高考完形填空答题技巧

完形填空答题技巧1.2021-2021年完形填空特点近三年全国卷的完形填空保持相对稳定的命题趋势，该题所选文章几乎全是表达文体或是夹叙夹议的生活小故事。文章篇幅相对稳定，一般在260-300词之间。文章难度低于阅读理解题中的短文。所选短文结构严谨，层次清楚、逻辑性强。这些特点为学生充分发挥思维想象能力、理解短文内容、选择最正确答案创造了条件。2.设题特点短文的第一句话多是完整的，通常不挖空，是为了降低难度，提供一个理解全文的完整信息句，帮助熟悉短文的背景、主题或文体，为理解全文奠定根底。以期给考生提供一个语境。全文设置20个空格，抽词是根据语言点和考点来抽的，所以空格之间的间隔字数是不固定的。测试的重点是以考察对文章的通篇理解和词汇意义为主，以考察惯用搭配，常识和语法为辅，单纯从语法角度就能正确的做出选择的几乎没有。重视首句！3.

(15全国)MykidsandIwereheadingintothesupermarketovertheweekend.Ontheway,.......(14全国)Asageneralrule,allformsofactivityleadtoboredomwhentheyareperformedonaroutinebasis...(13全国)Iwenttoagroupactivity,“SensitivitySunday〞,whichwastomakeusmore36theproblemsfacedbydisabledpeople.4.自己的经验+上下文〔语篇〕复原作者思想；语篇层面上考查常用词汇的准确、得体的应用。充分开掘上下文的语境〔字里行间的信息词和信息句〕命题意图/解题方法完形填空创始人威尔逊·泰勒说：“完形填空并不直接涉及特定的意思。它只是反复地从两种语言模式的相似之处取样：一种是写的人表达自己的思想的语言模式，另一种是反映读的人根据自己的理解作出的猜测的语言模式。〞“完形填空所涉及的是一系列与上下文相联系的空白，而不是孤立的空白。〞5.跳过空格，通读全文，把握大意再读全文，反复检查结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案瞻前顾后，先易后难，个个击破完形填空的解题总那么把握整体具体分析6.高考完型填空解题技巧答题技巧逻辑分析法前后搭配法作者态度观点常识背景法语义复现法7.技巧例1.......ButtheirinterestsoonwearoffandbyJanuarythosesametoyscanbefoundputawayinthebasement......And,likethechildinJanuary,theygosearchingfornew60.60.A.petsB.toysC.friendsD.colleagues答题技巧之语义复现法

同词复现、近义复现、结构复现14年全国[解析]60题复现44、45题句义，January复现上文，所以60题复现上文toys,应选B。8.技巧例2.Asageneralrule,allformsofactivityleadtoboredomwhentheyareperformedonaroutinebasis.Asamatteroffact,wecanseethis41atworkinpeopleofallages.41.A.principleB.habitC.wayD.power答题技巧之语义复现法

同词复现、近义复现、结构复现14年全国[解析]选项中只有principle才与rule意思相近，都表示“规那么〞、“原那么〞，应选A。9.例3.AlfredNobelbecameamillionaireandchangedthewaysofmining,construction,andwarfareastheinventorofdynamite(炸药).…“Dr.AlfredNobel,whobecame23byfindingwaystokillmorepeoplefasterthaneverbefore,diedyesterday.〞A.famousB.sickC.richD.popular[解析]两句结构是相似的,且两句的后局部的内容各为“创造了炸药〞与“找到了更快的杀人方式〞，可以想象，两者的意义何等接近！可见，与“变成百万富翁〞对应的应当是“变成富裕〞，应选C。答题技巧之语义复现法

同词复现、近义复现、结构复现10.Inthestore,Iaskedmykidsto45somethingtheythoughtour“friends〞therewouldappreciate.Theygotapples,asandwichandabottleofjuice.45.A.drawB.sayC.arrangeD.pick即时练习[解析]下文说孩子们买了苹果等物品，可以反推45题，应该是“我要求孩子们给我们的朋友买他喜欢的东西东西〞，选项中只有pick〔挑选，买〕意思接近got〔买了〕,应选D。15年全国11.2.Thenmy17-year-oldsuggestedgivinghima47.Ithoughtaboutit.......WhenIhandedhimthegiftcard,sayinghecould.....A.dollarB.jobC.hotmealD.giftcard[解析]依据下文“我递给他购物卡，......〞，复现上文47题答案，应选D。14年全国即时练习12.3.Iwenttoagroupactivity,“SensitivitySunday〞,whichwastomakeusmoreawareoftheproblemsfacedbydisabledpeople.......Afewhoursof“disability〞gavemeonlyatasteofthe55,bothphysicalandmental,thatdisabledpeoplemustovercome.A.weaknessesB.challengesC.anxietiesD.illness[解析]相同的结构修饰相同的意思，与problems近义的是challenges，应选B。即时练习13.4.Thishasbeenawonderful55forourfamily.......Steppingoutnotonlyhelpedabrotherinneed,italsogavemykidsthesweettasteofhelpingother.A.experienceB.exampleC.messageD.adventure[解析]与下文taste(品味、体验)意思最接近的是experience〔经历，体验〕，应选A。即时练习14.5.Wewereaskedto“

37

adisability〞forseveralhoursoneSunday.......Fordisabledpeople,“adoptingawheelchair〞isnotatemporary〔临时的〕

experiment

.A.cureB.preventC.adoptD.analyze[解析]与adoptingawheelchair与上文的____adisability同义.应选Ｃ。即时练习15.技巧例1.AssoonasIsatdown,my41madethechairbegintoroll.Itswheelswerenot42.ThenIwonderedwheretoputmy43.Ittookmequiteawhiletogetthemetalfootrestintoplace.41.A.heightB.forceC.skillD.weight42.A.lockedB.repairedC.poweredD.grasped43.A.handsB.feetC.keysD.handles13年全国常识背景法个人经验、生活常识、跨学科知识[解析]联系上下文，因为“轮椅没有锁定〞，所以我一坐下轮椅才会转动，轮椅转动的原因自然是我的体重了。既然坐轮椅，用不到的当然是腿脚。故答案为D,A,B。16.1.Itriedtofindacomfortablepositionandthoughtitmightberestful,evenkindofnice,tobe49aroundforawhile.......MyhandsstartedtoacheasI51theheavymetalwheels.49.A.shownB.pushedC.drivenD.guided51.A.liftedB.turnedC.pressedD.seized[解析]依据常识，轮椅是由人推着走的或者是由自己用手转动车轮而行走的，故49题选B，51题选B13年新课标即时练习17.2.Adolescententerhighschoolwithgreat50butsoonlookingforwardto51.Thesameistrueoftheyoungadultsgoingtothecollege.50.A.courageB.calmnessC.confusionD.excitement51.A.graduationB.independence C.responsibilityD.success[解析]依据上文和常识——无论哪个年龄阶段的人都会“喜新厌旧〞。依据这一思路，学生入学时高快乐兴，但很快就失去新鲜劲儿，盼望毕业咯。故答案选D，A14年全国即时练习18.3.Beforepeopleretire,theyusuallyplantodoalotofgreatthings,whichtheyneverhad57todowhileworking.57.A.time

B.moneyC.skillsD.knowledge[解析]依据人们生活的经验——工作时没有时间做其它事儿。故答案选A14年全国即时练习19.4.WhenIhandedhimthegiftcard,sayinghecoulduseitfor_54_hisfamilymightneed,heburstintotears.

A.whoeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever[解析]给人购物卡，当然是别人想买啥就买啥了。故答案选B15年全国即时练习20.例1.Theworldisfullof46stampalbumsand

unfinishedmodels,eachstandingasamonumenttosomeone’spassinginterest.46.A.well-organizedB.colorfully-printed C.newly-collectedD.half-filled[解析]and连接两相同并列结构，语义相近，half-filled与unfinished同属一个语义场，意思接近，故答案为D逻辑分析法并列、转折、因果、类属、顺序14年全国21.技巧例2.Thesetellthestoryofamotherwhosebabygrows23

andpaleandhaschangedsomuchthatitisalmostunrecognizabletotheparents.23.A.sickB.slimC.shortD.small逻辑分析法并列、转折、因果、类属、顺序08年广东[解析]选项中只有ill才与pale有相关性(因果关系)，即因为“生病〞，所以脸色才会“苍白〞，应选A。22.技巧例3.Theygotapples,asandwichandabottleofjuice................Whenwehandedhimthebagof52

，helitupandthankeduswith53eyes.52.A.toysB.medicineC.foodD.clothes逻辑分析法并列、转折、因果、类属、顺序15年全国[解析]选项中apples,sandwich,juice都属于food,应选C。23.1.Beforepeopleretire,theyusuallyplantodoalotofgreatthings,whichneverhadwhileworking.But58afterretirement,thegolfing,thefishing,thereadingandalloftheotherpastimesbecomeasboringasthejobstheyquit.A.onlyB.wellC.evenD.soon[解析]前文讲退休前如何方案，but一转折说明“方案不如变化快〞，又回到文章主题，很快就会喜新厌旧，符合文章的主旨。应选D。14年新课标即时练习24.2.Fordaysthekidshavebeenlookingforotherswecanhelp!Thingswouldhaveplayedoutso57ifIhadsimplysaid,“No,wereallydon’thavemoneytogivemore.〞A.suddenlyB.vividlyC.differentlyD.perfectly[解析]If引导了一个虚拟语气的从句，假设我说我们没钱，事情就不是现在这样的结果。应选C。15年新课标即时练习25.3.Itriedtofindcomfortablepositionandthoughtitmightberestful,

48

kindofnice,tobe

pushed

aroundforawhile.A.yetB.justC.stillD.even[解析]由restful(悠闲的)和nice(愉悦的)两次的词义，可知这两词为递进关系，应选D。13年新课标即时练习26.技巧例1.My10-year-oldnoticedhimandmakea43onhowbaditmustbetohavetostandoutsideinthecoldwind.A.suggestionB.commentC.decisionD.call15年全国前后搭配法日积月累——习惯搭配、固定习语[解析]makeacommentonsth为固定习语，“对某事进行评论〞；makeasuggestiononsth,“对某事给出建议〞；makeadecisiononsth,“对某事做出决定〞；makeacallonsb,“打给某人〞。句子意思“10岁的儿子说〞，与此意思最接近的为comment,应选B。27.技巧例2.Steppingoutnotonlyhelpedabrotherin59,italsogavemekidsthesweettasteofhelpingothers.A.fearB.loveC.needD.memory15年全国前后搭配法日积月累——习惯搭配、固定习语[解析]infear，“害怕，恐惧〞；inlove,“爱恋中〞；inneed,“在危难中〞；inmemory,“纪念〞，综合全句意思，“帮助有需要的兄弟〞，应选C。28.技巧例3.Forexample,onChristmasmorning,childrenareexcitedabout43withtheirnewtoys.A.workingB.livingC.playingD.going15年全国前后搭配法日积月累——习惯搭配、固定习语[解析]“玩玩具〞，只有play能与之搭配，应选C。29.1.Theprofessorbeginsbyselectingone2ofart.Aftergivingusaquickbackgroundontheartist,hewillopenupfordiscussion.2.A.book B.passageC.text D.work[解析]艺术作品为习惯搭配，应选D。即时练习30.2.Ittookmequiteawhiletogetthemetalfootrestinto

44

.A.placeB.actionC.playD.effect[解析]getsthintoplace为习语，“把...放对位置〞，应选A。getsthintoaction,“付诸实施〞；getsthintoplay,“使...起作用〞;getsthintoeffect,“使...生效〞13年新课标即时练习31.3.TheotherdayIwassittinginasmallrestauranthavingaquietdrinkandatalkwithafewfriendswhenitsuddenly2methatalmosteveryoneintherestaurantwassmoking.Itwasn’tlong3thewholeroomwasfilledwithsmoke.2.A.seemedB.struckC.sankD.showed3.A.agoB.afterC.beforeD.now[解析]由itsuddentlystruckmethat为固定句型，“突然觉得/突然意识到/突然想起〞。It+be+sometime+before为固定句型，“没过多久就...〞应选B，C。即时练习32.4.Butsoonafterretirement,thegolfing,thefishing,thereadingandalloftheotherpastimesbecomeasboringasthejobsthey59.A.lostB.choseC.leftD.quit[解析]结合上文“退休〞，此处应为“停止工作〞，其习惯表达为leavethejobs，quitthejob意思为“辞职〞，应选C。14年新课标即时练习33.技巧例1.Whenwehandedhimthebagoffood,helitupandthankeduswith

53

eyes.A.sleepyB.wateryC.curiousD.sharp15年全国观点态度把握作者/人物态度情感，体悟写作意图[解析]体悟一个人受到救济，感动的时候会怎样？当然会眼泪汪汪。应选B。34.技巧例2.Wewere

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oncashourselves,but…well,sometimes

49

fromourneedinsteadofourabundanceis

just

whatweneedtodo!48.A.easyB.lowC.softD.loose49.A.givingB.savingC.spendingD.begging15年全国观点态度把握作者/人物态度情感，体悟写作意图[解析]作者写文章的目的是什么？一定要有教育意义。体会作者在此处的目的——在钱不多的时候助人更能表达助人为乐的精神。应选B,B。35.1.Whenparentsbringhomeapet,theirchildgladlybathesitandbrushesitsfur.Withinashorttime,however,the9ofcaringtheanimalishandedovertotheparents.A.promiseB.burdenC.rightD.game[解析]体会小孩子的心理——开始高快乐兴为动物梳毛，后来失去兴趣，失去兴趣了再做啥事都会变成负担。应选B。14年新课标即时练习36.2.Itriedtofinda

comfortablepositionandthoughtitmightberestful,

even

kindofnice,tobe

pushed

aroundforawhile.Lookingaround,I

50

Iwouldhavetohandlethethingmyself?50.A.realizedB.suggestedC.agreedD.admitted[解析]原以为会有人推着到处走走，环顾四周，却发出疑问，我一定是意识到什么。应选A。13年新课标即时练习37.13全国AccordingtoGreeklegend,inancientAthensamannoticedthegreatstorytellerAesopplayingchildishgameswithsomelittleboys.He

36

andmadefunofAesop,asking

himwhyhewastedhistimeinsuch

37

games.Aesoprespondedby

38

abow,looseningitsstring,andplacingitontheground.Thenhesaidtothecriticalman,“Now,

39

theriddle(迷),ifyoucan.Telluswhattheunstrungbowmeans.〞Theman

40

atitforseveralminutesbuthadnoideaaboutwhat

41

Aesopwastryingtomake.Aesop

42

,“Ifyoukeepabowalwaysbent,itwillbreak

43

;butifyouletitgoloose,itwillbemore

44

forusewhenyouwantit.〞36.A.wondered

B.laughed

C.shoutedD.cried37.A.wise

B.bright

C.foolish

D.false38.A.pickingup

B.throwingaway

C.makingup D.puttingdown39.A.make

B.answer

C.follow

D.ask40.A.stopped

B.aimed

C.smiled

D.looked41.A.point

B.legend

C.idea

D.plan42.A.answered

B.replied

C.explained

D.called43.A.finally

B.certainly

C.firstly

D.generally44.A.possible

B.careful

C.hopeful

D.fit综合演练38.13全国Soitiswithus.Ourmindsandbodiesarelikethe

45

.Whenoftenunderthe

46

ofeverydaylife,wecanfinally

47

.Weneedtoloosenup;weneedtimeto

48

thepressureoffandrelax.Formerbaseballpitcher(投球手)DutchLeonardmighthaveputitalittledifferently.Heoncesaidthatthe

49

ofgreatpitchingisnotspeedortheabilitytothrowcurves(曲线球).It’sthe“changeofpace〞.Eventhe

50

batter(击球手)willsoonlearnhowtohitapitcherwhocontinuallythrowsthesamekindofpitch.Butit’s

51

tohitapitcherwhochangesthepaceofpitching.That

52

ofpacegivesapitcheranadvantageovertheotherpitchers.

45.A.string

B.bow

C.riddle

D.activity46.A.routine

B.control

C.pressure

D.pain47.A.fall

B.break C.die

D.pass48.A.put

B.catch

C.give

D.take49.A.secret

B.solution

C.ability

D.method50.A.great

B.successful

C.average

D.smart51.A.easy

B.hard

C.likely

D.usual52.A.kind

B.game

C.change

D.speed综合演练39.13全国

Achangeofpacealsogivesusa(n)

53

inlife.Takingtimetowatchtheclouds,enjoyabreeze,takeawalk,readjustslowdownis

54

ifwearetobeourbestlater.Andaregulardayofrestisasimportantasregularsleep.It’sa

55

oftakingthepressureoff.Tobeyourbest,makesureyouchangeyourpace.Itmayjustbethechangeyouneed.53.A.advantage

B.road

C.bottom

D.center54.A.convenient

B.necessary C.acceptable

D.reasonable55A.trick

B.result

C.beginning

D.way综合演练40.15全国II卷

Wheredoyougowhenyouwanttolearnsomething?School?Afriend?Atutor?Theseareall

41

placesoflearning.Butitmaywellbethatthelearningyoureallywant

42somewhereelseinstead.Ihadthe

43

ofseeingthisfirsthandona

44

.Mydaughterplaysonarecreationalsoccerteam.Theydidwellthisseasonandso

45

atournament,whichnormallywasonlyformoreskilledclubteams.Thisledtosome

46experiencesonSaturdayastheyplayedagainstteams

47

trained.Throughthefirsttwogames,her

48

didnotgetoneseriousshotongoal.Asaparent,I

49

seeingmydaughterplayingherbest,

50

stilldefeated.41.

A.

public B.

traditional C.

official D.

special42.

A.

passes

B.

works C.

lies

D.

ends43.

A.

dream

B.

idea C.

habit D.

chance44.

A.

trip

B.

holiday C.

weekend D.

square45.

A.

won B.

entered

C.

organized D.

watched46.

A.

painful B.

strange C.

common D.

practical47.

A.

less B.

poorly C.

newly

D.

better48.

A.

fans B.

tutors C.

class

D.

team49.

A.

imagined B.

hated C.

avoided D.

missed50.

A.

if

B.

or

C.

but D.

as综合演练41.15全国II卷

Itseemedthatsomethingclickedwiththe

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betweenSaturdayandSunday.Whenthey

52

fortheirSundaygame,theywere

53

different.Theyhadbeguntointegrate(融合)thekindsofplayandteamworktheyhad

54

thedaybeforeintotheir

55

.Theyplayedaggressivelyand

56

scoredagoal.It

57

methatplayingagainsttheotherteamwasagreat

58

momentforallthegirlsontheteam.Ithinkitisageneralprinciple.

59

isthebestteacher.Thelessonstheylearnedmaynotbe

60

whattheywouldhavegotteninschool,butarecertainlymorepersonalandmeaningful,becausetheyhadtoworkthemoutontheirown.51.

A.

girls

B.

parent