式：A.从第一至第十九twelfthsixth、其中，one—first,two—second,three—third,five—fifth,eight—eighth,nine—ninth,twelve为特殊形式,其它的序数词都是由其相对应的基数词后面添加“th”构成。例如:six-nineteen—twelfthsixth、从第二十至第九十九整数|第几十的形式|由其对应的基数词改变结尾字母y为i,再加“eth”成。twentytwentieththirtythirtieth表示第几十几时，用几十的基数词形式加上连字符“一”和个位序数词形式一起表示。thirty-first第三-fifty-sixth第五十六seventy-third第七十三ninety-ninth第九十九第一百以上的多位序数词由基数词的形式变结尾部分为序数词形式来表示。onehundredandtwenty-first第一百二-序数词的缩写形式有时，序数词可以用缩写形式来表示。主要缩写形式有。firstlstsecond2ndthird3rdfourththsixth6thtwentieth20thtwenty-third23rd其中lst,2nd,3rd为特殊形式，其它的都是阿拉伯数字后加上th。口诀：基变序，有规律，first,second,third要牢记；其它变化有公式，基数词尾加-th;eight去t,nine去e;从twenty,thirty到ninety，需变y为ie;five和twelve，需将ve变f;若是遇到“几十几”，只变个位就可以。()9.Fridayisthedayoftheweek.()10.Hebelievedhisluckynumberwasten,sohedecidedtoliveonthefloor.A.lowestB.tenC.tenth()11.Ihavemadedumplings.Nowl'mmakingtheone.A.twenty;twentieth-firstB.twenty;twenty-firstC.twentieth;twenty-firstD.twenty;twenty-one序数词的用法A.序数词的句法功能序数词在句中可作主语、宾语、定语和表语。Thesecondiswhatlreallyneed.第二个是我真正需要的。(作主语)Hechoosethesecond.他挑选了第二个。(作宾语)Wearetocarryoutthefirstplan.我们将执行第一个计划。(作定语)Sheisthesecondinourclass.在我们班她是第二名。(作表语)注：序数词在使用时，通常前面要加定冠词the；但是如果序数词前出现不定冠词a或an时，则表^示再，^又。We'llgooveritasecondtime.我们得再念第二遍。完形填空Onedayamotherratandherbabieswereoutinanopenfield.Theywereplayingandhavingagoodtimewhensuddenlyahungrycatcameonthescene!Ithid_abigtreeandthenlookedforwardthroughthetallgrass2__itcouldalmosthearthemtalk.Beforethemotherratandherbabiesknew3hadhappened,thecatjumpedfromitshidingplaceandstartedtorun4_them.Themothercatandherbabiesallfledatonce.Theyhurriedtowards5home,whichwasunderapileoflargestones.Butthebabyratsweresoscared(害怕)thattheycouldnotrunvery6_.Closerandcloserthecatcame.Innotimethecatwouldbeuponthem.Whatwastobedone?Themotherratstoppedrunning,7roundandfacedthecat,shouting,"BowWow!BowWow!"justlike8angrydog.Thecatwassosurprisedandfrightenedthatitranaway.Themotherratturnedtothebabies,"Nowyousee9importantitistolearn__10secondlanguage!"()1A.onB.betweenC.byD.behind()2.A.beforeB.whenC.untilD.while()3AwhereB.whatC.whichD.when()4.A.overB.throughC.afterD.against()5.A.toB.forC.itsD.their()6.A.freelyB.hardlyC.soonD.quickly()7AturnedB.walkedCjumpedD.ran()8.A.aB.anC.theirD.that()9AsoB.whyC.whatD.how()1O.A.outB.theC.aD.an阅读理解Asachild,Iwasreallyafraidofthedarkandofgettinglost.Thesefearswereveryrealandcausedmesomeuncomfortablemoments.Maybeitwasthestrangewaythingslookedandsoundedinmyownroomatnightthatscaredmesomuch.Therewasnevercompletedarkness,butalwaysastreetlightorpassingcarlights,whichmadeclothesonthebackofachairtakeontheshapeofawildanimal.Outofthecornerofmyeye,Isawthecurtains(窗帘)seemtomovewhentherewasnowind.Averylowsoundinthefloorwouldseemahundredtimeslouderthanintheday.Myimagination(想象)wouldrunwild,andmyheartwouldbeatfast.Iwouldlieverystillsothatthe"enemy(敌人)"wouldnotdiscoverme.AnotherofmychildhoodfearswasthatIwouldgetlost,especiallyonthewayhomefromschool.EverymorningIgotontheschoolbusrightnearmyhome.Thatwasnoproblem.Afterschool,though,whenallthebuseswerelinedupalongthestreet,IwasafraidthatIwouldgetinthewrongoneandbetakentosomeotherstrangeplaces.Onschoolorfamilytripstoaparkoramuseum,Iwouldn'tlettheleadersoutofmysight.Perhapsoneoftheworstfearsofalllhadasachildwasthatofnotbeinglikedoracceptedbyothers.Beingpopularwassoimportanttomethen,andthefearofnotbeinglikedwasaseriousone.Oneoftheprocesses(过程)growingupisbeingabletorealizeandovercomeourfears.Understandingthethingsthatscaredusaschildrenhelpsusachievegreatersuccesslaterinlife.()l.Theauthorhadkind(s)offearswhenshewasachild.A.oneB.twoC.threeD.none()2.wouldscaretheauthoratnight.A.StreetlightandcarlightsB.WildanimalsandenemiesC.MovingcurtainsandwindD.Strangesightsandsounds()3.Whenshewenttosomeotherplaces,shewould.A.walkawaywithoutothersB.takeabusbyherselfC.followotherscloselyD.makesurenottotakeawrongbus()4.Whichofthefollowingwouldbepossiblytruewhenshewasachild?Shewasusuallypopularamongpeople.Shewasalwaystheleaderoftheothers.Shealways'gotpoorgrades.Shewasnotatalllikedbyothers.()5.Theunderlinedword"overcome"means""inChinese.A.接受B.忍受C.信服D.克服数词综合用法1、年月表示法2、(1).世纪可以用定冠词加序数词加世纪century|表示，也可以用|定冠词加百位进数加、s|表示3、thesixth(6th)century公元六世纪4、theeighteenth(18th)century公元十八世纪5、the1900's二十世纪the1600's十七世纪6、注：用百位数整数表示的世纪比这一百位阿拉伯数字本身多一个世纪。7、.年代用定冠词及基数词表示的世纪加十位整数的复数形式构成inthe1930's(inthethirtiesofthetwentiethcentury或inthenineteenthirties)在二十世纪三十年代inthe1860's(inthesixtiesofthe19thcentury或intheeighteensixties)在十九世纪六十年代.表示某年代的早期、中期和晚期，可以在定冠词后，年代前添加early，mid-，lateintheearly1920's在二十世纪二十年代早期inthemid-1950's在二十世纪五十年代中期.年月日表示法A.年份用基数词表示，一般写为阿拉伯数字，读时可以以hundred为单位，也可以以世纪、年代为单位分别来读。1949读作nineteenhundredandforty-nine或nineteenforty-nine1800读作eighteenhundred253读作twohundredandfifty-three或twofifty-three1902读作nineteenhundredandtwo或nineteenotwo表示在哪一年，一般在年数前加介词in,使用year时，bear放在数词之前|。intheyeartwofifty-threeB.C.在公元前253年但是，通常采用in加表示年份的阿拉伯数字。(18)月份,在哪个月用介词in加第一个字母大写的月份词表示。例如：inMay在五月；inJuly在七月。为了简便起见，月份与日期连用时，月份常用缩写形式表示。缩写形式除May，June，July外，其它的月份都由其前三个字母表示，但September除夕卜(SeptemberSept.)。JanuaryJan.—月FebruaryFeb.二月MarchMar.三月AprilApr.四月AugustAug.八月SeptemberSept.九月OctoberOct.十月NovemberNov.月DecemberDec.十二月★这里缩写形式后面加点不能省略|,因为它是表示缩写形式的符号。C.|日期用定冠词the加序数词表示。在哪一天要添加介词on。NationalDayisonOct.1.国庆节是十月一日。(读作Octoberfirst)此句也可以表示为NationalDayisonthe1stofOctober.May5五月五日(读作Mayfifth)也可以表示为thefifth(5th)ofMayMar.1(st)三月一日(读作Marchfirst或thefirstofMarch)(19)•表示不具体、不确切的时间如世纪、年代、年份、月份时，用介词in|表示，表示|具体确切的某一天用介词on表示通常情况下morning,afternoon,evening等词前用介词in。但是，当这些词前后有一修饰限定的词作为定语，把它们限定为某一天早晨、下午或晚上|时，介词in应改为网。这里的修饰限定词可以是介词短语、名词、形容词、定语从句等。(20)在一个寒冷的早晨，这个老人孤独地死在自己的房子里。我不愿意在我必须学习的晚上被打扰。这次事故发生在7月7日下午。星期一早晨我们将进行一次小测验。

2、加减乘除表示法3、(1).“|加”用plus,and或add表示；“等于”用is,make,equal等词表示。4、2+3=?可表示为：Howmuchistwoplusthree?5、2+3=5Twoplusthreeisfive.6、Twoandthreeisequaltofive.Twoandthreemakesfive.7、Twoaddedtothreeequalsfive.Ifweaddtwoto/andthree,wegetfive.8、.“|减”用minus或takefrom表示10—6=?Howmuchistenminussix?10-6=4Tenminussixisfour.Takesixfromtenandtheremainderisfour.Six(taken)fromtenisfour.(6).“乘”用time(动词)或multiply表示3X4=?Howmuchisthreetimesfour?3X4=12Threetimesfouris/aretwelve.Multiplythreebyfour,wegettwelve.Threemultipliedbyfourmakestwelve.(11).“除”用divide的过去分词(dvided)形式表示16m4=?Howmuchissixteendividedbyfour?16三4=4Sixteendividedbyfourisfour.Sixteendividedbyfourequals/gives/makesfour.(16)3、分数表示法(1).分数是由基数词和序数词一起来表示的。基数词作分子，序数词作分母，［除了分子是T”以外，其它情况下序数词都要用复数形式|。5、6、7、8、3/4threefourths或5、6、7、8、.当分数后面接名词时，如果|分数|表示的值大于1,名词用复数；小于1,名词用单数。11/2hours一个半小时(读作oneandahalfhours)23/4meters二又四分之三米(读作twoandthree-fourthsmeters)4/5meter五分之四米5/6inch六分之五英寸(6)4、小数表示法•小数用匿数词来表示，以小数点为界，小数点左首的数字为一个单位，表示整数，数字合起来读；小数点右首的数字为一个单位，表示小数，数字分开来读；小数点读作point,o读作zero或o［ou］，整数部分为零时，可以省略不读。0.4zeropointfour或pointfour零点四10.23tenpointtwothree十点二三25.67twenty-fivepointsixseven二十五点六七25.67twenty-fivepointsixseven二十五点六七1.03onepointothree—点零三(2).当数字值大于1时，小数后面的名词用复数，数字值小于1时，小数后面的名词用单数。1.03meters一点零三米0.49ton零点四九吨1.5tons—点五吨5、百分数表示法6、百分数用基数+percent表示7、50%fiftypercent百分之五十3%threepercent百分之三8、0.12%zeropointonetwopercent百分之零点一二9、这里的percent前半部per表示“每一”，cent这一后半部分表示“百”，所以百分之几中percent不用复数形式。10、11、数量表示法12、(1).表示长、宽、高、面积等，用基数词+单位词(meter,foot，inch，kilogram等)+形容词(long,wide，high等)表示，或者用基数词+单位词+in+名词(length,width，height，weight等)表示。13、twometerslong或twometersinlength2米长14、threefeethigh或threefeetinheight3英尺高15、fourincheswide或fourinchesinwidth4英寸宽16、Thisboxis2kilogramsinweight.这个盒子有两千克重。.表示|时间、距离时，使用含数词的名词所有格形式作定语。fiveminutes'walk(=five-minutewalk)步行五分钟(的距离)从我的家乡到我们大学是走路半小时的路程。.表示温度时，用belowzero表示零下温度，温度用基数词+degree(s)+单位词(centigrade摄氏或Fahrenheit华氏)表示。thirty-sixdegreescentigrade或36°C摄氏36度fourdegreesbelowzerocentigrade或-4C摄氏零下4度水在零度时结冰。水在摄氏一百度时沸腾。★这里的单位词在人们都很清楚是什么度量制度时，可以省略。Youare37C.(读作thirty-sevendegrees)你是三十七度。(摄氏)今天是零下七度。(摄氏)(13).由数词和其他名词构成的名词性短语作定语时，其中的名词用单数形式，名词性短语中各部分间要用连字符“-”来连接。她是个十六岁的女孩。(?????)1.Lincolnwasbornon.?A.February12,1809?B.1809,February12??C.1809,12February??D.February1809,12(?????)2.AboycansingtheEnglishsongverywell.?A.ten-year-old???B.tenyearsold???C.ten-year-old????D.fifthyearsold(?????)3.Anhourlater,ministerwassenttoseethe“magiccloth”wovenbythosetwomen.?A.two????B.thesecond????C.thetwo?????D.second(??????)4.AbrahamLincolnwasPresidentoftheUnitedStates.?A.16????B.thel6?????C.16th?????D.thel6thTOC\o"1-5"\h\z(?????)5.Doyouthinkthereisanyroomforus??A.two????B.thetwo????C.second????D.thesecond(?????)6.Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass???????????.?A.Twentynine????B.Thirtyandtwo????C.Forty-five????D.fifties(??????)7.Whichnumberiswrong?.?A.Ninety????B.Ninteen?????C.Ninth?????D.Nineteenth(??????)8.ThePeople'sLiberationArmywasfounded.?A.onAugust1,1927??B.in1927,1August??C.onAugust1st,1927??D.inAugust1,1927(?????)9.Thenumber4,123isread.?A.?????fourthousandonehundredandtwenty-three?B.fourthousandandonehundredtwenty-three?C.?????fourthousandandahundredandtwenty-three?D.fourthousandsahundredandtwenty-three(?????)10.Theoldprofessorstillworkshardthoughheis.?A.inhissixty???B.inhissixties????C.insixties????D.inthesixty(?????)11.Thisclassroomisours.?A.threetimesbigas?B.asthreetimesbigas?C.threetimesasbigas?D.asbigthreetimesas(?????)12.Thebasketballteamofourschoolranksinthematch.?A.three????B.third?????C.thethree??????D.thethird(?????)13.Whichisthecarthathedrives?It's.?A.fiftytwo???B.thefifty-twocars???C.thecarfiftyfour????D.thefifty-fourthcar(??)14.Whichofthefollowingiswrong?.?A.Heisafifteen-year-oldboy.???????B.Heisattheageof15.?C.Heisaboyof15.???????????????D.Heisfifteenyearold.(??)15.Ourschoolisnotverybig.Thereareonlystudents.?A.ninehundredsof??B.ninehundred???C.ninehundreds????D.ninehundredof课后习题(???)1.Howmanymagazinesdoyouhave?Ihave.?A.two????B.both?????C.twice?????D.thesecond(???)2.Threehundredthousandonehundredandseventymeans.?A.3,170????B.3,117?????C.300,170??????D.30,170(???)3.0nMay,peopletraveledroundthecountry.?A.thefirst,millions???B.thefirst,millionsof???first,themillionth???D.first,millions(??)4.ofthemarediningatschool.?A.Twelve?????B.Twelfth?????C.Thetwelve??????D.the12th(???)5.It's7:17isread.?A.sevenandseventeen??B.sevenseven??C.sevenoneseven???D.sevenseventeen(???)6.Fourtwoistwo.?A.plus?????B.minus??????C.times??????D.dividedby(???)7.Threefiveiseight.?A.plus????B.minus?????C.times?????D.dividedby(???)8.Threesevenistwenty-one.?A.plus????B.minus?????C.times?????D.dividedby(???)9.Forty-twosevenissix.?A.plus????B.minus?