外研版（2019）-必修 第一册-Unit 6 At one with nature期末复习敲重点学案（含答案）

Unit6Atonewithnature—2023-2024学年高一英语外研版（2019）必修第一册期末复习敲重点学习目标整合知识目标能力目标能够读懂顺应自然、利用自然的多模态语篇，理解该语境下的文章内容，听懂并谈论与之有关的话题情感目标思维导图回顾知识重难知识易混易错“介词+关系词(whom/which)”1、关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语时，介词常可以提前，但介词提前时，关系代词只能用which或whom。如：Theschool(that/which)heoncestudiedinisveryfamous.→Theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous.TomorrowIwillbringhereamagazine(that/which)youaskedfor.→TomorrowIwillbringhereamagazineforwhichyouasked.We'llgotohearthefamoussinger(whom/that/who)wehaveoftentalkedabout.→We'llgotohearthefamoussingeraboutwhomwehaveoftentalked.2、关系副词when,where,why和介词+which之间的关系。关系副词when,where,why可以用适当的介词+which来替代。介词的位置非常灵活，有时放在关系代词之前，有时放在动词之后。如：when=in/on/at…+which,where=in/on/at…+which,why=for+which如：Iwon’tforgetthedatewhen(onwhich)Iwasborn.Thisistheroomwhere(inwhich)Ilived.=ThisistheroomwhichIlivedin.Idon’tknowthereasonwhy(forwhich)hehasn’tcometoday.Tomstillremembersthedayswhen(inwhich)theylivedinTianjin.注意：1).含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：lookfor,lookafter,takecareof等如：Thisisthewatchwhich/thatIamlookingfor.(√)ThisisthewatchforwhichIamlooking.(F)2).若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that；指物时用which，不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose如：Themanwithwhomyoutalkedismyfriend.(√)Themanwho/thatyoutalkedwithismyfriend.(F)TheplaneinwhichweflewtoCanadaisverycomfortable.(√)TheplaneinthatweflewintoCanadaisverycomfortable.(F)3).“介词+关系代词”前可有some,any,none,both,all,neither,most,each,few等代词或者数词如：Helovedhisparentsdeeply,bothofwhomareverykindtohim.Inthebaskettherearequitemanyapples,someofwhichhavegonebad.Therearefortystudentsinourclassinall,mostofwhomarefrombigcities.4).把握“介词＋关系代词”结构中介词的选用介词的选择与主句中先行词的搭配密切相关。如：That”sthereasonforwhichhewaslateforschool.ThisisthebookonwhichIspent8Yuan.介词选择的三大规则：1.取决于固定搭配：从句中谓语动词/形容词同介词的搭配。（V+pre.）如：HeisthemanwhomItalkedwiththismorning.2.取决于先行词同介词的常规搭配。四组常考的搭配：1）extentdegree（程度）同to搭配2）price(具体多少钱时与at;若指价格方面与in搭配)speedrate同at搭配3）fieldareaaspectsphere（领域，方面）同in搭配例句：ThefieldinwhichIstudiedinuniversityispsychology.4)basisgroundfoundation（基础）同on搭配3.取决于定语从句的意义如，Air,withoutwhichmancan'tlive,isreallyimportant.ThefilmduringwhichIfellasleepwasveryboring.Thepenwithwhichheiswritingnowwasboutyesterday.练习：用“介词+关系代词”填空1.Haveyoueverreadthebook______________therearemanypictures?2.Theman______________hehadatalkyesterdayisadoctor.3.Thelibrary______________weoftenborrowbooksisverylarge.4.Thegentleman______________youspokejustnowisourheadmaster.5.Thisisthenewbicycle______________Ispentfivehundreddollars.6.Givemeapieceofpaper______________Icanwritethephonenumber.7.Theboybuiltatelescope______________hecouldstudytheskies.8.Ericreceivedtrainingincomputerforoneyear,______________hefoundajobinabigcompany.9.Herearethetabletennisplayers,some______________arefromourschool.10.Thetool______________heisworkingiscalledanengine.答案：1.inwhich2.withwhom3.fromwhich4.to/withwhom5.onwhich6.onwhich7.throughwhich8.afterwhich9.ofwhom10.withwhich核心素养对接高考一、Goffin'scockatoos,akindofsmallparrotnativetoAustralasia,havebeenshowntohavesimilarshape-recognitionabilitiestoahumantwo-year-old.Thoughnotknowntousetoolsinthewild,thebirdshaveprovedskilfulattoolusewhilekeptinthecage.Inarecentexperiment,cockatooswerepresentedwithaboxwithanutinsideit.Theclearfrontoftheboxhada"keyhole"inageometricshape,andthebirdsweregivenfivedifferentlyshaped"keys"tochoosefrom.Insertingthecorrect"key"wouldletoutthenut.

Inhumans,babiescanputaroundshapeinaroundholefromaroundoneyearofage,butitwillbeanotheryearbeforetheyareabletodothesamewithlesssymmetrical(对称的)shapes.Thisabilitytorecognizethatashapewillneedtobeturnedinaspecificdirectionbeforeitwillfitiscalledan"allocentricframeofreference".Intheexperiment,Goffin'scockatooswereabletoselecttherighttoolforthejob,inmostcases,byvisualrecognitionalone.Wheretrial-and-errorwasused,thecockatoosdidbetterthanmonkeysinsimilartests.ThisindicatesthatGoffin'scockatoosdoindeedpossessanallocentricframeofreferencewhenmovingobjectsinspace,similartotwo-year-oldbabies.

Thenextstep,accordingtotheresearchers,istotryandworkoutwhetherthecockatoosrelyentirelyonvisualclues(线索),oralsouseasenseoftouchinmakingtheirshapeselections.1.Howdidthecockatoosgetthenutfromtheboxintheexperiment?A.Byfollowinginstructions. B.Byusingatool.C.Byturningtheboxaround. D.Byremovingthelid.2.Whichtaskcanhumanone-year-oldsmostlikelycompleteaccordingtothetext?A.Usingakeytounlockadoor. B.Tellingparrotsfromotherbirds.C.Puttingaballintoaroundhole. D.Groupingtoysofdifferentshapes.3.Whatdoesthefollow-uptestaimtofindoutaboutthecockatoos?A.Howfartheyareabletosee.B.Howtheytrackmovingobjects.C.Whethertheyaresmarterthanmonkeys.D.Whethertheyuseasenseoftouchinthetest.4.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Cockatoos:QuickErrorCheckersB.Cockatoos:IndependentLearnersC.Cockatoos:CleverSignal-ReadersD.Cockatoos:SkilfulShape-Sorters二、

TheSurprisingBenefits(益处)ofPetsNowadays,moreandmorepeopleliketokeeppets,suchasdogs,catsandsoon.①________Herearethefourreasonswhyyourpetisworthanextratreattoday.KeepyouactiveWalkingyourpetfor2.5hoursaweeknotonlybenefitsyourqualityoflifebutcanalsocutyourchancesofdevelopingseriousillnesses.②________Accordingtoasurveyof6,500people,dogownersweremorelikelytoreporthavinganeasiertimefallingasleepatnightthannon-dogowners.Betteryourimmunesystem(免疫系统)Researchshowsthatchildrenwholivewithpetsfrombirthhavelowerratesofallergies(过敏反应),andthemoreanimalsinthehouse,thegreatertheprotection.Kidswithfourormorecatsordogshavehalftherateofallergiesasnon-petowners.③________LoweryourriskofheartattackResearcherstracked4,000peopleforovertenyearsandfoundthatpetownershada30percentlowerriskofdyingofheartattack.That’sbecausekeepingapetlowersaperson’sheartrate.④________Infact,someresearchhasshownthatpetownersaremuchmorelikelytosurviveaheartattackcomparedtonon-dogowners.⑤________WhenMargie,40,leftherjobasateacherin2019,shewassufferingfromanxiety.Luckily,Margieandherhusband,decidedtokeepadog.“Wethoughthavingadogwouldgiveussomethingtodowhilewe’reathome,andshehasjustchangedourlives,”shesays.“Ifeelsohappybyherjoy,energyandlove.I’veeventoldmydoctorIdontthinkIneedmymedicalserviceanymore.”A.Improveyourmentalhealth.B.Developyourfamilyrelationship.C.Keepingpetscanhelpyoutakemoreexercise.D.Therefore,petownersaremorelikelytohaveahealthyheart.E.Besides,moreexerciseduringthedayalsoseemstobringbetternights.F.Thenon-humanmembersofyourfamilyhelpyouinmorewaysthanyouknow.G.Eveninadulthood,researchsuggestspetsmayhaveapositiveeffectonourbodies.三、TheGreatWallofChina①_____(list)intheWorldCulturalHeritage(世界文化遗产)byUNESCOin1987.Just

②_____ahugedragon,itwindsupanddownacrossdeserts,grasslandsandmountains,③_____(cover)thousandsofkilometresfromtheeasttothewestofChina.

InancientChina,manypeoplebuiltwallsaroundtheirstatestoprotecttheirland.ItwasEmperorQinShihuangwhohadthewalls④_____(join)up.Theprojectcostmuchmoneyandhundredsofthousandsofpeopleworkedon

⑤_____wall.Ontopofit,itiswideenoughforfivehorsesortenmen⑥_____(walk)sidebyside.Alongthewallarewatchtowers,in

⑦_____soldiersusedtokeepwatch.Withahistoryofmorethan2,000years,someofthesectionsoftheGreatWallarenowinruinsorevendisappeared.However,itisstilloneofthemost

⑧_____(attract)spotsaroundtheworldbecauseofitswonderfulbuildingsandhistorical⑨_____(important).ManyofthetouristshavecometoknowthefamousChinesesaying—"HewhodoesnotreachtheGreatWall⑩_____(be)notatrueman."答案及解析一、1.答案：B解析：理解具体信息。根据第一段中的"Thoughnotknowntousetoolsinthewild,thebirdshaveprovedskillfulattooluse"可知,实验中凤头鹦鹉通过使用工具拿到了盒子里的果仁,故选B项。2.答案：C解析：推断。根据第二段首句"Inhumans,babiescanputaroundshapeinaroundholefromaroundoneyearofage"可知,在大约一岁时,婴儿就能将圆形物体放入圆孔中,由此可推知C项正确。3.答案：D解析：理解具体信息。根据最后一段信息可知,研究人员下一步将查明凤头鹦鹉是否完全依靠视觉线索还是也需要使用触觉来对物体的形状作出选择。4.答案：D解析：理解文章主旨要义。综观全文,尤其是根据文章首句"Goffin'scockatoos,akindofsmallparrotnativetoAustralasia,havebeenshowntohavesimilarshape-recognitionabilitiestoahumantwo-year-old"可知,文章主要讲述凤头鹦鹉出色的形状识别能力。故D项作文章标题最佳。二、答案：FEGDA解析：①细节句。根据下文“Herearethefourreasonswhyyourpetisworthanextratreattoday.”可知,宠物值得额外的款待。F项“你家庭中的非人类成员以比你所知道的更多的方式帮助你。”符合语境。F项中helpyou是后文isworthanextratreat的原因。②过渡句。设空处与上下文构成的语境为:遛宠物可以提高生活质量,减少患严重疾病的几率→②_____→狗主人更容易入睡。由此可知,E项“此外,白天多运动似乎也能带来更好的晚上(睡眠)。”承上启下,符合上下文文意。③细节句。根据上文“Researchshowsthatchildrenwholivewithpetsfrombirthhavelowerratesofallergies,andthatthemoreanimalsinthehouse,thegreatertheprotection.”可知,研究表明宠物可以帮助小孩减少过敏。G项“研究表明,即使是成年,宠物也可能对我们的身体产生积极影响。”承接上文,符合文意。④细节句。根据上文“Researcherstracked4,000people...That'sbecausekeepingapetlowersaperson'sheartrate.”可知,宠物主人患心脏疾病的风险更小,养宠物有助于降低人的心率。D项“因此,宠物主人更有可能拥有健康的心脏。”承接上文,符合文意。⑤主旨句。本空为本段小标题,根据第二、三、四段小标题可知,本段应选祈使句作为本段的主旨句。根据下文“WhenMargie.