纽马克及交际翻译理论

PETERNEWMARK&COMMUNICATIVETRANSLATIONTHEORYayeah2023.10.5文APeterNewmark1916~2011oneofthemainfiguresinthefoundingofTranslationStudiesintheEnglish-speakingworldintwentiethcentury;veryinfluentialintheSpanish-speakingworld;widelyreadthroughaseriesofaccessibleandoccasionallypolemicalworks;associatedwiththefoundinganddevelopmentoftheCentreforTranslationStudiesatSurreychairoftheeditorialboardoftheJournalofSpecializedTranslation;"TranslationNow"bimonthlyforTheLinguistanEditorialBoardMemberoftheInstituteofLinguists.Profile文ABrno

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theCzechRepublicEarlyLifeFRLeavis(1895–1978)AnthonyBlunt(1907–1983)RugbySchool文AAnthonyBlunt(1907–1983)CareerHolbornCollegeofLaw,LanguagesandCommerce文ACentreforTranslationStudiesatSurreyAmnestyInternationalMajorWorks《翻译教程》1988《翻译短评》1989《论翻译》1991《翻译短评》21998文A《翻译问题探讨》1981semantic&communicativetranslationmasterpiecesWhatisTranslation?Translationisacraftconsistingintheattempttoreplaceawrittenmessageand/orstatementinonelanguagebythesamemessageand/orstatementinanotherlanguage.翻译就是把一个文本的意义按作者所想的方式移译入另一种文字(语言)。ScienceSkillArtTaste文A“Translationisconcernedwithmoralandfactualtruth.Thistruthcanonlybeeffectivelyrenderedifitisgraspedbythereader,andthatisthepurposeandtheendoftranslation.”“theroleoftranslationasapoliticalweaponthatcanandmustbeusedtodefendhumanrightsandtofavorunderstandingandpeace.”文AWhatisTranslation?文ASLTextComprehensionFormulation(Recreation/Reproduction)TLTextProcessofTranslationThreeTypesofTexts文ATypesFocusExamplesExpressivetoexpresstheirmeaning，withoutconsideringthereader'sreactionSeriousliteraryworks,includinglyrics,shortstories,novels,dramas,etc.Authoritativespeeches,mainlypoliticalspeechesanddocumentsofpoliticalfigures,lawsandregulations,philosophyandacademicwriting.Informativetheexternalcontext,thefactofthetopicorfactorsotherthanthelanguagetextbooks,technicalreports,newspaperormagazinearticles,academicpapers,memosormeetingminutes,etc.Vocativetocallthereaderstoact,think,feelorreactaccordingtotheauthor'sintentionincludesinstructions,promotionalmaterials。ads,applications,casematerials,popularreadings(textsthatarefunandeducational),etc.SLemphasis(Biased)TLemphasis(Biased)Word-for-wordtranslation逐词翻译8.Adaptation改写2.Literaltranslation直译7.Freetranslation自由翻译3.Faithfultranslation忠实翻译6.Idiomatictranslation习语翻译4.Semantictranslation语义翻译5.Communicativetranslation交际翻译TranslationMethods文ASLemphasis(Biased)TLemphasis(Biased)Word-for-wordtranslation逐词翻译8.Adaptation改写2.Literaltranslation直译7.Freetranslation自由翻译3.Faithfultranslation忠实翻译6.Idiomatictranslation习语翻译4.Semantictranslation语义翻译5.Communicativetranslation交际翻译TranslationMethods文ACommunicativeTranslationvs.SemanticTranslation文ATypesAttemptsFocusCommunicativetranslationtoproduceonitsreadersaneffectwhichisequivalenttothatofreadersoftheoriginal.thesameeffectSemantictranslationtofollowcloselythesemanticandsyntacticstructuresoftheoriginal,theexactcontextualmeaningoftheoriginal.similarstructure,theexactcontextualmeaningCommunicativeTranslationvs.SemanticTranslation文A原文交际翻译语义翻译1Wetpaint！小心油漆！油漆未干！2Sheisawifewhoisawifeindeed.她真是位贤妻良母。她真是一位有一般妻子所具有的品德的妻子。3Donotcoughmorethanyoucanhelp.能不咳就不咳。不要比你能够忍耐的咳得更多。CommunicativeTranslationSemanticTranslationTLorientedorbiasedSLorientedorbiasedwrittenatthereadershiplevelwrittenattheauthor'slinguisticlevelexplainsinterpretsusuallylesseconomicalunlesspoorlywrittenmoreeconomicalfaithful-freerfaithful-moreliteraleffectiveinformativeclearer,simpler,smootherbutlonger,detailed,morecomplexbutbrieferunder-translatedover-translated:morespecificthantheoriginalmaintainsmessagemaintainsmeaningtheproductofatranslationteamusuallyaworkofonetranslatorusuallyusedforinformativeandvocativetextsusuallyusedforexpressivetextsCommunicativeTranslationvs.SemanticTranslation文AThankyouforyourattention!ayeah2023.10延迟符号文ARefer