英语语音重读sentence-stress

SentenceStress(句子重音)Sentencestress—stressedwordsandunstressedwordsinasentence:

Sentencestressistherelativedegreeofforcegiventodifferentwordsinasentence.Generalrulesforsentencestress—whattostressinasentence?

*InanEnglishutterance,contentwords/informationwordsaregenerallystressedwhilefunctionwordsareunstressed.*Ingeneral,stressedwordsgiveinformationtothelistenerandunstressedwordsjointheinformationwordstogether.*Ifyoustressallthewordsinanutterance,youmaysoundunpleasantorevencausemisunderstandingbecauseyouaregivingtoomuchinformation,andEnglishspeakersusuallystressallwordsonlywhentheyareimpatient,angry,orveryserious.*CorrectpronunciationofstressedandunstressedwordsisthusextremelyimportantforeffectivecommunicationinEnglish.第一页，编辑于星期四：十二点四十二分。SentenceStress

(句子重音)contentwords/informationwords:

nounsverbs(fullverbsinsteadofauxiliaryverbs)adjectivesandadverbsdemonstratives:this,that,these,thoseinterrogatives:who,when,why,etc.numerals:one,two,first,second,etc.

functionwords:

articlesandprepositionspersonalpronouns:I,me,he,him,etc.possessiveadjectives:my,his,your,etc.relativepronouns:who,that,which,etc.commonconjunctions:and,but,that,as,if,etc.theword“one”usedasanoun-substitutetheverbs“be”,“have”andauxiliaryverbs第二页，编辑于星期四：十二点四十二分。SentenceStress(句子重音)ThreelevelsofstressinEnglishsentences:1.stronglystressed(focuswords)2.stressed(contentwords)3.unstressed(functionwords)Specialattentionshouldbepaidtothefollowing:1.Thestressingofthenoun“street”:stressedwhenusedasacommonnoun;unstressedwhenusedinnamesofstreets:

Isawhiminthe"street.//Isawhimin"NorthStreet.2.Thestressingofreflexivepronounsandemphaticpronouns:reflexivepronouns“oneself”arenormallyunstressed;emphaticpronoun“oneself”(meaning“alone,withoutanyoneelse”)arestressed:

I’ve"cutmyself.

//

I

lockeditmy"self.第三页，编辑于星期四：十二点四十二分。SentenceStress(句子重音)3.Thestressingofreciprocalpronoun“eachother”:“eachother”isgenerallynotstressed:

They"likeeachother.4.Thestressingofcompoundpronouns:“somebody,someone,something,anybody,anyone,anything”arestressedwhenusedassubjects,butunstressedwhenusedasobjects;“nobody,nothing”arenormallystressed:

"Someonewaspoundingonthedoor.

Ioftenfishforhourswithout"catchinganything.

Icouldn’tjuststandbyanddo"nothing.

"Nothingeverhappensaroundhere.Iknockedonthedoorbut"nobodyanswered.Isaw"nobodythere.第四页，编辑于星期四：十二点四十二分。SentenceStress(句子重音)5.Thestressingofauxiliaryverbs(including“be”and“have”)inquestionsandnegativeforms:auxiliaryverbsatthebeginningofgeneralquestionsortagquestionscanbestressed;auxiliaryverbsareusuallystressedincontractednegativeforms:

"Haveyoufinished?/

Haveyoufinished?

You"haven’tfinished,"haveyou?/haveyou?She"isn’tadoctor,"isshe?/

isshe?He"doesn’tlikeit.You"mustn’tdoit.6.Thestressingof“may”and“might”:stressedwhenusedtoexpresspossibility;unstressedwhenusedtoexpresspermission:

I"maybelate,sodon’twaitforme.//MayIleavenow?第五页，编辑于星期四：十二点四十二分。SentenceStress(句子重音)7.Thestressingoftheadverb“there”:unstressedin“theretobe”:

Thehousehasmanyroomsandthereisalovelygarden.8.Thestressingofconjunctionswithanemphaticmeaning:conjunctionswithanemphaticmeaningareusuallystressed:

Well,"althoughIamveryhungry,I’llwaitanothertenminutes,"evenifIdieofhunger.9.Thestressingofrepeatedwords:Whenanutterancecontainsawordwhichhasjustbeenused,therepeatedwordisgenerallynotstressed:

—Howmany"timeshaveyoubeenthere?

—"Threetimes.

第六页，编辑于星期四：十二点四十二分。SentenceStress(句子重音)Practice:Listening—wordstressforinformation

Listentothefollowingconversations.Writetheinformationintheappropriateboxinthetable.ConversationAservesasanexample.

Example:

A

—Hi,Bob.Areyougoingtothelibrary?—Ihavetogotothebookstore.Ineedtogetsomebooks.—Whenareyougoing?—Inanhour.第七页，编辑于星期四：十二点四十二分。SentenceStress(句子重音)ListenforinformationconversationwhowhatwherewhenABobbuybooksbookstoreinanhourBCDEPatfinishareportinthelabinafewminutesLindatakeavacationParisfromAug.5toAug.18GloriahaveapartyatGloria’splacetomorrow

nightLucygotoaninterviewatanschoolinthesouthernpartofthecitytomorrow第八页，编辑于星期四：十二点四十二分。SentenceStress(句子重音)B—I’mgoingtothelibrary.Wouldyouliketocometoo,Pat?—I’msorry,butIhavetoworkinthelab.Ihavetofinishmyreport.—Oh,Isee.Areyougoingnow?—I’llbereadyinafewminutes.C—Areyoutakingavacationthissummer,Linda?—Sure.I’llbeawayfromAugust5toAugust18.—Whereareyougoing?—Paris.第九页，编辑于星期四：十二点四十二分。SentenceStress(句子重音)D—Areyouplanningabigparty,Gloria?—Yes,John’sgoing-awayparty.—That’snice.CanIcometoo?—Ofcourse.We’llhaveitatmyplacetomorrownight.E—Haveyougotyourteachingposition,Lucy?—No,butI’mgoingtotheinterviewtomorrow.—Istheschoolfaraway?—Well,it’sinthesouthernpartofthecity.第十页，编辑于星期四：十二点四十二分。SentenceStress(句子重音)Practice:Listening—stresspatterns

Listentothefollowingtalkandmarkthestresspatternsofthewordsandwordgroups.GivingaManaFishThereisanoldsaying:“Giveamanafish;youhavefedhimfortoday.Teachamantofish,andyouhavefedhimforalifetime.”Thissaying,however,maynolongerbetruetoday.Thereasonisoverfishing.Theproblemofoverfishingisspreading.Sinceanyonecanfish,manypeopledo.Aroundtheworld,thenumberoffishermenandfishfarmersisgrowing.Thetotalhasmorethandoubledinthepast25years.Whentoomanypeoplefish,toomanyfisharecaught.Thedaysofteachingpeopletofishmaybeover.Newsolutionstothisproblemmustbefound,beforetherearenomorefishtoeat.第十一页，编辑于星期四：十二点四十二分。SentenceStress(句子重音)Example:problem____________1.anoldsaying____________2.giveamanafish____________3.fortoday____________4.foralifetime____________5.nolonger____________6.betruetoday____________7.overfishing____________8.theproblemof____________9.aroundtheworld____________10.the