仁爱英语八年级上期中复习纲要知识分享

此文档仅供收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除此文档仅供收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除只供学习与交流只供学习与交流此文档仅供收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除只供学习与交流（仁爱）八年级上期中考试复习纲要---英语期中考试时间：11月中旬期中考试范围：一、二单元考试知识点梳理及典型例题：考点一：begoingto、will、be+doing现在进行时结构表示一般将来时①begoingto+动词原形，表示即将发生的动作或情况。be动词随着主语的人称和数的变化而变化；否定句：主语+be+not+goingto+动词原形一般疑问句：Be+主语+goingto+动词原形回答为：Yes,主语+be;No,主语+benot.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be+主语+goingto+动词原形therebe句型用在一般将来时中，其结构为：Thereis/aregoingtobe…/Therewillbe…注意：have不可以出现在therebe句型中；典型例题()1.—There_____atalkabouthowtolearnEnglishthisSaturday.—Excitingnews.A.aregoingtobeB.isgoingtobeC.isgoingtohaveD.willhave()2.There_____moreroads,treesandtallerbuildingsinBeijinginthefuture.A.isgoingtobeB.willhaveC.willbeD.aregoingtohave②will/shall+动词原形，表示一般将来时。shall一般用于第一人称I,we；当人称代词与will连用时，will可缩写为“’ll”否定句：主语+will+not(won’t)+动词原形一般疑问句：Will+主语+动词原形回答：Yes,主语+will;No,主语+won’t.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+will+主语+动词原形注意：一般用shall提问的时候，不用shall回答典型例题()1.—ShallItakemycameraforthepicnic?—______.It’llbefun.A.Goodidea!B.I’dlovetoC.I’msorrytohearthatD.Thanks.()2.—There_____abasketballgamebetweenourclassandClassFivethisafternoon.Wouldyouliketocheerusonwithme?—Yes,I’dloveto.A.haveB.willbeC.willhaveD.aregoingto③主语+bedoing，可以用现在进行时表示将来要发生的事，能用于这种情况的动词多是一些表示位置转移的词，例如leave,come,go,arrive,fly等，都可用现在进行时表示将来；典型例题()1.LiPing______theUSAthedayaftertomorrowwithherparents.A.leavestoB.lefttoC.isleavingforD.leavesfor()2.Mysister_____Beijingtomorrow.Sheworksthere.A.leavesB.isleavingforC.leavesforD.isleaving考点二：：主语+谓语动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(Unit1Topic2)在英语中，有些及物动词可以跟两个宾语，一个叫间接宾语，一个叫直接宾语，物作直接宾语，人作间接宾语；主语+谓语+间接宾语（人）+直接宾语（物）=主语+谓语+直接宾语（物）+介词+间接宾语（人）常见的能跟双宾语的动词有：pass,kick,bring,throw,buy,lend等kicksb.sth.=kicksth.tosb.passsb.sth.=passsth.tosb.buysb.sth.=buysth.forsb.典型例题1.Pleasepassmethebook!(改为同义句)Pleasepassthebook____________.考点三：情态动词的用法(Unit2Topic1,2,3)情态动词后接动词原形，没有人称时态和数的变化；否定形式直接+not;=1\*GB3①should/shouldn’t+动词原形，意为“应该/不应该……”,表示现在或将来的义务和责任，也用来表示劝告，提出建议等=2\*GB3②hadbetter/hadbetternot+动词原形，意为“最好/最好不要……”,表示对别人的劝告，建议或表示一种愿望。had常缩写为’d,没有人称和时态变化；You’dbetternotreadinthesun.你最好不要在阳光下读书；=3\*GB3③must+动词原形，意为“必须，一定要”，表示说话人的意志和义务或说话人强烈的的要求和命令；must的否定形式为mustn’t,表示“不应该，不准，禁止”；一般疑问句，将must提前至主语，肯定回答用must,否定回答用neen’t或don’thaveto;—MustIgonow?我现在必须走吗？—Yes,youmust./No,youneedn’t/don’thaveto.是的，你必须走。/不，你不必；=4\*GB3④can/may+动词原形can表示能力，意为“能，会”，可与beableto互换；表示允许，意为“可以，能够”，在口语中代替may;Can/MayIborrowyourpen?我可以借一下你的笔吗？表示“可能性”，常用于否定句或疑问句Canitbetrue?那会是真的吗？may,意为“可以”，表示允许或征询对方的许可；在回答may引导的疑问句时，肯定回答用Yes,youmay;否定回答用No,youmustn’t./No,youcan’t.=5\*GB3⑤haveto+动词原形，意为“不得不，必须”，have有has,have,had三种变形；否定句：主语+don’t/doesn’t/didn’thaveto+动词原形一般疑问句：Do/Does/Did+主语+haveto+动词原形肯定回答：Yes,youdo.否定回答：No,youdon’t.典型例题：()1.—MustIreturnthebooktomorrowmorning?—No,you_____.You_____keepitforthreedays.A.mustn’t;may B.mustn’t;must C.needn’t;can D.needn’t;must()2.She_____knowtheanswer,butI’mnotsure.A.needB.

hastoC.

mayD.

must()3.—I’msorryIbrokethewindow.—You____playfootballnearthewindow.A.should B.shouldn’t C.hadbetter D.must()4.—MayIuseyourpen?—Sure,______.A.mypleasureB.I’mafraidnotC.goaheadD.that’sOK.()5.—MustItalkwithmyfather,Mum?—No,______.Heisbusynow.A.youcan’tB.youdon’thavetoC.mustn’tD.havenotto()6.—MustIfinishmyhomeworkbeforeIgohome?—No,you_____.Butyou_____finishitbeforetomorrowafternoon.A.mustn’t;mustB.must;mustn’tC.needn’t;mustD.needn’t;mustn’t考点四：takepartin,joinin和join(Unit1Topic1)三者都有“参加”的意思，但是用法不同：join表示加入某人，或者加入某一组织，例如army（军队）,party（党派）,club（俱乐部）等；takepartin/joinin表示参加某项活动，例如game（比赛）,sportsmeet（运动会）等典型例题()1.—Whatareyougoingtodointhesportsmeet?—I’mgoingto______thehighjump.A.joinB.takepartinC.beD.takepart()2.Mybrotherisgoingto_____thebasketballteam.Helikesbasketballverymuch.A.joined B.takepartin C.join D.tookpartin考点五：Itis+形容词+todosth.句型(Unit1Topic2)Itis+形容词+（forsb.）+todosth.意为“(对于某人而言）做……是……的”。这是一个由it作形式主语的句型，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式；ItisimportantforustolearnEnglishwell.（形容词important是修饰tolearnEnglishwell的）对于我们来说，学好英语是重要的；*对比：Itis+形容词+(ofsb.)+todosth.意为“(某人)做……是……的”，形容词是修饰sb.的；Itiskindofyoutohelpme.（形容词kind是修饰you的）你帮助我太好了。典型例题：()1.______necessarytokeepourschoolclean.This B.That C.It’s D.One()2.Itisimportant______us_____learnEnglishwell.A.for;to. B.to;to. C.for;in D.to;in()3.—Doyouthink_____isnecessary______studentstosleepforeighthourseveryday?—Yes,Ithinkso.A.it;forB.it;ofC.that;forD.that;of考点六：Howlong与Howoften(Unit1Topic1)=1\*GB3①Howoften是对频率的提问，意为“多久一次”，回答往往是表示频率的词，如“Once/Twiceaweek”,“基数词+times”等；例：—Howoftendoyouexercise?你多久锻炼一次；—Twiceaweek.一周两次=2\*GB3②Howlong是对时间段的提问，意为“多长时间/多久……”,回答往往是时间段，如“Twoweeks”,“Amonth”等；例：—HowlongwillyoustayinBeijing?—Abouttwomonths.典型例题：()1.—______doyoureadnewspaper?—Everyday.Ithinkit’sgoodforus.A.Howlong B.HowoftenC.Howmany D.Howmuch()2.—______haveyoubeenlikethis?—Threeweeks.Howlong B.Howoften C.Howfar D.Howsoon()3.—______isshegoingtoplaythegame?—Abouttwohours.A.WhenB.HowoftenC.HowlongD.Howsoon考点七：Wouldyouminddoingsth…?句型（Unit1Topic2）Would/Doyouminddoingsth…?意为“你介意做某事吗？”，常用来表示委婉的请求；回答时，表示可以，用：Notatall./Ofcoursenot./Certainlynot./表示介意，反对，用：Sorry./I’msorryaboutthat./You’dbetternot./I’mafraidyoucan’t.否定形式为mindnot+doingsth.意为“介意不做某事吗？”例：Wouldyoumindnotsmokinghere?请你不要在这里吸烟好吗？典型例题()1.—Wouldyoumind______thewindow?—Ofcoursenot.Ifeelhot,too.A.notopenB.notopeningC.myopeningD.toopen()2.—Wouldyoumind______here?—I’msorryaboutthat.Iwon’tdoitagain.A.nottakingphotosB.notakephotosC.nottakingphotosD.nottakephotos()3.—Wouldyoumind______thewindow,please?It’stoocold.—Ofcoursenot.A.openingB.toopenC.closingD.toclose()4.—Wouldyoumindmy______here,Mary?—You’dbetternot.It’sforMissSmith.A.sittingB.sitC.satD.tosit考点八：boys’800-meterrace数词+名词+形容词结构boys’800-meterrace意为“男子800米撒泡”，这是一个“数词+名词+形容词结构”，通常作定语，其中每两单词之间加一个连词符，其中的名词要用单数形式；注意：boys’意为“男子的……”,在boy的后面加s’;典型例题()1.WehadasportsmeetlastSunday.Itookpartinthe_______race.A.boy’s800-meterB.boy’s800meterC.boys’800-meterD.boys’800meter()2.LiMingwilltakepartintheboys’______.A.800-meterraceB.800-meterracesC.800meterraceD.800-meter-races()3.Ihaveabadcold.Iwanttoaskfor_____leave.A.twodaysB.atwo-daysC.atwo-dayD.two-day考点九：excited与excitingexcited形容词，意为“（人）感到激动的，兴奋的”，主语一般为人；例：Thestudentswereexcitedaboutthegoodnews.学生们对这个好消息感到很激动。exciting形容词，意为“（事物）令人激动的”，一般修饰事物；例：Themovieisexciting.这场电影很令人兴奋。典型例题()1.Hewasso______whenheheardthe______newsthathegotfirstplaceinthematch.A.excited;excitingB.exciting;excitedC.excited;excitedD.exciting;exciting考点十：enough的用法enough形容词意为“足够的，充分的”，作定语或表语；例：enoughtime足够的时间enoughmoney足够的钱enough副词，意为“足够地；充足地”，位于形容词或副词之后；例：carefulenough足够认真quicklyenough足够快典型例题()1.—HowoldisJim?—Heis7yearsold.Heis______togotoschool.A.oldenoughB.youngenoughC.enougholdD.enoughyoung()2.Don’tworry.Heis______totakecareofhimself.A.carefullyenoughB.enoughcarefulC.carefulenoughD.enoughcarefully()3.Don’tworry.Wehave_____timetocatchthelastbus.A.enoughB.afewC.littleD.lotof考点十：不定代词something,anything,nothing等都是不定代词。当形容词修饰不定代词时，修饰词要放在这些不定代词的后面；例：Ihavenothinginterestingtotellyou.我没有什么有趣的事要告诉你。典型例题()1.I’msogladtohearthereis______seriouswithmyfriend’sleg.A.somethingB.anythingC.everythingD.nothing()2.—What’sthematterwithher?—It’s______.Don’tworry.A.nothingseriousB.seriousnothingC.serioussomethingD.somethingserious()3.—Whereareyougoingforyourholiday?—I’mgoing______withmyfriends.A.famoussomewhereB.somewherefamousC.famousanywhereD.anywherefamous考点十一：固定搭配duringthesummerholidays在暑假期间hope(not）todosth.希望(不)做某事cheersb.on激励某人/为某人加油preferdoingAtodoingB喜欢做A事胜于喜欢做Bplayfor为……效力；playagainst和……比赛growup长大成人begoodat=dowellin擅长于……begood/badfor…对……有益/有害makesb.dosth.让某人做某事；makesb./sth.+形容词使某人/物怎么样keepfit=keephealthy保持健康keepsb.doingsth.让某人一直做某事keepsb./sth.+形容词让某人/物保持……arrivein+大地方；arriveat+小地方；到达……leavefor+地点动身前往…….shoutatsb.冲某人（生气地）喊叫doone’sbesttodosth.=tryone’sbesttodosth.尽某人最大的努力做某事withthehelpofsb.=withone’shelp在某人的帮助下so+形容词/副词+that….如此……以至于…….sothat为了followtherules遵守规则standfor代表dobadlyin在……做得不好haveacold感冒havetheflu得了流感feellikedoingsth.想要做某事stayup熬夜giveupdoingsth.放弃做某事forcesb.todosth.强迫某人做某事assoonas一……就……usesth.todosth.用……去做……goahead去吧/进行吧/干吧！buildsb.up增强……的体质/使更强壮keepawayfrom远离ringsb.up给某人打电话takeamessage捎口信leaveamessage留口信byoneself独自，单独saynotodoingsth.拒绝做某事易错点=1\*GB3①seesb.dosth.与seesb.doingsth.see/hearsb.dosth.看见/听见某人做某事，强调看到动作的全过程，或者经常看见/听见；see/hearsb.doingsth.看见/听见某人正在做某事，强调动作的正在进行；类似的用法还有feel,watch,listento等()1.Ioftenseethegirls_____intheroom.They’reverypleased.A.dance B.dances C.dancing D.todance()2.Listen!Canyouhearababy_____?A.cry B.crying C.tocry D.cried=2\*GB3②good与wellgood是形容词，作定语或表语；例：agoodgirl(定语，修饰girl)Thegirlisgood.(表语)well既可是形容词，意为“身体好”，也可是副词，修饰实义动词；例：Sheplayedthepianowell.(well修饰play)=3\*GB3③oneof+形容词最高级+可数名词复数，意为“……之一”；作主语时，谓语动词用单数；例：OneoftheboysiscalledJim.其中的一个男孩叫做吉姆；=4\*GB3④anumberof与thenumberofanumberof+名词复数+谓语动词复数，意为“许多的，大量的”thenumberof+名词复数+谓语动词