William-Cullen-Bryant-威廉-卡伦-布莱恩特课件

WilliamCullenBryant威廉-卡伦-布莱恩特

(1794-1878)TheAmericanWordsworthOneofthegreatesttranslators:Iliad(伊利亚特)andOdyssey(奥德赛)DefinerofthecharacterandtoneofAmericanpoetry—lookingtonatureandAmericanlandscapeforevidenceofthedivine.William_Cullen_Bryant_威廉-卡伦-布莱恩特WilliamCullenBryant

(1794-1878)

thefirstAmericanlyricpoetWilliam_Cullen_Bryant_威廉-卡伦-布莱恩特1)Works

a)Poems1821b)TheFountain1842《诗选》《泉》Poe’sreputationwasfirstWilliam_Cullen_Bryant_威廉-卡伦-布莱恩特c)TheWhite-FootedDeer1844d)AForestHymn1860e)TheFloodofYears1878《白蹄鹿》《森林赋》《似水流年》William_Cullen_Bryant_威廉-卡伦-布莱恩特f)“ToaWaterfowl”1815g)“Thanatopsis”1817h)“TheYellowViolet”1814《致水鸟》《死亡随想》《黄色堇香花》William_Cullen_Bryant_威廉-卡伦-布莱恩特2）Life

Bryantwasapoet,andeditor.Hewasbornintoadoctor’sfamilyinMassachusetts.Hestartedtowritepoemswhenhewas14yearsold.William_Cullen_Bryant_威廉-卡伦-布莱恩特Bryantquittedhisstudyinuniversityandthenbecamealawyer.In1825,heturnedtojournalism.In1827,hebecameaneditorforEveningPostandwrotealotofpoliticalcriticism.Butitishispoetrywhichmadehimpopularamongpeople.William_Cullen_Bryant_威廉-卡伦-布莱恩特vHewasinfluencedbyGraveyardSchoolinEnglandandwrote“Thanatopsis”.HisbestworksarehislyricpoemsaboutnatureandsohisstyleisquitesimilartothatofWordsworth.William_Cullen_Bryant_威廉-卡伦-布莱恩特ThemostaccomplishedandpopularAmericanpoetofthefirsthalfofthenineteenthcentury,BryantalsowasthefirstAmericanpoettoreceivesubstantialinternationalacclaim.BryantisconsideredanearlyproponentofRomanticisminAmericanliterature,andhisworkisoftencomparedthematicallyandstylisticallytothatofEnglishRomanticpoetWilliamWordsworth.Opposingeighteenth-centurypoeticconventionsandusingexperimentaliambicrhythms,Bryant'spoetryusuallymeditatesonnatureandthetransienceofearthlythings.William_Cullen_Bryant_威廉-卡伦-布莱恩特Althoughitsthemeswerefewanditsthoughtnotprofound,Bryant'sversepossessedasimpledignityandanimpeccablerestrainedstyle,mostnotablyin"Thanatopsis"(1817)and"ToaWaterfowl"(1821),thepoemsforwhichheisbestremembered.SinceBryantalsospentmorethanfiftyyearsofhislifeaseditoroftheNewYorkEveningPost,acareerwhichranksamongthelongestinAmericanjournalism,heneverfullydevelopedhispoetictalents.However,Bryant'sliteraryeffortsmakehimanimportant,ifsomewhatoverlooked,figureinAmericanpoetry.William_Cullen_Bryant_威廉-卡伦-布莱恩特布赖恩特

威廉·柯伦·布莱恩特（WilliamBullenBryant,1794-1878），美国诗人和新闻记者。作为美国首位重要的自然派诗人，他经常被称为“美国的华兹华斯”。布莱恩特的作品受沃兹沃斯的影响，不过，他所描述的是美国有代表性的鸟语花香和其他自然美景。《死亡随想》是他在17岁之前创作的，表达了死亡不可避免、人们必须接受的哲学理念。布莱恩特做报社编辑长达50之久，对政治和社会问题很感兴趣。他采用无韵诗的形式翻译了荷马的《伊利亚特》（1870年）和《奥德赛》（2卷，1871-73年），保留了原诗的质朴和庄重。

William_Cullen_Bryant_威廉-卡伦-布莱恩特威廉·柯伦·布赖恩特

布莱恩特出生在马萨诸塞州的库明顿，在九岁之前就开始写诗。《禁运》（1808年）是他发表的第一部诗作，对杰斐逊政府进行了批评。在威廉斯学院读书一年后，布莱恩特成为一名律师。

1821年，布莱恩特在剑桥出版了一部诗集，收入了《死亡随想》、《致水鸟》，及其他早先发表在《北美评论》上的诗作。1824-25年间，他在《美国文学报》上发表了20到30首诗。。William_Cullen_Bryant_威廉-卡伦-布莱恩特Eachpairofunstressedandstressedsyllablesmakesupaunitcalledafoot.Thelinecontainsfivefeetinall,asshownnext:

1

2

3

4

5

shallI..|..comPARE..|..theeTO..|..aSUM..|..mer’sDAY?.......Afootcontaininganunstressedsyllablefollowedbyastressedsyllable(asabove)iscalledaniamb.Becausetherearefivefeetintheline,alliambic,themeterofthelineisiambicpentameter.William_Cullen_Bryant_威廉-卡伦-布莱恩特本诗的韵律分析

Ineachstanza,thepoetusesiambictrimeterinlines1and4butiambicpentameterinlines2and3.Thesecondstanzaillustratesthisformat:

.vainLYtheFOWLer’sEYE

threeiambicfeetmightMARKthyDISTantFLIGHTtoDOtheeWRONG,fiveiambicfeetas,DARKlySEENaGAINSTtheCRIMsonSKY,fiveiambicfeetthyFIGureFLOATSaLONG.threeiambicfeetWilliam_Cullen_Bryant_威廉-卡伦-布莱恩特"ToaWaterfowl""ToaWaterfowl"isalyricpoemofeightfour-linestanzaspresentingthemusingsofapersonobservingasoaringwaterfowl.Bryantcompletedthepoemin1818andpublisheditinacollection,Poems,in1821.AccordingtobiographerParkeGodwin,BryantwastravelingfromCummington,Massachusetts,toPlainfieldwhenhesawahigh-flyingbirdthatlaterinspiredhimtowritethepoem,oneofhismostpopular.William_Cullen_Bryant_威廉-卡伦-布莱恩特

ToaWaterfowl

Whither,midstfallingdew,Whileglowtheheavenswiththelaststepsofday,Far,throughtheirrosydepths,dostthoupursue

Thysolitaryway?

Vainlythefowler'seyeMightmarkthydistantflighttodotheewrong,As,darklyseenagainstthecrimsonsky,

Thyfigurefloatsalong.

Seek'stthoutheplashybrinkOfweedylake,ormargeofriverwide,Orwheretherockingbillowsriseandsink

Onthechafedocean-side?William_Cullen_Bryant_威廉-卡伦-布莱恩特

ThereisaPowerwhosecareTeachesthywayalongthatpathlesscoast—Thedesertandillimitableair—

Lonewandering,butnotlost.

Alldaythywingshavefanned,Atthatfarheight,thecold,thinatmosphere,Yetstoopnot,weary,tothewelcomeland,

Thoughthedarknightisnear.

Andsoonthattoilshallend;Soonshaltthoufindasummerhome,andrest,Andscreamamongthyfellows;reedsshallbend,

Soon,o'erthyshelterednest.William_Cullen_Bryant_威廉-卡伦-布莱恩特

Thou'rtgone,theabyssofheavenHathswallowedupthyform;yet,onmyheartDeeplyhathsunkthelessonthouhastgiven,

Andshallnotsoondepart.He,who,fromzonetozone,Guidedthroughtheboundlessskythycertainflight,InthelongwaythatImusttreadalone,Willleadmystepsaright.William_Cullen_Bryant_威廉-卡伦-布莱恩特Summary

Thepoetquestionswherethewaterfowlisgoing.Hequestionshismotivesforflying.Hewarnsthewaterfowlthathecouldpossiblyfinddanger,travelingalone.But,thiswaterfowlisnotalone.HeknowsthatthewaterfowlisbeingledbysomePower.Asthewaterfowlreachesoutofthenarrator'ssight,thenarratorreflectsonGod'sguidanceinhisownlife.ThenarratorissurethatGodhasledthiswaterfowl,andthatthewaterfowlhadfaithinthenarrator.Now,thenarrator'sfaithisstrengthened.HeknowsthatGodisguidinghimaswell.William_Cullen_Bryant_威廉-卡伦-布莱恩特Whither,midstfallingdew,Whileglowtheheavenswiththelaststepsofday,Far,throughtheirrosydepths,dostthoupursue

Thysolitaryway?你要去往何方？露珠正在坠落，

天穹闪耀着白昼最后的脚步，

远远地，穿过玫瑰色的深处，

你求索着孤独的道路。William_Cullen_Bryant_威廉-卡伦-布莱恩特Vainlythefowler'seyeMightmarkthydistantflighttodotheewrong,As,darklyseenagainstthecrimsonsky,Thyfigurefloatsalong.也许，猎鸟者的眼睛

徒劳地看着你远飞，想要伤害你，

当红色的天空衬着你的身影，

你飘摇而去。

William_Cullen_Bryant_威廉-卡伦-布莱恩特Seek'stthoutheplashybrinkOfweedylake,ormargeofriverwide,Orwheretherockingbillowsriseandsink

Onthechafedocean-side?你想要飞往何处？

要寻觅杂草丛生、潮湿的湖岸？

大河的边沿，还是磨损的海滩？

那里有动荡的巨浪起起落落

William_Cullen_Bryant_威廉-卡伦-布莱恩特

ThereisaPowerwhosecareTeachesthywayalongthatpathlesscoast—Thedesertandillimitableair—

Lonewandering,butnotlost.

有一种力量关照着你，

教导你在无路的海滨，

荒漠和浩淼的长空，

独自漫游，不会迷失。William_Cullen_Bryant_威廉-卡伦-布莱恩特

Alldaythywingshavefanned,Atthatfarheight,thecold,thinatmosphere,Yetstoopnot,weary,tothewelcomeland,

Thoughthedarknightisnear.

你整天拍打着翅膀，

扇着远天那寒冷的稀薄大气，

尽管黑夜已靠近，你已疲惫

也不肯屈尊降落安全的大地。William_Cullen_Bryant_威廉-卡伦-布莱恩特

Andsoonthattoilshallend;Soonshaltthoufindasummerhome,andrest,Andscreamamongthyfellows;reedsshallbend,

Soon,o'erthyshelterednest.

不久那折磨就会结束；

不久你就会找到夏天的家，歇下，

在同伴间欢叫；不久

芦苇将弯下，在你隐蔽的巢上。

William_Cullen_Bryant_威廉-卡伦-布莱恩特

Thou'rtgone,theabyssofheavenHathswallowedupthyform;yet,onmyheart