南通市2017届高三第二次调研测试-英语试题

南通市2017届高三第二次调研测试英语第I卷(三部分共85分)第一部分听力(共两节，满分20分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatisthemangoingtodo?A.BuyanewT-shirt. B.Repairthewashingmachine. C.WearthesameT-shirt.2.HowmanylanguagescanHelenspeakfluently?A.Three. B.Four. C.Two.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Psychologicalproblems.B.Spendinghabits.C.Highrents.4.Wherewillthewomangofirst?A.Tothepostoffice. B.Tothebakery. C.Tothebank.5.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Athome. B.Atarestaurant. C.Atschool.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whosepictureshasthemanseen?A.Jennifer’s. B.Lisa’s. C.Laura’s.7.Whatdoesthemanhavetodonow?A.Waitforhispartner’sreply.B.Bookaflightimmediately.C.Askhisbossforthetimeoff.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whydidthewomangotothatlocation?A.Shesawabrochure.B.Ithasthelowestprice.C.It’snearherworkplace.9.Whatdoesthemanwantthewomantodo?A.Buyagoldencard. B.Goonlineimmediately. C.Givehimapicture.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.WhomightMs.Winklerbe?A.Ella’smom. B.Ella’steacher. C.Ella’sclassmate.11.WhatdoesEllaneedtodotobeatoptenstudent?A.Passthefinalexam.B.Dowellforthenextfewmonths.C.Geta90%onthefinalexam.12.Whatisthemanworriedabout?A.Ella’sadmissiontocollege.B.Ella’ssociallife.C.Ella’smentalhealth.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WhatdidEvadolastnight?A.Shewenttoaconcert.B.ShesawaChristmasplay.C.Shewatchedabasketballgame.14.WhoisRebecca?A.Eva’sclassmate. B.Eva’stutor. C.Eva’ssister.15.WhatdoesEva’smotherprobablydoforaliving?A.She’saviolinist. B.She’sanurse. C.She’sacoach.16.WhyisDerekhavingtroublewithhisstudies?A.Heisbusywithhismusic.B.Hehastoworkintheorchestra.C.Hehasalotofresponsibilitiesathome.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whoismakingtheannouncement?A.Thecity. B.CampusSecurity. C.Themarathonorganizer.18.Whendoestheracestart?A.At8:00a.m. B.At9:00a.m. C.At9:30a.m.19.Whatdoesthespeakeraskthelistenerstodo?A.Getexcitedaboutthemarathon.B.Callthemarathonorganizer’soffice.C.Finishtheirbusinessbefore9:00am.20.Whyshouldpeoplegetamap?A.Tofindtheclosestparkinglots.B.Todealwithpotentialtrafficproblems.C.Tofindoutwhichshopsandbanksareopen.第二部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分35分)单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。21.TheInternetissomuchapartofourculturethatitaffectsourlivesbyactingasa______forface-to-facecontacts.D.offerhisorheremailaddressandfamilyname57.Whatdoweknowaboutthephotographentryofthewinner?A.Itwillbepublishedinamagazineandagallery.B.Itwillbeevaluatedatapproximately$300.00.C.ItwillbeselectedfromnineFinalists’entries. D.Itwillbeacknowledgedandreturnedafterwards.BThereareendlessmotivationsforhumanbehaviour,fromthebasicdrivesforfoodtomorecomplicatedones,suchassympathy,envyandanger.Butnoneoftheseexplainbehavioursthatwecallcompulsions(强迫症).Theycomefromaneedthatisdesperateandtortured(折磨).Theymaybringrelief,buttheybringlittleenjoyment,andwhileonepartofourbraindesperatelywishestostopthem,anotherisafraidofstopping.Iusedtoviewcompulsionsasforeignandalmostfrightening.Butinthecourseofmyresearch,twothingshappened.First,whenIgottoknowpeoplewhowerecompulsive,theirbehaviourdidn’tseemunreasonableatall.Second,Irealizedthatalthoughpeoplewiththemostextremecompulsionsseemlikeoutliers(另类人),theanxietythatdrivesthemtothoseextremesisuniversal.Overanyyear,manyofusfindourselvesinthecontrolofacompulsionthatfallsshortofsomethingthatisdisablingenoughtoqualifyasamentaldisorder–infact,somecompulsionsareadaptive,helpingusleadourlivesorperformourjobsmoreeffectively.Likemanypeople,maybeyoufeelforcedtoreachforyoursmartphoneassoonasyouwakeupinthemorning.Fortunatelyagrowingnumberofexpertshavebeguntosucceedindistinguishingaddictionsfromcompulsions.Anaddictionbeginswithaflashofpleasureaccompaniedwithdanger;it’sfuntogambleortodrink,anditalsoputsyouatrisk.Additionsinvolveactingwithoutplanningoreventhought,drivenbyanurgeforimmediatesatisfaction.Compulsions,incontrast,areallaboutavoidingunpleasantoutcomes.Theyarebehaviourswerepeatmanytimestorelievetheanxietybroughtonbythepossibilityofnegativeconsequences.Buttheactualbehaviourisoftenunpleasant–oratleastnotparticularlyrewarding,especiallyaftermanyroundsofit.Behindeverycompulsionistheneedtoavoidwhatcausesyoupainoranxiety.Compulsivebehaviourisnotnecessarilyamentaldisorder.Someformsofitcanbe,andpeopleinitscontroldeservetobediagnosedandhelped.Butmanyareexpressionsofpsychologicalneedsweallfeel:tobeatpeaceandincontrol,tofeelconnectedandtomatter.Andifthosearementalillnesses,we’reallcrazy.58.Fromthefirsttwoparagraphs,weknowthat_____.A.compulsionscanbringreliefaswellasenjoymentB.compulsivepeoplewillpreferunreasonablebehaviourC.compulsionsmaybeanunderstandableresponsetoanxietyD.compulsivepeoplemustbefrighteningandbehavedifferently59.Themaindifferencebetweenaddictionsandcompulsionsliesin_____.A.humanrelationships B.financialrewards C.internaldrives D.socialexpectations60.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardscompulsion?A.Objective. B.Negative. C.Doubtful. D.Cautious.CHIVisatrickyvirusthatescapestypicalimmuneresponses.Duringasuccessfulimmunesystemresponsetoaforeignbody,whitebloodcellsproduceantibodies

thattargettheforeignbody.Theseantibodiesthenmarktheforeignbodyfordestructionbyotherimmunecells.Forthemostpart,HIVescapestheseimmunedefenses,butrareindividualsdevelopantibodiesthateffectivelyblockthevirus.ResearchersarenowshowingthattheseantibodiescanalsoactastreatmentsinotherHIVpatients.HIVhasseveralwaysofescapingtheimmuneresponse.

Unlikemostviruses,HIVspecificallyattacksatypeofwhitebloodcellthatiscriticaltoourimmunesystem.Duringreproduction,theHIVvirusalsopicksupmanynew

mutations(变异),whichoftenchangeitenoughthatany

antibodiesproducedearlierduringtheinfectionnolongerrecognizeit.Theserareantibodiescanalsokeepthevirusfrominfectingnewcells,whichcouldmakethemaneffectivetreatment.In

animalstudies,injection

oflowconcentrationsoftheseantibodiescouldactasavaccine(疫苗)andprovideprotectionagainstinfection.Injections

canevencontrolactiveinfectionswhencombinedwithadditionalantibodiesthattarget

othermolecules(分子)ontheHIVsurface.Thesefindingsled

tohumansphase1clinicaltrialstoevaluateaspecificantibody

thattargetsHIV.ThisstudyrevealedthatasingleinjectionoftheantibodytypicallyreducedthepresenceofHIVinthebloodofpatientswhohavevirusesthatweresensitivetotheantibody.Afterperformingtest-tubestudiesshowingtheeffectivenessoftheantibody,theresearchersevaluatedits

safetyinhumansinasmall

trial.Thestudyincludedtwogroupsofparticipants:14uninfectedindividualsand19individualswithanHIV-1infection.Theresearchersthentrackedtheclearanceoftheantibodybyfollowingitslevels

intheparticipants’blood.Consistentwithpreviousstudies,HIV-1infectedindividualsexhibitedfasterclearanceoftheantibody,withahalf-lifeof12.8dayscomparedto24.0daysforuninfectedparticipants.Despitethefastclearance,however,theantibodyappearedtobeeffective.ThirteenHIV-1infectedparticipantswiththehighestlevelsofvirus

receivedthehighestdose(剂量)oftheantibody.Elevenofthem

showedarapiddeclineinHIVlevels.Trackingtheinfectionthroughthe

firstweeksaftertreatment

revealedtheevolution

ofmultiplevirusesthatwerenolongeraffectedby

theantibody.However,thesenewvariants(变体)generallyremainedsensitivetoantibodiestargetingothervirus

surfacemolecules.Overall,thisinvestigationshowsthesafetyofinjectionsofantibody10-1074inhumans.Thus,researchersmaybeabletobuildacocktailofantibodiesthateffectivelyblockactiveHIVinfections.61.HIVescapesimmuneresponsesby_____.A.removingtheforeignbodyB.identifyingtheimmunesystemC.attackingacertainwhitebloodcellD.reproducingsomeeffectiveantibodies62.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2referto?A.Theimmunesystem.B.Atypeofwhitebloodcell.C.TheHIVvirus.D.Anantibody.63.Thepurposeofthefurtherstudyofantibodiesisto_____.A.introduceavaccineprotectinghumansagainstinfectionB.confirmthereductionofHIVinthebloodofthepatientsC.trackafasterclearanceofantibodiesinuninfectedsubjectsD.provethesafetyandeffectivenessofantibodiesinhumans64.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.AntibodiesremainineffectiveagainstmostHIVviruses.B.ResearchersfeeloptimisticaboutanewcureforHIV.C.Researchersgetcontradictoryfindingsfromaseriesofstudies.D.AntibodiescanevolvewithHIVvirusesfrominfectedpatients.DAbout15yearsago,ItaughtAProblemfromHell,abookongenocides(大屠杀),toagroupof18-and19-year-oldsinamid-westuniversityintheUS.InmyclasstherewasayoungmanwhohadspenthisboyhoodinBosniaasNATObombedhishometown.Myotherstudents,amazedbyhisconnectiontothegenocideinthetextbook,askedhimwhatitwasliketogrowupinawar-zone.“Aprettynormalchildhoodasyouhadhere,”hesaid.“Weplayedcardsinsidealot,andwhentherewasnobombingwekickedaballinthestreet.”Inthepastfewyears,theworldhasseenarapidincreaseinrefugees(难民),withthenumberhitting60million.VietThanhNguyen’sstorycollectionTheRefugeesremindsusthatliteratureisnewsthatstaysnews.SetintheVietnamesecommunitiesinCaliforniaaswellasinVietnam,thestoriesdonotaimtosurpriseuswithnewtwistsorshockuswithwonderfuldetails,aswarandrefugeestoriescouldeasilychoosetodo.Rather,liketheyoungmanfromBosnia,Nguyen’scharacterstellthesestoriesbecausetheyaretheonlyonesknowntothem.Includedinthecollectionaretwoofthemosttouchingpieces,bothaboutsiblings(兄弟或姊妹)separatedbygeographyandhistory.In“Black-EyedWomen”,thenarrator(讲述人),ayoungVietnamesewoman,isvisitedbytheghostofherelderbrother,whodiedyoungontheboatwhenthefamilytookflightfromthewar.Thetaleofloveandloss,violenceandviolation,maynotbeunfamiliartothereader,butthedeterminationofthebrother’sghost(hehastakendecadestoswimacrossthePacifictoreachAmerica)andthesister’sabandoningherselftoahalfdeathmakethestorylasting.Asanecho,theclosingstory,“Fatherland”,exploresamorecomplexsituationbetweentwosiblings.Thenarrator,ayoungVietnamesewoman,meetsherhalf-sister,visitingfromtheUSforthefirsttime.Addingtothetensionisthefactthatherfatherhasnamedthenarratorandhersiblingsafterhisfirstsetofchildren.Twosisters,oneAmericanandoneVietnamese,yetnamedthesamebythefather–itmaysoundstrange,butisn’titthefatemanyrefugeeshavetoface:alifeleftbehind,thatcouldhavebeentheirs;andalifeinanadoptedcountry.Thethemeofdoubleness–choiceandinevitability(不可避免性),homeandhomelessness,startingafreshandbeingstuck–ispresentnotonlyinthestoriesofVietnameserefugees,butalsoofthosewhohavebecomerefugeesfromtheirownhomesandlovedones.“Smilingatyourrelativesnevergotyouveryfar,butsmilingatstrangersandacquaintancessometimesdid.”Soapilot,whofoughtintheVietnamwarandisnowrevisitingthecountryforthefirsttime,thinkswhilewavingatthelocalsfromatourbus.He’sdistantfromhisdaughter,justasaMexicanAmericaninthecollectionisdistantfromhiswife,orayoungmanfromHongKongisdistantfromhisfather.Thecollectionisfullofrefugees,whetherfromexternalorfromadeeper,moreinternalconflictbetweeneventhosewhoareclosesttoeachother.Withangerbutnotdespair,withreconciliation(和解)butnotunrealistichope,andwithgenuinehumourthatisnotusedtoinsultanyone,Nguyenhasbreathedlifeintomanyunforgettablecharacters.65.Thefirstparagraphisintendedto______.A.describetheboringlifeofwarvictimsB.appealtothereaderstohelpwarvictimsC.criticizeNATO’skillingofinnocentpeopleD.introducethestorycollectionTheRefugees66.WhichofthefollowingaboutTheRefugeesisTrue?A.Ittellsthenewsinaliteraryform.B.Itisfullofsurprisingtwistsandplots.C.Theauthorexperiencesthestorieshimself.D.Itscharactersnarratetheirownstories.67.HowareBlack-EyedWomenandFatherlandmainlydeveloped?A.Bygivingexamples. B.Bymakingcontrasts.C.Byprovidingevidence. D.Bymakingclassifications.68.WecaninferfromParagraph5that_____.A.relativeshatetheirlovedonesforbeingleftbehindB.separationfromlovedonestendstomakethemdistantC.peoplebecomerefugeesduetotheirdoublecharacterD.smilingisagoodwaytokeeplovedonestogether69.WhichofthefollowingisthethemeofTheRefugees？A.Despair,suffering,andregret. B.Anger,humourandhope.C.Sympathy,regret,andreconciliation. D.Dream,hope,andexpectation.70.TheRefugeesmainlyfocuseson______.A.theproblemsofidentity,love,andfamilyforrefugeesB.themiserablelivesofrefugeesintheadoptedcountriesC.therefugees’reunionwiththeirfamiliesafterseparationD.thevariousreasonsforpeople’sbeingreducedtorefugees第Ⅱ卷(两部分共35分)第四部分任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。TheScienceBehindSmilingNotonlydoessmilingrewardourbrain’sfeel-goodsystem,italsomakesuslookmoreattractiveandlowersstresslevels.Instressfulsituations,smilingisagreatwaytorelieveextremelevelsofstressandtokeepyourcortisol(皮质醇)levelsundercontrol.Naturally,happinesscanresultinsmiling.Also,smilingcanactuallycreatehappiness.Smilingtricksourbrainsintobelievingwearehappy,andonewayitdoesthisisbymakingusthinkofhappiermemories,whichimproveourmoods.Whenthesmilingmusclesinourfacecontract,itsendsasignaltothebraintoencouragetherewardsystemthatfurtherincreasesourlevelsofendorphins,orhappinesshormones(荷尔蒙).Itcanhavethesameeffectonourhappinessaseatingchocolateorreceivingamonetaryprize.Eventhoughtheexactrelationshipbehindfacialexpressionandmentalstateislargelyunknown,ithasbeensuggestedthatsmilingreduceslevelsofthestress-inducinghormonecortisol.Increasedlevelsofcortisolcouldpotentiallyleadtocardiovasculardisease,mentalillness,andobesity,soit’swortheveryefforttotrytodecreaseourcortisollevels.Researchshowsthatwhenyousmile,peopletreatyoudifferently.Smilinginstantlymakesyouappearmorereliable,relaxed,sincere,andattractive.Astudyfoundthatpeoplewhosmiledmorewereratedasmoreattractivethanthosewhoavoidedeyecontactanddidn’tsmileatall.Perhapsthisiswhycelebrities(名人)investinperfectsmiles,oftenlookingforporcelainveneerstogivethemflawlesslystraight,whiteteeth.Accordingtoacosmetic(化妆用的)dentistrypracticeinBoston,brokenandstainedteethcanmakeapersonlookolder,whileabrightersmilegivesalookofhealthandyouthfulness.Anyoneyouspotontelevisionwillmorelikelythannothaveaperfectsmile.Thisgivesthemayouthfulshinewhileatthesametimemakingthemlookmoreattractive.Smilingisanactthatmanyofusmayhavetopracticeinordertomakearegularhabit.However,it’sahabitworthinvestingin,assmiling,happiness,andhealthhaveascientificallyprovenlinktooneother.Ifyoufindithardtosmile,trybeingaroundpeoplewhotendtosmilealot.AccordingtoaSwedishstudy,itisdifficulttokeepastraightfacewhenconstantlyfacedwithpeoplewhoaresmilingatyou.Title:TheScienceBehindSmilingSmiling(71)Smiling(71)▲us.Bysmilingyoucanimproveyourmood,(72)▲andmentalstate.usSmilingnaturallyresultsfromhappiness,andtheoppositeisalso