中国医科大学病理学外文翻译课件3

CHAPTER

ⅡTissue

repair§1.

RegenerationComplete

regeneration:Incomplete

regeneration:fibrous

repair

→scarPhysiologic:

cell

renewingPathologic:

cell

injury

→regeneration一.Cell

cycle

and

proliferative

poten1.

Cell

cycleInterphaseG1

(presynthetic)S

(DNA

synthesis)G2

(premitotic)Mitotic

phase

(M)Go

:

quiescent

cells

in

a

physiologic

s2.Types(1)

Labilecells

(continuously

dividiC)①

Definition:continue

to

proliferatereplacingdestroyed

cellsaged

cells②

Cell

groups:Stratified

squamous

cell

:

epidermis,oral

cavity,

vagina

and

cervixThe

lining

mucosa

ofrespiratorygastrointestinal

tractEpithelium

of

the

male

and

female

tracMesothelium

cellsHematopoietic

and

lymphoid

cells(2)

Stable

(quiescent)

cells:①

Definition:

These

cells

not

divide

overy

slow

rate

and

undergo

rapiddivision

in

response

to

injury.②

Cell

groups:Parenchymal

cells

of

glandular

organ:liver,

kidneys→

tubuel

epithelMesenchymal

cells:

fibroblast,

osteob(3)

Permanent

(nondividing)

cells①

Definition:

no

capacity

of

regenerat②

Cell

groups:Nerve

cells:

Neurons

destroyed

arepermanentlost

replaced

by

the

proliferation

ofC.Skeletal

muscle

cellsCardiac

muscle

cells二、Regeneration

process

ofvarious

tissues(一)Epithelial

tissue1.

Surface

epithelium:①

Squamous

cell→

basal

layer

cell→proliferation②

Columnar

cell

→

adjacent

gland

rececells→proliferation2.

Glandularepithelium:Base

membrane

intact

→

restored

cellBase

membrane

destroyed

→

difficultLiver:①

Resected

partly

→liver

cell

proliferation②

Necrosis

of

liver

C,

reticular

frameworkintact

:

hepatocyte

proliferation

→restore

the

structure③

Necrosis

widely,

framework

collapsed

→hepatocyte

nodular

regeneration,

FT↑(二)Fibrous

tissueFibroblast

proliferationsynthesis

collagenderived

fromquiescent

fibrocyteundifferentiatedmesenchymal

C(三)BV

regeneration1.

Capillary:

EC

buddingproteolytic

degradation

of

BM

→EC↑→budding

→maturation

of

EC

→

secrete

collagen

IV,

laminin,

fibronec→BM2.

Large

BVEC

proliferationSMC

→CT

proliferationRegenerationofcapillary(四)Cartilage

and

bone

tissueCartilage:

proliferation

capacity

(chondro↓Bone:

proliferation

capacity↑

(osteoblast(五)muscle

regenerationMuscle

tissue:

lower

regenerative

capacityMuscle

fiber

spilt

completely

→FT↑→scar(六)Nervous

tissueNCcan’tregeneratereplaced

by

glial

cell

→

glial

scarNevous

fiber---

schwann

cell

proliferation§3.

Fibrous

repair一、Form

and

Functions

of

GranulationTissue(一)CompositionGranulation

tissue:

composed

of

numerous

newformed

capillaries

and

fibroblast,

accompaniwith

inflammatory

cell

infiltrationMorphology:Gross:

red,

soft,

granular

appearanceLM:

cap

+

fibroblast

+

inflammatory

cellsGranulationtissueGranulationtissue(二)Functions

and

resultsFunctions:Anti-infection

and

protect

wound surface

from

further

injury.Filling

wound

and

the

detect

areaReplacing

or

encapsule

necrosisthrombus,

foreign

bodies2.

Results:GT→cap↓,

cell↓,

f↑→FT↑↑→

scar二、Scar（一）Conceptgranulation

tissue

→CT（二）MorphologyGross：contract,

pallor,

semitranspartough

less

elasticity.LM：

composed

of

collagen

parallelfasciculi

(hyaline

change),less

fibrous

cells,

and

BVScar（三）effect

and

harm

of

scar1．benefits：①filling

thewound

and

ulcer,

make

tissue,

orintact;②stronger

resist

pull；if

lack

of

elasticity2．disbenefit

and

harm:①contract→obstruction.②conglutination.③excess

hyperplasia，hypertrophic

scar

(kel三

wound

healing:early

change:

anacute

inflammatory

processbythe

initial

injurycontraction

of

woundproliferation

of

granulation

tissue

andformation

of

scarmigration

and

regeneration

of

epithelium

aother

tissues2.

typesofwound

healingHealing

by

first

intention

(wounds

withopposed

edges)a

clean,

uninfected

surgical

incisionHealing

by

second

intention

(wounds

withseparated

edges)more

extensive

loss

of

cells

and

tissue,

asoccurs

in

infarction,

inflammatory

ulceratiabscess

formation,

and

surface

wounds

thatcreate

large

defectsHealing

under

scar(二)bone

fracture

healing1.

basic

process⑴

hematoma

formation：1-2days⑵

fibrous

bone

scab

formation：2-3days,

granulation

tissueform⑶

osteal

bone

scab:osblast

→

osloid

tissue

→

calcium

depositi→

woven

bone

→

osteal

bone

scab.⑷

rebuild

or

remodel:woven

bone

→ply

bone

→normal

relationship→normal

struture.2.

factors

of

affect

fracture

hea⑴

correct

reposition

timely⑵

firmly

fixation

timely⑶

take

exercise

early,

keep

locblood

supply

well.骨痂NearthrosisCPC病例3王××，男，12岁，因“车祸左小腿疼痛活动受限2小时“入院。患者2小时前被车撞倒在地，当时左小腿弯曲、疼痛，不能活动。入院检查：体温37。C，脉搏100次/分，血压

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