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XX小升初数学知识点讲解整理(比与比例)(一)比的意义和性质.比的意义两个数相除又叫做两个数的比。“:”是比号,读作“比”。比号前面的数叫做比的前项,比号后面的数叫做比的后项。比的前项除以后项所得的商,叫做比值。同除法比较,比的前项相当于被除数,后项相当于除数,比值相当于商。比值通常用分数表示,也可以用小数表示,有时也可能是整数。比的后项不能是零。根据分数与除法的关系,可知比的前项相当于分子,后项相当于分母,比值相当于分数值。2.比的性质比的前项和后项同时乘上或者除以相同的数(0除外),比值不变,这叫做比的基本性质。3.求比值和化简比求比值的方法:用比的前项除以后项,它的结果是一个数值可以是整数,也可以是小数或分数。根据比的基本性质可以把比化成最简单的整数比。它的结果必须是一个最简比,即前、后项是互质的数。4.比例尺图上距离:实际距离=比例尺要求会求比例尺;已知图上距离和比例尺求实际距离;已知实际距离和比例尺求图上距离。线段比例尺:在图上附有一条注有数目的线段,用来表示和地面上相对应的实际距离。5.按比例分配在农业生产和日常生活中,常常需要把一个数Unit
2There
were
few
doctors,so
he
had
to
work
very
hardon
his
own.Module
3Heroes1Norman
Bethune诺尔曼•白求恩(1890-1939)Do
you
know
who
heis?2born
in
Gravenhurst,Ontario,
Canada
onMarch
4,
1890graduated
inUniversity
ofToronto
in
19163went
toSpain
in
1936
and
organizeda
mobile
blood
transfusion
service4came
toChina
and
joinedthe
8th
Route
Army
in
theShanxi-Hebeiborder
regionasasurgeondied
because
ofsepticemia(败血症)whenhe
was
only
49
in
19395soldier
treatNorman
Bethunewas
Canadian.He
was
a
doctor.He
tried
his
best
totreat
the
sick
soldiers.hospital
sickwar
woundin
Cthaenabdioaxn.
(Pdo2c0to)
r1
Make
some
sentences
aboutwhatNorman
Bethune
did,
using
the
words6Answer
the
questions.Task
1Who
is
the
writer
of
thispassage?WangLingling.What
does
this
passage
mainly
talk
about?It
mainly
talks
about
Wang
Lingling’shero—Dr
Norman
Bethune.one
of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数表示“……中最……之一”。7die
for意为“为……而死”。Listen
to
the
passage
aboutDr
Norman
Bethuneandchoose
the
correct
answer.(There
might
be
more
thanone
right
answer.)Task
281.
Where
is
Dr
Norman
Bethunefrom?A.China B.
Spain C.
Canada2.
What
did
he
do
to
take
care
of
the
sick?A.
He
treated
them
on
his
own.B.
He
invented
special
medical
tools.C.
He
taught
local
doctors
andnurses.3.
What
did
Dr
Bethune
die
of?A.
hard
work B.
tirednessC.
hiswound4.
Who
are
still
remembering
himtoday?A.Chinese B.
Canadians C.Spanish①②③④研究新办法照顾;护理the+adj.
表示一类人引导目的状语从句引导原因状语从句on
one’s
own独自一人引导结果状语从句那时候manage
to
do
sth.表示“设法做(成某事)”
死于…9…456221)a)
came
to
Chinab)
wrote
books
about
ways
of
treatingthe
sick
in
China1
c)
was
born
in
18903d)
invented
medical
tools
to
use
outsidehospitalsdiedwent
to
treat
the
wounded
soldiers
inSpainTask
33
Number
the
events
about
NormanBethune
in
the
order
they
happened.(P10Check
the
sentences
and
correct
thew1.rNonogrmoannesB.
ethune
began
to
work
as
a×doctor
in
11993166.Because
of
Dr
Bethune’s
inventions,doctors
could
treat
the
wounded
morequickly.
√There
were
sofemwe
doctors
during
the
Anti-Japanese
War.
×He
often
worked
hard
to
save
thesoldiers
without
taking
care
of
himself.√Dr
Bethune
is
a
hero
in
Chinese’smind.√Task
411the
(2) in
Spain,
he
treated
the
woundedand
wounded
soldiers.
He
often
workedwarsicksold(Pier2s1th)
ere.Heinventedspecial(3)
tools
touse
outside
hospitals.
His
(4)
inventionssaved
manylives.
In
China,
he
(5)
continued
to
treat(6)inventionwoundwithout
taking
a
rest
and
did
not
look
after
(7)
himself
.
At
one
point,
he
(8)
managed
to
saveover
one
hundred
lives
insixty-nine
hours.Duringan
operation,
he
cut
his
finger,
and
finally
died
ofhis
(9)
wound
.
He
is
still
remembered
in
bothChina
andCanada.Canadian
continue
himselfmanage
siTcaksk
5tool
war4
NCoormmapnleBteethtuhnee
wpaass(s1a)Cgaenawdiitahn
t,hbeut
he
isonecoofrtrheecmt
ofostrfmamoofusthheeroweos
rindCshiinnat.hDeubrionxg
.12In
the
1980s,
he
travelled
around
theworldand
gave
advice
about
growing
rice
tomany
people.
In
2004,
he
wontheWorldFood
Prizefor
his
work.
Yuan
Longping’snew
rice
has
helped
many
countries
of
theworld
grow
more
rice
than
before.
So
he
iscalled
“the
Father
of
Rice”.
He
hassavedmany
people
from
hunger,
and
that
is
whyhe
is
ahero.13die
for/oftake
care
ofon
one’s
own…and
wrote
books
so
that
they
couldlearn
about
how
he
treated
thesick.Once,
he
even
worked
for
sixty-ninehours
without
stopping
and
managed
tosave
over
a
hundred
lives.本课时主要短语和句型总结回顾141. The
young
man
is
old
enough
to
look
after(he).Ⅰ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。himself—Look!
There
is
a
wounded
(wound)woman.
Let’s
help
her.—Okay.Please
wait
a
moment.
Mr
Li
is
doing
a(n)
operation
(operate)atthemoment.—The
project
is
very
good.
I
like
it
verymuch.—Thank
you.
Dan
and
I
developed(develop)
it
from
Maria’sidea.5.
These
inventions
(invent)
have
broughtthe
old
lots
ofhappiness.15Ⅱ.根据句意及首字母提示写出正确的单词。Sara
has
been
s
ick
for
two
days
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